Merge branch 'main' into feat/generic-n-extruders

Merge branch 'feat/printer-agent-impl' into feat/generic-n-extruders
Merge branch 'main' into feat/printer-agent-impl
2026-10-04 14:20:58 +00:00 · 2026-10-04 01:58:50 +08:00 · 2026-10-01 15:10:11 +08:00 · 2026-10-01 15:09:51 +08:00 · 2026-10-01 15:09:38 +08:00 · 2026-10-01 14:49:28 +08:00
60 changed files with 7449 additions and 1958 deletions
@@ -685,6 +685,162 @@ static void load_default_gcodes_to_config(DynamicPrintConfig& config, Preset::Ty
    }
 }

+static int load_assemble_plate_list(std::string config_file, std::vector<assemble_plate_info_t> &assemble_plate_info_list)
+{
+    int ret = 0;
+    boost::filesystem::path directory_path(config_file);
+
+    BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info) << boost::format("%1% enter, file %2%")%__FUNCTION__ % config_file;
+    if (!fs::exists(directory_path)) {
+        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(error) << boost::format("directory %1% not exist.")%config_file;
+        return CLI_FILE_NOTFOUND;
+    }
+
+    try {
+        json root_json;
+        boost::nowide::ifstream ifs(config_file);
+        ifs >> root_json;
+        ifs.close();
+
+        int plate_count = root_json[JSON_ASSEMPLE_PLATES].size();
+        if ((plate_count <= 0) || (plate_count > MAX_PLATE_COUNT)) {
+            BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(error) << __FUNCTION__<< boost::format(": invalid plate count %1%")%plate_count;
+            return CLI_CONFIG_FILE_ERROR;
+        }
+        assemble_plate_info_list.resize(plate_count);
+
+        for (int plate_index = 0; plate_index < plate_count; plate_index++)
+        {
+            assemble_plate_info_t &assemble_plate = assemble_plate_info_list[plate_index];
+            const json& plate_json = root_json[JSON_ASSEMPLE_PLATES][plate_index];
+            assemble_plate.plate_name = plate_json[JSON_ASSEMPLE_PLATE_NAME];
+            assemble_plate.need_arrange = plate_json[JSON_ASSEMPLE_PLATE_NEED_ARRANGE];
+
+            if (plate_json.contains(JSON_ASSEMPLE_PLATE_PARAMS)) {
+                assemble_plate.plate_params = plate_json[JSON_ASSEMPLE_PLATE_PARAMS].get<std::map<std::string, std::string>>();
+                BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(debug) << boost::format("Plate %1%, has %2% plate params") % (plate_index + 1)  % assemble_plate.plate_params.size();
+            }
+
+            int object_count = plate_json[JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECTS].size();
+            if (object_count <= 0) {
+                BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(error) << __FUNCTION__<< boost::format(": invalid object count %1% in plate %2%")%object_count %(plate_index+1);
+                return CLI_CONFIG_FILE_ERROR;
+            }
+
+            assemble_plate.assemble_obj_list.resize(object_count);
+            for (int object_index = 0; object_index < object_count; object_index++)
+            {
+                assemble_object_info_t& assemble_object = assemble_plate.assemble_obj_list[object_index];
+                const json& object_json = plate_json[JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECTS][object_index];
+
+                assemble_object.path = object_json[JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_PATH];
+                assemble_object.count = object_json[JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_COUNT];
+
+                if (assemble_object.count <= 0) {
+                    BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(error) << __FUNCTION__ << boost::format(": invalid object clone count %1% in plate %2% Object %3%") % assemble_object.count % (plate_index + 1) % assemble_object.path;
+                    return CLI_CONFIG_FILE_ERROR;
+                }
+
+                assemble_object.filaments = object_json.at(JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_FILAMENTS).get<std::vector<int>>();
+                if ((assemble_object.filaments.size() > 0) && (assemble_object.filaments.size() != assemble_object.count) && (assemble_object.filaments.size() != 1))
+                {
+                    BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(error) << __FUNCTION__ << boost::format(": object %1%'s filaments count %2% not equal to clone count %3%, also not equal to 1") % assemble_object.path % assemble_object.filaments.size() % assemble_object.count;
+                    return CLI_CONFIG_FILE_ERROR;
+                }
+
+                if (object_json.contains(JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_ASSEMBLE_INDEX)) {
+                    assemble_object.assemble_index = object_json[JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_ASSEMBLE_INDEX].get<std::vector<int>>();
+                    if ((assemble_object.assemble_index.size() > 0) && (assemble_object.assemble_index.size() != assemble_object.count) && (assemble_object.assemble_index.size() != 1))
+                    {
+                        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(error) << __FUNCTION__ << boost::format(": object %1%'s assemble_index count %2% not equal to clone count %3%, also not equal to 1") % assemble_object.path % assemble_object.assemble_index.size() % assemble_object.count;
+                        return CLI_CONFIG_FILE_ERROR;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if (object_json.contains(JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_POS_X)) {
+                    assemble_object.pos_x = object_json[JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_POS_X].get<std::vector<float>>();
+                    if ((assemble_object.pos_x.size() > 0) && (assemble_object.pos_x.size() != assemble_object.count) && (assemble_object.pos_x.size() != 1))
+                    {
+                        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(error) << __FUNCTION__ << boost::format(": object %1%'s pos_x count %2% not equal to clone count %3%, also not equal to 1") % assemble_object.path % assemble_object.pos_x.size() % assemble_object.count;
+                        return CLI_CONFIG_FILE_ERROR;
+                    }
+                }
+                if (object_json.contains(JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_POS_Y)) {
+                    assemble_object.pos_y = object_json[JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_POS_Y].get<std::vector<float>>();
+                    if ((assemble_object.pos_y.size() > 0) && (assemble_object.pos_y.size() != assemble_object.count) && (assemble_object.pos_y.size() != 1))
+                    {
+                        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(error) << __FUNCTION__ << boost::format(": object %1%'s pos_y count %2% not equal to clone count %3%, also not equal to 1") % assemble_object.path % assemble_object.pos_y.size() % assemble_object.count;
+                        return CLI_CONFIG_FILE_ERROR;
+                    }
+                }
+                if (object_json.contains(JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_POS_Z)) {
+                    assemble_object.pos_z = object_json[JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_POS_Z].get<std::vector<float>>();
+                    if ((assemble_object.pos_z.size() > 0) && (assemble_object.pos_z.size() != assemble_object.count) && (assemble_object.pos_z.size() != 1))
+                    {
+                        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(error) << __FUNCTION__ << boost::format(": object %1%'s pos_z count %2% not equal to clone count %3%, also not equal to 1") % assemble_object.path % assemble_object.pos_z.size() % assemble_object.count;
+                        return CLI_CONFIG_FILE_ERROR;
+                    }
+                }
+                if (object_json.contains(JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_PRINT_PARAMS)) {
+                    assemble_object.print_params = object_json[JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_PRINT_PARAMS].get<std::map<std::string, std::string>>();
+                    BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(debug) << boost::format("Plate %1%, object %2% has %3% print params") % (plate_index + 1) %assemble_object.path % assemble_object.print_params.size();
+                }
+                if (object_json.contains(JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_HEIGHT_RANGES)) {
+                    json height_range_json = object_json[JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_HEIGHT_RANGES];
+                    int range_count = height_range_json.size();
+
+                    BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(debug) << boost::format("Plate %1%, object %2% has %3% height ranges") % (plate_index + 1) %assemble_object.path % range_count;
+
+                    assemble_object.height_ranges.resize(range_count);
+                    for (int range_index = 0; range_index < range_count; range_index++)
+                    {
+                        height_range_info_t& height_range = assemble_object.height_ranges[range_index];
+                        height_range.min_z = height_range_json[range_index][JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_MIN_Z];
+                        height_range.max_z = height_range_json[range_index][JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_MAX_Z];
+                        height_range.range_params = height_range_json[range_index][JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_RANGE_PARAMS].get<std::map<std::string, std::string>>();
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if (plate_json.contains(JSON_ASSEMPLE_ASSEMBLE_PARAMS)) {
+                json assemble_params_json = plate_json[JSON_ASSEMPLE_ASSEMBLE_PARAMS];
+                int assemble_count = assemble_params_json.size();
+                for (int i = 0; i < assemble_count; i++)
+                {
+                    assembled_param_info_t assembled_param;
+                    int assemble_index = assemble_params_json[i][JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_ASSEMBLE_INDEX];
+                    if (assemble_params_json[i].contains(JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_PRINT_PARAMS)) {
+                        assembled_param.print_params = assemble_params_json[i][JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_PRINT_PARAMS].get<std::map<std::string, std::string>>();
+                        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(debug) << boost::format("Plate %1%, assemble object %2% has %3% print params") % (plate_index + 1) %i % assembled_param.print_params.size();
+                    }
+                    if (assemble_params_json[i].contains(JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_HEIGHT_RANGES)) {
+                        json height_range_json = assemble_params_json[i][JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_HEIGHT_RANGES];
+                        int range_count = height_range_json.size();
+
+                        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(debug) << boost::format("Plate %1%, assemble object %2% has %3% height ranges") % (plate_index + 1) %i % range_count;
+
+                        assembled_param.height_ranges.resize(range_count);
+                        for (int range_index = 0; range_index < range_count; range_index++)
+                        {
+                            height_range_info_t& height_range = assembled_param.height_ranges[range_index];
+                            height_range.min_z = height_range_json[range_index][JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_MIN_Z];
+                            height_range.max_z = height_range_json[range_index][JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_MAX_Z];
+                            height_range.range_params = height_range_json[range_index][JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_RANGE_PARAMS].get<std::map<std::string, std::string>>();
+                        }
+                    }
+                    assemble_plate.assembled_param_list.emplace(assemble_index, std::move(assembled_param));
+                }
+                BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(debug) << boost::format("Plate %1%, has %2% plate params") % (plate_index + 1)  % assemble_plate.plate_params.size();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    catch(std::exception &err) {
+        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(error) << __FUNCTION__<< ": parse file "<<config_file<<" got a generic exception, reason = " << err.what();
+        ret = CLI_CONFIG_FILE_ERROR;
+    }
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
 void merge_or_add_object(assemble_plate_info_t& assemble_plate_info, Model &model, int assemble_index, std::map<int, ModelObject*> &merged_objects, ModelObject *ori_object)
 {
    if (assemble_index > 0) {
@@ -1750,14 +1906,6 @@ int CLI::run(int argc, char **argv)

                    BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info) << boost::format("current_printer_name %1%, current_process_name %2%")%current_printer_name %current_process_name;
                    ConfigOptionStrings* option_strings = config.option<ConfigOptionStrings>("inherits_group");
-                    // One entry for the process, one per filament and one for the printer. A group of another
-                    // length still has the process first and the printer last; one too short for that is ignored.
-                    if (option_strings && option_strings->values.size() != current_filaments_name.size() + 2) {
-                        boost::nowide::cerr << "Warning: inherits_group has " << option_strings->values.size() << " entries, expected "
-                                            << current_filaments_name.size() + 2 << " for " << current_filaments_name.size() << " filaments" << std::endl;
-                        if (option_strings->values.size() < 2)
-                            option_strings = nullptr;
-                    }
                    if (option_strings) {
                        current_inherits_group = option_strings->values;
                        size_t size = current_inherits_group.size();
@@ -1779,11 +1927,14 @@ int CLI::run(int argc, char **argv)
                            BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info) << boost::format("inherits of process valid, current_process_system_name is %1%") %current_process_system_name;
                        }

-                        // A filament without an entry of its own counts as a system preset.
-                        current_filaments_system_name = current_filaments_name;
-                        for (size_t index = 1; index < size - 1 && index <= current_filaments_name.size(); index++) {
-                            if (!current_inherits_group[index].empty())
+                        current_filaments_system_name.resize(size - 2);
+                        for (int index = 1; index < (size - 1); index++) {
+                            if (current_inherits_group[index].empty()) {
+                                current_filaments_system_name[index-1] = current_filaments_name[index-1];
+                            }
+                            else {
                                current_filaments_system_name[index-1] = current_inherits_group[index];
+                            }
                        }
                    }
                    else {
@@ -1916,12 +2067,7 @@ int CLI::run(int argc, char **argv)
        //parse the json and assemble object here
        Model model;

-        AssembleListResult list_result = load_assemble_plate_list(load_assemble_list, assemble_plate_info_list, MAX_PLATE_COUNT);
-        int ret = CLI_SUCCESS;
-        if (list_result == AssembleListResult::FileNotFound)
-            ret = CLI_FILE_NOTFOUND;
-        else if (list_result == AssembleListResult::ConfigError)
-            ret = CLI_CONFIG_FILE_ERROR;
+        int ret = load_assemble_plate_list(load_assemble_list, assemble_plate_info_list);
        if (ret) {
            record_exit_reson(outfile_dir, ret, 0, cli_errors[ret], sliced_info);
            flush_and_exit(ret);
@@ -2677,37 +2823,6 @@ int CLI::run(int argc, char **argv)
        fetch_compatible_values = true;
    }

-    // Refresh every project filament no loaded filament replaces from its current system preset, as the GUI
-    // does when it loads the project; the filament merge below keeps the keys the project lists as changed.
-    // Entries stay in slot order, which the merge's variant bookkeeping relies on.
-    std::vector<bool> load_filaments_refresh(load_filaments_config.size(), false);
-    if (is_bbl_3mf && new_printer_name.empty()) {
-        const ConfigOptionStrings *project_filament_ids = m_print_config.option<ConfigOptionStrings>("filament_ids");
-        for (size_t index = 0; index < current_filaments_system_name.size(); index++) {
-            const int slot = static_cast<int>(index) + 1;
-            if (std::find(load_filaments_index.begin(), load_filaments_index.end(), slot) != load_filaments_index.end())
-                continue;
-            std::string system_name = current_filaments_system_name[index];
-            if (system_name.empty())
-                continue;
-            PresetBundle::convert_filament_preset_name(current_printer_name, system_name);
-            DynamicPrintConfig config;
-            std::string        error;
-            if (!ensure_system_preset_resolver().resolve_system_preset(config, Preset::TYPE_FILAMENT, system_name, config_substitution_rule, error)) {
-                BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(warning) << boost::format("CLI: system filament preset '%1%' not resolved (%2%); filament %3% keeps its values") % system_name % error % slot;
-                continue;
-            }
-            const size_t at = std::upper_bound(load_filaments_index.begin(), load_filaments_index.end(), slot) - load_filaments_index.begin();
-            load_filaments_id.insert(load_filaments_id.begin() + at,
-                project_filament_ids != nullptr && index < project_filament_ids->size() ? project_filament_ids->values[index] : std::string());
-            load_filaments_name.insert(load_filaments_name.begin() + at, system_name);
-            load_filaments_config.insert(load_filaments_config.begin() + at, std::move(config));
-            load_filaments_index.insert(load_filaments_index.begin() + at, slot);
-            load_filaments_inherit.insert(load_filaments_inherit.begin() + at, system_name);
-            load_filaments_refresh.insert(load_filaments_refresh.begin() + at, true);
-        }
-    }
-
    //fetch upward_compatible_machine
    if (fetch_upward_values) {
        if (!current_printer_system_name.empty()) {
@@ -3398,7 +3513,7 @@ int CLI::run(int argc, char **argv)
    }

    //set the filament settings into print config
-    if ((load_filament_count > 0) || (up_config_to_date) || !load_filaments_config.empty())
+    if ((load_filament_count > 0) || (up_config_to_date))
    {
        //std::vector<int> filament_variant_count(filament_count, 1);
        std::vector<int> old_start_indice(filament_count, 0);
@@ -3457,8 +3572,6 @@ int CLI::run(int argc, char **argv)
        for (int index = 0; index < load_filaments_config.size(); index++) {
            DynamicPrintConfig&  config = load_filaments_config[index];
            int filament_index = load_filaments_index[index];
-            // A filament given with --load-filaments replaces the slot; a refreshed one keeps the project's changed keys.
-            const bool loaded = load_filament_count > 0 && !load_filaments_refresh[index];
            std::vector<std::string> different_keys;

            //ORCA: diff before load_default_gcodes_to_config, the way the process and machine
@@ -3468,12 +3581,12 @@ int CLI::run(int argc, char **argv)
            //      compared" to "compared as empty against the parent" and land in the column
            //      as an override the user never made.
            std::string filament_different_settings;
-            if (loaded)
+            if (load_filament_count > 0)
                filament_different_settings = cli_different_settings(config, load_filaments_inherit[index], Preset::TYPE_FILAMENT);

            load_default_gcodes_to_config(config, Preset::TYPE_FILAMENT);

-            if (loaded) {
+            if (load_filament_count > 0) {
                ConfigOptionStrings *opt_filament_settings = static_cast<ConfigOptionStrings *> (m_print_config.option("filament_settings_id", true));
                std::string& filament_name = load_filaments_name[index];
                ConfigOptionString* filament_name_setting = new ConfigOptionString(filament_name);
@@ -3545,7 +3658,7 @@ int CLI::run(int argc, char **argv)
                    flush_and_exit(CLI_CONFIG_FILE_ERROR);
                }

-                if (!loaded && !different_keys_set.empty())
+                if ((load_filament_count == 0) && !different_keys_set.empty())
                {
                    std::set<std::string>::iterator iter = different_keys_set.find(opt_key);
                    if ( iter != different_keys_set.end()) {
@@ -4735,11 +4848,6 @@ int CLI::run(int argc, char **argv)
                record_exit_reson(outfile_dir, CLI_INVALID_PARAMS, 0, cli_errors[CLI_INVALID_PARAMS], sliced_info);
                flush_and_exit(CLI_INVALID_PARAMS);
            }
-            if (m_models.empty()) {
-                boost::nowide::cerr << "Invalid params: --assemble needs at least one input model." << std::endl;
-                record_exit_reson(outfile_dir, CLI_INVALID_PARAMS, 0, cli_errors[CLI_INVALID_PARAMS], sliced_info);
-                flush_and_exit(CLI_INVALID_PARAMS);
-            }
            Model m;
            ModelObject* new_object = m.add_object();
            new_object->name = _u8L("Assembly");
@@ -5680,7 +5788,7 @@ int CLI::run(int argc, char **argv)
                        float w = dynamic_cast<const ConfigOptionFloat *>(m_print_config.option("prime_tower_width"))->value;
                        float a = dynamic_cast<const ConfigOptionFloat *>(m_print_config.option("wipe_tower_rotation_angle"))->value;
                        float v = dynamic_cast<const ConfigOptionFloat *>(m_print_config.option("prime_volume"))->value;
-                        unsigned int filaments_cnt = (plate_data_src.size() >= static_cast<size_t>(plate_to_slice)) ? plate_data_src[plate_to_slice-1]->slice_filaments_info.size() : 0;
+                        unsigned int filaments_cnt = plate_data_src[plate_to_slice-1]->slice_filaments_info.size();
                        if ((filaments_cnt == 0) || need_skip)
                        {
                            // slice filaments info invalid
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@

 #include "libslic3r/Config.hpp"
 #include "libslic3r/Model.hpp"
-#include "libslic3r/Format/AssembleList.hpp"

 namespace Slic3r {

@@ -27,6 +26,64 @@ namespace IO {
    };
 }

+#define JSON_ASSEMPLE_PLATES                   "plates"
+#define JSON_ASSEMPLE_PLATE_PARAMS             "plate_params"
+#define JSON_ASSEMPLE_PLATE_NAME               "plate_name"
+#define JSON_ASSEMPLE_PLATE_NEED_ARRANGE       "need_arrange"
+#define JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECTS                  "objects"
+#define JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_PATH              "path"
+#define JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_COUNT             "count"
+#define JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_FILAMENTS         "filaments"
+#define JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_POS_X             "pos_x"
+#define JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_POS_Y             "pos_y"
+#define JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_POS_Z             "pos_z"
+#define JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_ASSEMBLE_INDEX    "assemble_index"
+#define JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_PRINT_PARAMS      "print_params"
+#define JSON_ASSEMPLE_ASSEMBLE_PARAMS         "assembled_params"
+
+
+#define JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_MIN_Z              "min_z"
+#define JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_MAX_Z              "max_z"
+#define JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_HEIGHT_RANGES      "height_ranges"
+#define JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_RANGE_PARAMS       "range_params"
+
+typedef struct _height_range_info {
+    float         min_z;
+    float         max_z;
+
+    std::map<std::string, std::string> range_params;
+}height_range_info_t;
+
+typedef struct _assembled_param_info {
+    std::map<std::string, std::string> print_params;
+    std::vector<height_range_info_t> height_ranges;
+}assembled_param_info_t;
+
+typedef struct _assemble_object_info {
+    std::string         path;
+    int                 count;
+
+    std::vector<int>    filaments;
+    std::vector<int>    assemble_index;
+    std::vector<float>  pos_x;
+    std::vector<float>  pos_y;
+    std::vector<float>  pos_z;
+    std::map<std::string, std::string> print_params;
+    std::vector<height_range_info_t> height_ranges;
+}assemble_object_info_t;
+
+typedef struct _assemble_plate_info {
+    std::string         plate_name;
+    bool                need_arrange {false};
+    int                 filaments_count {0};
+
+    std::map<std::string, std::string> plate_params;
+    std::vector<assemble_object_info_t> assemble_obj_list;
+    std::vector<ModelObject *> loaded_obj_list;
+    std::map<int, assembled_param_info_t> assembled_param_list;
+}assemble_plate_info_t;
+
+
 typedef struct _printer_plate_info {
    std::string         printer_name;
    int                 printable_width{0};
@@ -202,8 +202,6 @@ set(lisbslic3r_sources
    Format/3mf.hpp
    Format/AMF.cpp
    Format/AMF.hpp
-    Format/AssembleList.cpp
-    Format/AssembleList.hpp
    Format/DRC.cpp
    Format/DRC.hpp
    Format/bbs_3mf.cpp
@@ -871,6 +871,19 @@ ConfigSubstitutions ConfigBase::load_from_json(const std::string &file, ForwardC
    return std::move(substitutions_ctxt.substitutions);
 }

+// Case-insensitive compare of a JSON key against a fixed ASCII one, without
+// boost::iequals, whose std::locale() takes a lock the whole process shares in the
+// MSVC runtime.
+static bool ascii_iequals(const std::string &key, const char *literal)
+{
+    auto lower = [](char c) { return (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z') ? char(c - 'A' + 'a') : c; };
+    size_t i = 0;
+    for (; i < key.size() && literal[i] != '\0'; ++ i)
+        if (lower(key[i]) != lower(literal[i]))
+            return false;
+    return i == key.size() && literal[i] == '\0';
+}
+
 int ConfigBase::load_from_json(const std::string &file, ConfigSubstitutionContext& substitution_context, bool load_inherits_to_config, std::map<std::string, std::string>& key_values, std::string& reason)
 {
    json j;
@@ -1,204 +0,0 @@
-#include "AssembleList.hpp"
-
-#include <algorithm>
-
-#include <boost/filesystem.hpp>
-#include <boost/format.hpp>
-#include <boost/log/trivial.hpp>
-#include <boost/nowide/fstream.hpp>
-
-#include "nlohmann/json.hpp"
-
-#define JSON_ASSEMPLE_PLATES                   "plates"
-#define JSON_ASSEMPLE_PLATE_PARAMS             "plate_params"
-#define JSON_ASSEMPLE_PLATE_NAME               "plate_name"
-#define JSON_ASSEMPLE_PLATE_NEED_ARRANGE       "need_arrange"
-#define JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECTS                  "objects"
-#define JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_PATH              "path"
-#define JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_COUNT             "count"
-#define JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_FILAMENTS         "filaments"
-#define JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_POS_X             "pos_x"
-#define JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_POS_Y             "pos_y"
-#define JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_POS_Z             "pos_z"
-#define JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_ASSEMBLE_INDEX    "assemble_index"
-#define JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_PRINT_PARAMS      "print_params"
-#define JSON_ASSEMPLE_ASSEMBLE_PARAMS         "assembled_params"
-
-
-#define JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_MIN_Z              "min_z"
-#define JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_MAX_Z              "max_z"
-#define JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_HEIGHT_RANGES      "height_ranges"
-#define JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_RANGE_PARAMS       "range_params"
-
-namespace Slic3r {
-
-using json = nlohmann::json;
-
-AssembleListResult load_assemble_plate_list(const std::string &config_file, std::vector<assemble_plate_info_t> &assemble_plate_info_list, int max_plate_count)
-{
-    AssembleListResult ret = AssembleListResult::Success;
-    boost::filesystem::path directory_path(config_file);
-
-    BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info) << boost::format("%1% enter, file %2%")%__FUNCTION__ % config_file;
-    if (!boost::filesystem::exists(directory_path)) {
-        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(error) << boost::format("directory %1% not exist.")%config_file;
-        return AssembleListResult::FileNotFound;
-    }
-
-    try {
-        json root_json;
-        boost::nowide::ifstream ifs(config_file);
-        ifs >> root_json;
-        ifs.close();
-
-        int plate_count = root_json[JSON_ASSEMPLE_PLATES].size();
-        if ((plate_count <= 0) || (plate_count > max_plate_count)) {
-            BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(error) << __FUNCTION__<< boost::format(": invalid plate count %1%")%plate_count;
-            return AssembleListResult::ConfigError;
-        }
-        assemble_plate_info_list.resize(plate_count);
-
-        for (int plate_index = 0; plate_index < plate_count; plate_index++)
-        {
-            assemble_plate_info_t &assemble_plate = assemble_plate_info_list[plate_index];
-            const json& plate_json = root_json[JSON_ASSEMPLE_PLATES][plate_index];
-            assemble_plate.plate_name = plate_json[JSON_ASSEMPLE_PLATE_NAME];
-            assemble_plate.need_arrange = plate_json[JSON_ASSEMPLE_PLATE_NEED_ARRANGE];
-
-            if (plate_json.contains(JSON_ASSEMPLE_PLATE_PARAMS)) {
-                assemble_plate.plate_params = plate_json[JSON_ASSEMPLE_PLATE_PARAMS].get<std::map<std::string, std::string>>();
-                BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(debug) << boost::format("Plate %1%, has %2% plate params") % (plate_index + 1)  % assemble_plate.plate_params.size();
-            }
-
-            int object_count = plate_json[JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECTS].size();
-            if (object_count <= 0) {
-                BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(error) << __FUNCTION__<< boost::format(": invalid object count %1% in plate %2%")%object_count %(plate_index+1);
-                return AssembleListResult::ConfigError;
-            }
-
-            assemble_plate.assemble_obj_list.resize(object_count);
-            for (int object_index = 0; object_index < object_count; object_index++)
-            {
-                assemble_object_info_t& assemble_object = assemble_plate.assemble_obj_list[object_index];
-                const json& object_json = plate_json[JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECTS][object_index];
-
-                assemble_object.path = object_json[JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_PATH];
-                assemble_object.count = object_json[JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_COUNT];
-
-                if (assemble_object.count <= 0) {
-                    BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(error) << __FUNCTION__ << boost::format(": invalid object clone count %1% in plate %2% Object %3%") % assemble_object.count % (plate_index + 1) % assemble_object.path;
-                    return AssembleListResult::ConfigError;
-                }
-
-                assemble_object.filaments = object_json.at(JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_FILAMENTS).get<std::vector<int>>();
-                if (assemble_object.filaments.empty())
-                {
-                    BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(error) << __FUNCTION__ << boost::format(": object %1%'s filaments list is empty") % assemble_object.path;
-                    return AssembleListResult::ConfigError;
-                }
-                if ((assemble_object.filaments.size() != assemble_object.count) && (assemble_object.filaments.size() != 1))
-                {
-                    BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(error) << __FUNCTION__ << boost::format(": object %1%'s filaments count %2% not equal to clone count %3%, also not equal to 1") % assemble_object.path % assemble_object.filaments.size() % assemble_object.count;
-                    return AssembleListResult::ConfigError;
-                }
-                // 0 keeps the default filament, as it does for --load-filament-ids.
-                if (std::any_of(assemble_object.filaments.begin(), assemble_object.filaments.end(), [](int id) { return id < 0; }))
-                {
-                    BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(error) << __FUNCTION__ << boost::format(": object %1% has a negative filament id") % assemble_object.path;
-                    return AssembleListResult::ConfigError;
-                }
-
-                if (object_json.contains(JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_ASSEMBLE_INDEX)) {
-                    assemble_object.assemble_index = object_json[JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_ASSEMBLE_INDEX].get<std::vector<int>>();
-                    if ((assemble_object.assemble_index.size() > 0) && (assemble_object.assemble_index.size() != assemble_object.count) && (assemble_object.assemble_index.size() != 1))
-                    {
-                        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(error) << __FUNCTION__ << boost::format(": object %1%'s assemble_index count %2% not equal to clone count %3%, also not equal to 1") % assemble_object.path % assemble_object.assemble_index.size() % assemble_object.count;
-                        return AssembleListResult::ConfigError;
-                    }
-                }
-
-                if (object_json.contains(JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_POS_X)) {
-                    assemble_object.pos_x = object_json[JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_POS_X].get<std::vector<float>>();
-                    if ((assemble_object.pos_x.size() > 0) && (assemble_object.pos_x.size() != assemble_object.count) && (assemble_object.pos_x.size() != 1))
-                    {
-                        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(error) << __FUNCTION__ << boost::format(": object %1%'s pos_x count %2% not equal to clone count %3%, also not equal to 1") % assemble_object.path % assemble_object.pos_x.size() % assemble_object.count;
-                        return AssembleListResult::ConfigError;
-                    }
-                }
-                if (object_json.contains(JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_POS_Y)) {
-                    assemble_object.pos_y = object_json[JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_POS_Y].get<std::vector<float>>();
-                    if ((assemble_object.pos_y.size() > 0) && (assemble_object.pos_y.size() != assemble_object.count) && (assemble_object.pos_y.size() != 1))
-                    {
-                        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(error) << __FUNCTION__ << boost::format(": object %1%'s pos_y count %2% not equal to clone count %3%, also not equal to 1") % assemble_object.path % assemble_object.pos_y.size() % assemble_object.count;
-                        return AssembleListResult::ConfigError;
-                    }
-                }
-                if (object_json.contains(JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_POS_Z)) {
-                    assemble_object.pos_z = object_json[JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_POS_Z].get<std::vector<float>>();
-                    if ((assemble_object.pos_z.size() > 0) && (assemble_object.pos_z.size() != assemble_object.count) && (assemble_object.pos_z.size() != 1))
-                    {
-                        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(error) << __FUNCTION__ << boost::format(": object %1%'s pos_z count %2% not equal to clone count %3%, also not equal to 1") % assemble_object.path % assemble_object.pos_z.size() % assemble_object.count;
-                        return AssembleListResult::ConfigError;
-                    }
-                }
-                if (object_json.contains(JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_PRINT_PARAMS)) {
-                    assemble_object.print_params = object_json[JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_PRINT_PARAMS].get<std::map<std::string, std::string>>();
-                    BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(debug) << boost::format("Plate %1%, object %2% has %3% print params") % (plate_index + 1) %assemble_object.path % assemble_object.print_params.size();
-                }
-                if (object_json.contains(JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_HEIGHT_RANGES)) {
-                    json height_range_json = object_json[JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_HEIGHT_RANGES];
-                    int range_count = height_range_json.size();
-
-                    BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(debug) << boost::format("Plate %1%, object %2% has %3% height ranges") % (plate_index + 1) %assemble_object.path % range_count;
-
-                    assemble_object.height_ranges.resize(range_count);
-                    for (int range_index = 0; range_index < range_count; range_index++)
-                    {
-                        height_range_info_t& height_range = assemble_object.height_ranges[range_index];
-                        height_range.min_z = height_range_json[range_index][JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_MIN_Z];
-                        height_range.max_z = height_range_json[range_index][JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_MAX_Z];
-                        height_range.range_params = height_range_json[range_index][JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_RANGE_PARAMS].get<std::map<std::string, std::string>>();
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-            if (plate_json.contains(JSON_ASSEMPLE_ASSEMBLE_PARAMS)) {
-                json assemble_params_json = plate_json[JSON_ASSEMPLE_ASSEMBLE_PARAMS];
-                int assemble_count = assemble_params_json.size();
-                for (int i = 0; i < assemble_count; i++)
-                {
-                    assembled_param_info_t assembled_param;
-                    int assemble_index = assemble_params_json[i][JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_ASSEMBLE_INDEX];
-                    if (assemble_params_json[i].contains(JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_PRINT_PARAMS)) {
-                        assembled_param.print_params = assemble_params_json[i][JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_PRINT_PARAMS].get<std::map<std::string, std::string>>();
-                        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(debug) << boost::format("Plate %1%, assemble object %2% has %3% print params") % (plate_index + 1) %i % assembled_param.print_params.size();
-                    }
-                    if (assemble_params_json[i].contains(JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_HEIGHT_RANGES)) {
-                        json height_range_json = assemble_params_json[i][JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_HEIGHT_RANGES];
-                        int range_count = height_range_json.size();
-
-                        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(debug) << boost::format("Plate %1%, assemble object %2% has %3% height ranges") % (plate_index + 1) %i % range_count;
-
-                        assembled_param.height_ranges.resize(range_count);
-                        for (int range_index = 0; range_index < range_count; range_index++)
-                        {
-                            height_range_info_t& height_range = assembled_param.height_ranges[range_index];
-                            height_range.min_z = height_range_json[range_index][JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_MIN_Z];
-                            height_range.max_z = height_range_json[range_index][JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_MAX_Z];
-                            height_range.range_params = height_range_json[range_index][JSON_ASSEMPLE_OBJECT_RANGE_PARAMS].get<std::map<std::string, std::string>>();
-                        }
-                    }
-                    assemble_plate.assembled_param_list.emplace(assemble_index, std::move(assembled_param));
-                }
-                BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(debug) << boost::format("Plate %1%, has %2% plate params") % (plate_index + 1)  % assemble_plate.plate_params.size();
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    catch(std::exception &err) {
-        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(error) << __FUNCTION__<< ": parse file "<<config_file<<" got a generic exception, reason = " << err.what();
-        ret = AssembleListResult::ConfigError;
-    }
-
-    return ret;
-}
-
-} // namespace Slic3r
@@ -1,60 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef slic3r_Format_AssembleList_hpp_
-#define slic3r_Format_AssembleList_hpp_
-
-#include <map>
-#include <string>
-#include <vector>
-
-namespace Slic3r {
-
-class ModelObject;
-
-typedef struct _height_range_info {
-    float         min_z;
-    float         max_z;
-
-    std::map<std::string, std::string> range_params;
-}height_range_info_t;
-
-typedef struct _assembled_param_info {
-    std::map<std::string, std::string> print_params;
-    std::vector<height_range_info_t> height_ranges;
-}assembled_param_info_t;
-
-typedef struct _assemble_object_info {
-    std::string         path;
-    int                 count;
-
-    std::vector<int>    filaments;
-    std::vector<int>    assemble_index;
-    std::vector<float>  pos_x;
-    std::vector<float>  pos_y;
-    std::vector<float>  pos_z;
-    std::map<std::string, std::string> print_params;
-    std::vector<height_range_info_t> height_ranges;
-}assemble_object_info_t;
-
-typedef struct _assemble_plate_info {
-    std::string         plate_name;
-    bool                need_arrange {false};
-    int                 filaments_count {0};
-
-    std::map<std::string, std::string> plate_params;
-    std::vector<assemble_object_info_t> assemble_obj_list;
-    std::vector<ModelObject *> loaded_obj_list;
-    std::map<int, assembled_param_info_t> assembled_param_list;
-}assemble_plate_info_t;
-
-enum class AssembleListResult {
-    Success,
-    FileNotFound,
-    // Malformed JSON, a missing required field, or a value that fails validation.
-    ConfigError
-};
-
-// Read the JSON assemble list used by the CLI's --load-assemble-list into one entry per plate.
-AssembleListResult load_assemble_plate_list(const std::string &config_file, std::vector<assemble_plate_info_t> &assemble_plate_info_list, int max_plate_count);
-
-} // namespace Slic3r
-
-#endif /* slic3r_Format_AssembleList_hpp_ */
@@ -806,13 +806,13 @@ static std::vector<Vec2d> get_path_of_change_filament(const Print& print)
        GCodeReader parser;
        parser.parse_buffer(gcode, [&changes](GCodeReader &parser, const GCodeReader::GCodeLine &line) {
            const std::string_view cmd = line.cmd();
-            if (ascii_iequals(cmd, "M204") || ascii_iequals(cmd, "M201") ||
-                ascii_iequals(cmd, "M202"))
+            if (boost::iequals(cmd, "M204") || boost::iequals(cmd, "M201") ||
+                boost::iequals(cmd, "M202"))
                changes.acceleration = true;
-            else if ((ascii_iequals(cmd, "M205") || ascii_iequals(cmd, "M207") || ascii_iequals(cmd, "M566")) &&
+            else if ((boost::iequals(cmd, "M205") || boost::iequals(cmd, "M207") || boost::iequals(cmd, "M566")) &&
                     custom_gcode_line_has_xy_parameter(line.raw()))
                changes.jerk = true;
-            else if (ascii_iequals(cmd, "SET_VELOCITY_LIMIT")) {
+            else if (boost::iequals(cmd, "SET_VELOCITY_LIMIT")) {
                changes.acceleration |= boost::icontains(line.raw(), "ACCEL=");
                changes.jerk         |= boost::icontains(line.raw(), "SQUARE_CORNER_VELOCITY=");
            }
@@ -41,9 +41,6 @@ AdaptivePAProcessor::AdaptivePAProcessor(GCode &gcodegen)
      m_pa_change_pattern(R"(; PA_CHANGE:T(\d+) MM3MM:([0-9]*\.[0-9]+) ACCEL:(\d+) BR:(\d+) RC:(\d+) OV:(\d+))"),
      m_g1_f_pattern(R"(G1 F([0-9]+))")
 {
-    const size_t indices = std::max(m_config.adaptive_pressure_advance.size(), m_config.enable_pressure_advance.size());
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < indices && !m_enabled; ++i)
-        m_enabled = m_config.adaptive_pressure_advance.get_at(i) && m_config.enable_pressure_advance.get_at(i);
 }

 // Method to get the interpolator for a specific filament config index.
@@ -69,12 +66,6 @@ AdaptivePAInterpolator* AdaptivePAProcessor::getInterpolator(unsigned int config
 * @return A string containing the processed G-code with adaptive pressure advance applied.
 */
 std::string AdaptivePAProcessor::process_layer(std::string &&gcode) {
-    // Without PA_CHANGE tags the loop below would only terminate the layer's last line.
-    if (!m_enabled && gcode.find("; PA_CHANGE") == std::string::npos) {
-        if (!gcode.empty() && gcode.back() != '\n')
-            gcode += '\n';
-        return std::move(gcode);
-    }
    std::istringstream stream(gcode);
    std::string line;
    std::ostringstream output;
@@ -78,7 +78,6 @@ private:
    double m_next_feedrate; ///< First feed rate (speed) for the upcomming island.
    double m_current_feedrate; ///< Current, latest feedrate.
    int m_last_config_index; ///< Filament config index of the last PA_CHANGE tag.
-    bool m_enabled{false}; ///< Whether any filament config index has both PA and adaptive PA on, the only ones that emit PA_CHANGE tags.

    std::regex m_pa_change_pattern; ///< Regular expression to detect PA_CHANGE pattern.
    std::regex m_g1_f_pattern; ///< Regular expression to detect G1 F pattern.
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 #include "../GCode.hpp"
-#include "../LocalesUtils.hpp"
 #include "libslic3r/Extruder.hpp"
 #include "libslic3r/Point.hpp"
 #include "libslic3r/libslic3r.h"
@@ -409,13 +408,13 @@ std::vector<PerExtruderAdjustments> CoolingBuffer::parse_layer_gcode(const std::
                if (*c == 0 || *c == ';')
                    break;

+                assert(is_decimal_separator_point()); // for atof
                //BBS: Parse the axis.
                size_t axis = (*c >= 'X' && *c <= 'Z') ? (*c - 'X') :
                              (*c == 'E') ? 3 : (*c == 'F') ? 4 :
                              (*c == 'I') ? 5 : (*c == 'J') ? 6 : size_t(-1);
                if (axis != size_t(-1)) {
-                    ++ c;
-                    new_pos[axis] = float(atof_decimal_point(std::string_view(c, sline.data() + sline.size() - c)));
+                    new_pos[axis] = float(atof(++c));
                    if (axis == 4) {
                        // Convert mm/min to mm/sec.
                        new_pos[4] /= 60.f;
@@ -551,9 +550,10 @@ std::vector<PerExtruderAdjustments> CoolingBuffer::parse_layer_gcode(const std::
            line.type = CoolingLine::TYPE_G4;
            size_t pos_S = sline.find('S', 3);
            size_t pos_P = sline.find('P', 3);
+            assert(is_decimal_separator_point()); // for atof
            line.time = line.time_max = float(
-                (pos_S > 0) ? atof_decimal_point(sline.c_str() + pos_S + 1) :
-                (pos_P > 0) ? atof_decimal_point(sline.c_str() + pos_P + 1) * 0.001 : 0.);
+                (pos_S > 0) ? atof(sline.c_str() + pos_S + 1) :
+                (pos_P > 0) ? atof(sline.c_str() + pos_P + 1) * 0.001 : 0.);
        } else if (boost::starts_with(sline, ";_FORCE_RESUME_FAN_SPEED")) {
            line.type = CoolingLine::TYPE_FORCE_RESUME_FAN;
        }
@@ -909,8 +909,8 @@ public:
    {
        // Orca: find start pos by seaching G28/G29/PRINT_START/START_PRINT commands
        auto is_start_pos = [](const std::string& curr_cmd) {
-            return ascii_iequals(curr_cmd, "G28") || ascii_iequals(curr_cmd, "G29") || ascii_iequals(curr_cmd, "PRINT_START") ||
-                   ascii_iequals(curr_cmd, "START_PRINT");
+            return boost::iequals(curr_cmd, "G28") || boost::iequals(curr_cmd, "G29") || boost::iequals(curr_cmd, "PRINT_START") ||
+                   boost::iequals(curr_cmd, "START_PRINT");
        };
        assert(!m_lines.empty());
        const float time_step           = backtrace.time_step();
@@ -1265,9 +1265,6 @@ void GCodeProcessor::run_post_process()
    // Process inline placeholders (print_time_total_sec, print_time_day, print_time_hour, print_time_minute, print_time_sec and used_filament_length)
    auto process_inline_placeholders = [&](std::string& gcode_line) {
        bool processed = false;
-        // Every inline placeholder contains '@', so a line without one has nothing to replace.
-        if (gcode_line.find('@') == std::string::npos)
-            return processed;

        const std::string& print_time_total_placeholder = reserved_tag(ETags::Print_Time_Total_Sec_Placeholder);
        const std::string& print_time_day_placeholder = reserved_tag(ETags::Print_Time_Day_Placeholder);
@@ -4010,13 +4007,13 @@ void GCodeProcessor::process_gcode_line(const GCodeReader::GCodeLine& line, bool
    const std::string_view cmd = line.cmd();
    if (m_flavor == gcfKlipper)
    {
-        if (ascii_iequals(cmd, "SET_VELOCITY_LIMIT"))
+        if (boost::iequals(cmd, "SET_VELOCITY_LIMIT"))
        {
            process_SET_VELOCITY_LIMIT(line);
            return;
        }
 // ORCA: Add Pressure Advance visualization support
-        if (ascii_iequals(cmd, "SET_PRESSURE_ADVANCE"))
+        if (boost::iequals(cmd, "SET_PRESSURE_ADVANCE"))
        {
            process_SET_PRESSURE_ADVANCE(line);
            return;
@@ -7554,72 +7551,51 @@ void GCodeProcessor::calculate_time(GCodeProcessorResult& result, size_t keep_la
            actual_speed_moves = std::move(machine.actual_speed_moves);
    }

-    // actual_speed_moves holds, per block in move order, the moves to insert before the block's move and then an
-    // entry without a position for that move; positioned entries after the last such entry are dropped.
-    std::vector<GCodeProcessorResult::MoveVertex>& moves = result.moves;
-    size_t inserted_actual_speed_moves_count = 0;
-    size_t kept                              = 0;
-    size_t group_start                       = 0;
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < actual_speed_moves.size(); ++i) {
-        if (actual_speed_moves[i].position.has_value())
-            continue;
-        const unsigned int move_id = actual_speed_moves[i].move_id;
-        // A VG1 block has no move of its own, so its id can fall behind the previous block's or point past the list.
-        if (move_id < moves.size() && (kept == 0 || move_id > actual_speed_moves[kept - 1].move_id)) {
-            inserted_actual_speed_moves_count += i - group_start;
-            moves[move_id].actual_feedrate = actual_speed_moves[i].actual_feedrate;
-            // A seam vertex right after a block's move shares its actual speed.
-            if (move_id + 1 < moves.size() && moves[move_id + 1].type == EMoveType::Seam)
-                moves[move_id + 1].actual_feedrate = actual_speed_moves[i].actual_feedrate;
-            for (size_t j = group_start; j <= i; ++j, ++kept)
-                if (kept != j)
-                    actual_speed_moves[kept] = std::move(actual_speed_moves[j]);
-        }
-        group_start = i + 1;
-    }
-    actual_speed_moves.erase(actual_speed_moves.begin() + kept, actual_speed_moves.end());
-
-    // Walks the blocks back to front, so each shifted move is moved once, into its final slot.
-    size_t read  = moves.size(); // one past the last move not yet placed
-    moves.resize(moves.size() + inserted_actual_speed_moves_count);
-    size_t write = moves.size(); // one past the last free slot
-    m_actual_speed_id_map.clear();
-    size_t entry = actual_speed_moves.size();
-    while (entry > 0) {
-        const unsigned int block_id = actual_speed_moves[--entry].move_id;
-        assert(block_id < read);
-        while (read > block_id + 1)
-            moves[--write] = moves[--read];
-        const GCodeProcessorResult::MoveVertex block_move = moves[--read];
-        moves[--write] = block_move;
-        m_actual_speed_id_map.emplace_back(block_id, (unsigned int)write);
-        for (; entry > 0 && actual_speed_moves[entry - 1].position.has_value(); --entry) {
-            const TimeMachine::ActualSpeedMove& it = actual_speed_moves[entry - 1];
-            GCodeProcessorResult::MoveVertex new_move = block_move;
+    // insert actual speed moves into the move list
+    unsigned int inserted_actual_speed_moves_count = 0;
+    std::vector<GCodeProcessorResult::MoveVertex> new_moves;
+    std::map<unsigned int, unsigned int> id_map;
+    for (auto it = actual_speed_moves.begin(); it != actual_speed_moves.end(); ++it) {
+        const unsigned int base_id = it->move_id + inserted_actual_speed_moves_count;
+        if (it->position.has_value()) {
+            // insert actual speed move into the move list
+            // clone from existing move
+            GCodeProcessorResult::MoveVertex new_move = result.moves[base_id];
+            // override modified parameters
            new_move.time = { 0.0f, 0.0f };
-            new_move.position = *it.position;
-            new_move.actual_feedrate = it.actual_feedrate;
-            new_move.delta_extruder = *it.delta_extruder;
-            new_move.feedrate = *it.feedrate;
-            new_move.width = *it.width;
-            new_move.height = *it.height;
-            new_move.mm3_per_mm = *it.mm3_per_mm;
-            new_move.fan_speed = *it.fan_speed;
-            new_move.temperature = *it.temperature;
+            new_move.position = *it->position;
+            new_move.actual_feedrate = it->actual_feedrate;
+            new_move.delta_extruder = *it->delta_extruder;
+            new_move.feedrate = *it->feedrate;
+            new_move.width = *it->width;
+            new_move.height = *it->height;
+            new_move.mm3_per_mm = *it->mm3_per_mm;
+            new_move.fan_speed = *it->fan_speed;
+            new_move.temperature = *it->temperature;
            new_move.internal_only = true;
-            moves[--write] = new_move;
+            new_moves.push_back(new_move);
+        }
+        else {
+            result.moves.insert(result.moves.begin() + base_id, new_moves.begin(), new_moves.end());
+            id_map[it->move_id] = base_id + new_moves.size();
+            // update move actual speed
+            result.moves[base_id + new_moves.size()].actual_feedrate = it->actual_feedrate;
+            inserted_actual_speed_moves_count += new_moves.size();
+            // synchronize seams actual speed
+            if (base_id + new_moves.size() + 1 < result.moves.size()) {
+                GCodeProcessorResult::MoveVertex& move = result.moves[base_id + new_moves.size() + 1];
+                if (move.type == EMoveType::Seam)
+                    move.actual_feedrate = it->actual_feedrate;
+            }
+            new_moves.clear();
        }
    }
-    assert(read == write);

    // synchronize blocks' move_ids with after moves for actual speed insertion
-    std::reverse(m_actual_speed_id_map.begin(), m_actual_speed_id_map.end());
    for (size_t i = 0; i < static_cast<size_t>(PrintEstimatedStatistics::ETimeMode::Count); ++i) {
        for (GCodeProcessor::TimeBlock& block : m_time_processor.machines[i].blocks) {
-            auto it = std::lower_bound(m_actual_speed_id_map.begin(), m_actual_speed_id_map.end(), block.move_id,
-                                       [](const std::pair<unsigned int, unsigned int>& entry, unsigned int id) { return entry.first < id; });
-            block.move_id = (it != m_actual_speed_id_map.end() && it->first == block.move_id) ?
-                                it->second : block.move_id + (unsigned int)inserted_actual_speed_moves_count;
+            auto it = id_map.find(block.move_id);
+            block.move_id = (it != id_map.end()) ? it->second : block.move_id + inserted_actual_speed_moves_count;
        }
    }
 }
@@ -337,57 +337,54 @@ class Print;

        //BBS: add mutex for protection of gcode result
        mutable std::mutex result_mutex;
-        GCodeProcessorResult& operator=(const GCodeProcessorResult &other) { assign(other); return *this; }
-        // Declared because the user-declared copy assignment suppresses the implicit move.
-        GCodeProcessorResult& operator=(GCodeProcessorResult &&other) { assign(std::move(other)); return *this; }
-        // Add a new member here, or neither assignment transfers it.
-        template<class Other> void assign(Other &&other)
+        GCodeProcessorResult& operator=(const GCodeProcessorResult &other)
        {
-            filename = std::forward<Other>(other).filename;
-            id = std::forward<Other>(other).id;
-            moves = std::forward<Other>(other).moves;
-            lines_ends = std::forward<Other>(other).lines_ends;
-            printable_area = std::forward<Other>(other).printable_area;
-            bed_exclude_area = std::forward<Other>(other).bed_exclude_area;
-            wrapping_exclude_area = std::forward<Other>(other).wrapping_exclude_area;
-            toolpath_outside = std::forward<Other>(other).toolpath_outside;
-            label_object_enabled = std::forward<Other>(other).label_object_enabled;
-            long_retraction_when_cut = std::forward<Other>(other).long_retraction_when_cut;
-            timelapse_warning_code = std::forward<Other>(other).timelapse_warning_code;
-            printable_height = std::forward<Other>(other).printable_height;
-            settings_ids = std::forward<Other>(other).settings_ids;
-            filaments_count = std::forward<Other>(other).filaments_count;
-            extruder_colors = std::forward<Other>(other).extruder_colors;
-            filament_diameters = std::forward<Other>(other).filament_diameters;
-            filament_densities = std::forward<Other>(other).filament_densities;
-            filament_costs = std::forward<Other>(other).filament_costs;
-            print_statistics = std::forward<Other>(other).print_statistics;
-            custom_gcode_per_print_z = std::forward<Other>(other).custom_gcode_per_print_z;
-            spiral_vase_mode = std::forward<Other>(other).spiral_vase_mode;
-            warnings = std::forward<Other>(other).warnings;
-            bed_type = std::forward<Other>(other).bed_type;
-            gcode_check_result = std::forward<Other>(other).gcode_check_result;
-            limit_filament_maps = std::forward<Other>(other).limit_filament_maps;
-            filament_printable_reuslt = std::forward<Other>(other).filament_printable_reuslt;
+            filename = other.filename;
+            id = other.id;
+            moves = other.moves;
+            lines_ends = other.lines_ends;
+            printable_area = other.printable_area;
+            bed_exclude_area = other.bed_exclude_area;
+            wrapping_exclude_area = other.wrapping_exclude_area;
+            toolpath_outside = other.toolpath_outside;
+            label_object_enabled = other.label_object_enabled;
+            long_retraction_when_cut = other.long_retraction_when_cut;
+            timelapse_warning_code = other.timelapse_warning_code;
+            printable_height = other.printable_height;
+            settings_ids = other.settings_ids;
+            filaments_count = other.filaments_count;
+            extruder_colors = other.extruder_colors;
+            filament_diameters = other.filament_diameters;
+            filament_densities = other.filament_densities;
+            filament_costs = other.filament_costs;
+            print_statistics = other.print_statistics;
+            custom_gcode_per_print_z = other.custom_gcode_per_print_z;
+            spiral_vase_mode = other.spiral_vase_mode;
+            warnings = other.warnings;
+            bed_type = other.bed_type;
+            gcode_check_result = other.gcode_check_result;
+            limit_filament_maps = other.limit_filament_maps;
+            filament_printable_reuslt = other.filament_printable_reuslt;
            // Orca: copy the shared grouping result so a copied result keeps it (shared_ptr =>
            // memory-safe), rather than leaving a stale pointer on the target. No g-code effect either way.
-            nozzle_group_result = std::forward<Other>(other).nozzle_group_result;
+            nozzle_group_result = other.nozzle_group_result;
            // Keep the per-extruder hotend types on a copied result (injector input).
-            extruder_types = std::forward<Other>(other).extruder_types;
-            printer_extruder_variant = std::forward<Other>(other).printer_extruder_variant;
-            printer_extruder_id = std::forward<Other>(other).printer_extruder_id;
-            layer_filaments = std::forward<Other>(other).layer_filaments;
-            filament_change_sequence = std::forward<Other>(other).filament_change_sequence;
-            used_mixed_filaments = std::forward<Other>(other).used_mixed_filaments;
-            nozzle_change_sequence = std::forward<Other>(other).nozzle_change_sequence;
-            optimal_assignment = std::forward<Other>(other).optimal_assignment;
-            filament_change_count_map = std::forward<Other>(other).filament_change_count_map;
+            extruder_types = other.extruder_types;
+            printer_extruder_variant = other.printer_extruder_variant;
+            printer_extruder_id = other.printer_extruder_id;
+            layer_filaments = other.layer_filaments;
+            filament_change_sequence = other.filament_change_sequence;
+            used_mixed_filaments = other.used_mixed_filaments;
+            nozzle_change_sequence = other.nozzle_change_sequence;
+            optimal_assignment = other.optimal_assignment;
+            filament_change_count_map = other.filament_change_count_map;
            // Keep the SKIPPABLE per-type time on a copied result.
-            skippable_part_time = std::forward<Other>(other).skippable_part_time;
-            initial_layer_time = std::forward<Other>(other).initial_layer_time;
+            skippable_part_time = other.skippable_part_time;
+            initial_layer_time = other.initial_layer_time;
 #if ENABLE_GCODE_VIEWER_STATISTICS
-            time = std::forward<Other>(other).time;
+            time = other.time;
 #endif
+            return *this;
        }
        void  lock() const { result_mutex.lock(); }
        void  unlock() const { result_mutex.unlock(); }
@@ -1219,9 +1216,6 @@ class Print;
        EProducer m_producer;

        TimeProcessor m_time_processor;
-        // calculate_time()'s map from each block's move id to its index after the actual speed moves are inserted,
-        // a member to reuse its capacity.
-        std::vector<std::pair<unsigned int, unsigned int>> m_actual_speed_id_map;
        UsedFilaments m_used_filaments;

        Print* m_print{ nullptr };
@@ -465,31 +465,32 @@ std::string GCodeWriter::set_accel_and_jerk(unsigned int acceleration, double je
    if (EXTRUDER_LIMIT(m_max_acceleration) > 0 && acceleration > EXTRUDER_LIMIT(m_max_acceleration))
        acceleration = EXTRUDER_LIMIT(m_max_acceleration);
    
+    bool is_empty = true;
+    std::ostringstream gcode;
+    gcode << "SET_VELOCITY_LIMIT";
+    if (acceleration != 0 && acceleration != m_last_acceleration) {
+        gcode << " ACCEL=" << acceleration;
+        if (this->config.accel_to_decel_enable) {
+            gcode << " ACCEL_TO_DECEL=" << acceleration * this->config.accel_to_decel_factor / 100;
+        }
+        m_last_acceleration = acceleration;
+        is_empty = false;
+    }
    // Clamp the jerk to the allowed maximum.
    if (EXTRUDER_LIMIT(m_max_jerk_x) > 0 && jerk > EXTRUDER_LIMIT(m_max_jerk_x))
        jerk = EXTRUDER_LIMIT(m_max_jerk_x);
    if (EXTRUDER_LIMIT(m_max_jerk_y) > 0 && jerk > EXTRUDER_LIMIT(m_max_jerk_y))
        jerk = EXTRUDER_LIMIT(m_max_jerk_y);

-    const bool set_acceleration = acceleration != 0 && acceleration != m_last_acceleration;
-    const bool set_jerk         = jerk > 0.01 && !is_approx(jerk, m_last_jerk);
-    if (!set_acceleration && !set_jerk)
-        return std::string();
-
-    std::ostringstream gcode;
-    gcode << "SET_VELOCITY_LIMIT";
-    if (set_acceleration) {
-        gcode << " ACCEL=" << acceleration;
-        if (this->config.accel_to_decel_enable) {
-            gcode << " ACCEL_TO_DECEL=" << acceleration * this->config.accel_to_decel_factor / 100;
-        }
-        m_last_acceleration = acceleration;
-    }
-    if (set_jerk) {
+    if (jerk > 0.01 && !is_approx(jerk, m_last_jerk)) {
        gcode << " SQUARE_CORNER_VELOCITY=" << jerk;
        m_last_jerk = jerk;
+        is_empty = false;
    }

+    if(is_empty)
+        return std::string();
+
    if (GCodeWriter::full_gcode_comment)
        gcode << " ; adjust VELOCITY_LIMIT(accel/jerk)";
    gcode << "\n";
@@ -84,19 +84,6 @@ double string_to_double_decimal_point(const std::string_view str, size_t* pos /*
    return out;
 }

-double atof_decimal_point(std::string_view str)
-{
-    size_t i = 0;
-    while (i < str.size() && (str[i] == ' ' || (str[i] >= '\t' && str[i] <= '\r')))
-        ++i;
-    if (i < str.size() && str[i] == '+') {
-        ++i;
-        if (i < str.size() && str[i] == '-')
-            return 0.;
-    }
-    return string_to_double_decimal_point(str.substr(i));
-}
-
 std::string float_to_string_decimal_point(double value, int precision/* = -1*/)
 {
    // Our Windows build server fully supports C++17 std::to_chars. Let's use it.
@@ -48,9 +48,6 @@ bool is_decimal_separator_point();
 std::string float_to_string_decimal_point(double value, int precision = -1);
 //std::string float_to_string_decimal_point(float value,  int precision = -1);
 double string_to_double_decimal_point(const std::string_view str, size_t* pos = nullptr);
-// Parses like atof in the C locale, skipping leading whitespace and a '+',
-// without the C runtime's per-call locale lookup.
-double atof_decimal_point(std::string_view str);

 } // namespace Slic3r

@@ -5310,7 +5310,7 @@ static void apply_receiver_mix_relocations(DynamicPrintConfig&


 //convert the old filament preset to new one after split
-void PresetBundle::convert_filament_preset_name(const std::string& machine_name, std::string& filament_name)
+static void convert_filament_preset_name(std::string& machine_name, std::string& filament_name)
 {
    auto machine_iter = filament_preset_convert.find(machine_name);
    if (machine_iter != filament_preset_convert.end())
@@ -247,9 +247,6 @@ public:
    // Keys a project keeps when its presets are loaded: those listed in its escaped
    // "different_settings_to_system" entry for the preset, plus the preset bookkeeping keys.
    static std::set<std::string> project_different_keys(const std::string &different_settings);
-    // A project filament saved under a name the current presets split per nozzle (e.g. H2D 0.6) is loaded from
-    // the preset that now holds its values.
-    static void convert_filament_preset_name(const std::string& machine_name, std::string& filament_name);

    PresetBundle();
    PresetBundle(const PresetBundle &rhs);
@@ -25,8 +25,6 @@
 #include <initializer_list>
 #include <string_view>
 #include <regex>
-#include <string_view>
-#include <algorithm>

 #include <boost/system/error_code.hpp>
 #include <boost/algorithm/string.hpp>
@@ -304,14 +302,6 @@ extern bool is_absolute_path_within_root(const boost::filesystem::path &path, co
 // Anything unknown is not safe.
 extern bool is_safe_to_open_file_name(const std::string &file_name);

-// Case-insensitive compare against a fixed ASCII keyword, without boost::iequals, whose
-// std::locale() takes a lock the whole process shares in the MSVC runtime.
-inline bool ascii_iequals(std::string_view a, std::string_view b)
-{
-    auto lower = [](char c) { return (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z') ? char(c - 'A' + 'a') : c; };
-    return a.size() == b.size() && std::equal(a.begin(), a.end(), b.begin(), [&lower](char x, char y) { return lower(x) == lower(y); });
-}
-
 // Orca: custom protocal support utils
 inline bool is_orca_open(const std::string& url) { return boost::starts_with(url, "orcaslicer://open"); }
 inline bool is_prusaslicer_open(const std::string& url) { return boost::starts_with(url, "prusaslicer://open"); }
@@ -782,8 +782,12 @@ set(SLIC3R_GUI_SOURCES
    Utils/ICameraSignalingChannel.hpp
    Utils/OrcaCloudServiceAgent.cpp
    Utils/OrcaCloudServiceAgent.hpp
+    Utils/OrcaMqttConnection.cpp
+    Utils/OrcaMqttConnection.hpp
    Utils/OrcaPrinterAgent.cpp
    Utils/OrcaPrinterAgent.hpp
+    Utils/OrcaCloudSignalingChannel.cpp
+    Utils/OrcaCloudSignalingChannel.hpp
    Utils/QidiPrinterAgent.cpp
    Utils/QidiPrinterAgent.hpp
    Utils/SnapmakerPrinterAgent.cpp
@@ -924,7 +928,7 @@ target_include_directories(libslic3r_gui PRIVATE Utils ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DI

 if (WIN32)
    target_include_directories(libslic3r_gui SYSTEM PRIVATE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../../deps/WebView2/include)
-    target_link_libraries(libslic3r_gui Advapi32)
+    target_link_libraries(libslic3r_gui Advapi32 Crypt32)
 endif()

 source_group(TREE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR} FILES ${SLIC3R_GUI_SOURCES})
@@ -7,16 +7,17 @@
 #include "json_diff.hpp"
 #include "slic3r/GUI/DeviceManager.hpp"
 #include "slic3r/GUI/I18N.hpp"
-
 #include "libslic3r/libslic3r.h"
 #include "libslic3r/Utils.hpp"
 #include "slic3r/GUI/DeviceCore/DevDefs.h"
 #include "libslic3r/PrintConfig.hpp"
+#include "libslic3r/CommonDefs.hpp"
+#include "slic3r/GUI/DeviceCore/DevFirmware.h"
+#include "slic3r/GUI/GUI_App.hpp"
+
 #include <boost/log/trivial.hpp>
 #include <wx/string.h>
 #include <string>
-#include "libslic3r/CommonDefs.hpp"
-#include "slic3r/GUI/DeviceCore/DevFirmware.h"
 #include <cassert>
 #include <memory>
 #include <map>
@@ -174,34 +175,48 @@ DevFirmwareVersionInfo DevNozzle::GetFirmwareInfo() const
 int DevNozzle::GetLogicExtruderId() const
 {
    int total_ext_count = GetTotalExtruderCount();
-    if (total_ext_count == 1) {
-        return LOGIC_UNIQUE_EXTRUDER_ID;
-    } else if (total_ext_count == 2) {
-        if (AtLeftExtruder()) {
-            return LOGIC_L_EXTRUDER_ID;
-        } else if (AtRightExtruder()) {
-            return LOGIC_R_EXTRUDER_ID;
+
+    if (GUI::wxGetApp().preset_bundle->is_bbl_vendor()) {
+        if (total_ext_count == 1) {
+            return LOGIC_UNIQUE_EXTRUDER_ID;
+        } else if (total_ext_count == 2) {
+            if (AtLeftExtruder()) {
+                return LOGIC_L_EXTRUDER_ID;
+            } else if (AtRightExtruder()) {
+                return LOGIC_R_EXTRUDER_ID;
+            }
        }
+
+        assert(0);
+        return LOGIC_UNIQUE_EXTRUDER_ID;
    }

-    assert(0);
-    return LOGIC_UNIQUE_EXTRUDER_ID;
+    // For some reason, BBL's logical extruder ID is inverted:
+    // physical extruder id = 0 (MAIN_EXTRUDER_ID) vs logical extruder id = 1 (LOGIC_R_EXTRUDER_ID)
+    // Likely because logical id reads from left to right (left = 0, right = 1)
+    // For generic N extruders, this inversion does not apply.
+    if (IsOnRack()) return INVALID_EXTRUDER_ID;
+    return m_nozzle_id;
 }

 int DevNozzle::GetExtruderId() const
 {
-    int total_ext_count = GetTotalExtruderCount();
-    if (total_ext_count == 1) {
-        return MAIN_EXTRUDER_ID;
-    } else if (total_ext_count == 2) {
-        if (AtRightExtruder()) {
+    if (GUI::wxGetApp().preset_bundle->is_bbl_vendor()) {
+        int total_ext_count = GetTotalExtruderCount();
+        if (total_ext_count == 1) {
            return MAIN_EXTRUDER_ID;
-        } else if (AtLeftExtruder()) {
-            return DEPUTY_EXTRUDER_ID;
+        } else if (total_ext_count == 2) {
+            if (AtRightExtruder()) {
+                return MAIN_EXTRUDER_ID;
+            } else if (AtLeftExtruder()) {
+                return DEPUTY_EXTRUDER_ID;
+            }
        }
+    
+        return MAIN_EXTRUDER_ID;
    }

-    return MAIN_EXTRUDER_ID;
+    return m_nozzle_id;
 }

 bool DevNozzle::AtLeftExtruder() const
@@ -1272,19 +1272,24 @@ int MachineObject::get_bed_temperature_limit()

 bool MachineObject::is_filament_installed()
 {
-    if (m_extder_system->GetTotalExtderCount() > 0) {
-        // right//or single
-        auto ext = m_extder_system->m_extders[MAIN_EXTRUDER_ID];
-        if (ext.m_ext_has_filament) {
+    // if (m_extder_system->GetTotalExtderCount() > 0) {
+    //     // right//or single
+    //     auto ext = m_extder_system->m_extders[MAIN_EXTRUDER_ID];
+    //     if (ext.m_ext_has_filament) {
+    //         return true;
+    //     }
+    // }
+    // /*left*/
+    // if (m_extder_system->GetTotalExtderCount() > 1) {
+    //     auto ext = m_extder_system->m_extders[DEPUTY_EXTRUDER_ID];
+    //     if (ext.m_ext_has_filament) {
+    //         return true;
+    //     }
+    // }
+
+    for (auto& ext : m_extder_system->m_extders) {
+        if (ext.m_ext_has_filament)
            return true;
-        }
-    }
-    /*left*/
-    if (m_extder_system->GetTotalExtderCount() > 1) {
-        auto ext = m_extder_system->m_extders[DEPUTY_EXTRUDER_ID];
-        if (ext.m_ext_has_filament) {
-            return true;
-        }
    }
    return false;
 }
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 #ifndef slic3r_StatusPanel_hpp_
 #define slic3r_StatusPanel_hpp_

+#include <vector>
+
 #include "libslic3r/ProjectTask.hpp"
 #include "DeviceManager.hpp"
 #include "MonitorPage.hpp"
@@ -9,7 +11,6 @@
 #include "GUI.hpp"
 #include "ThermalPreconditioningDialog.hpp"
 #include <string>
-#include <vector>
 #include <set>
 #include <utility>
 #include <functional>
@@ -66,6 +67,7 @@
 #include "StagedBuild.hpp"

 class StepIndicator;
+class wxChoice;

 #define COMMAND_TIMEOUT         5

@@ -140,28 +142,35 @@ class ExtruderImage : public wxWindow
    ScalableBitmap *m_left_extruder_active_empty;
    ScalableBitmap *m_left_extruder_unactive_filled;
    ScalableBitmap *m_left_extruder_unactive_empty;
+
    ScalableBitmap *m_right_extruder_active_filled;
    ScalableBitmap *m_right_extruder_active_empty;
    ScalableBitmap *m_right_extruder_unactive_filled;
    ScalableBitmap *m_right_extruder_unactive_empty;
-
+    
    ScalableBitmap *m_extruder_single_nozzle_empty_load;
    ScalableBitmap *m_extruder_single_nozzle_empty_unload;
    ScalableBitmap *m_extruder_single_nozzle_filled_load;
    ScalableBitmap *m_extruder_single_nozzle_filled_unload;
-
+    
    ExtruderState m_left_ext_state   = {ExtruderState::EMPTY_LOAD};
    ExtruderState m_right_ext_state  = {ExtruderState::EMPTY_LOAD};
    ExtruderState m_single_ext_state = {ExtruderState::EMPTY_LOAD};
+    std::vector<ExtruderState> m_multi_extruder_states;
+    bool m_generic_nozzle_display{false};

 public:
    void update(int nozzle_num, int nozzle_id);
    void update(ExtruderState single_state);
    void update(ExtruderState right_state, ExtruderState left_state);

+    void update(ExtruderState state, int idx);
+
    void msw_rescale();
    void setExtruderCount(int nozzle_num);
+    void setGenericNozzleDisplay(bool enabled);
    void setExtruderUsed(std::string loc);
+    void setExtruderUsed(int nozzle_idx);
    void paintEvent(wxPaintEvent &evt);

    void     render(wxDC &dc);
@@ -495,6 +504,8 @@ protected:
    std::vector<ExtruderImage *> m_extruderImage;

    SwitchBoard *   m_nozzle_btn_panel;
+    wxChoice*       m_generic_nozzle_selector{nullptr};
+    int             m_generic_nozzle_selector_count{0};

    wxStaticText *  m_text_tasklist_caption;

@@ -507,10 +518,18 @@ protected:
    wxBoxSizer *    m_misc_ctrl_sizer;
    StaticBox*      m_fan_panel;
    StaticLine *    m_line_nozzle;
-    TempInput*      m_tempCtrl_nozzle;
+    wxWindowID      m_nozzle_temp_control_id{wxID_ANY};
+    wxWindow*       m_temp_nozzle_parent{nullptr};
+    wxBoxSizer*     m_temp_nozzle_sizer{nullptr};
+    size_t          m_temp_nozzle_active_count{0};
+    TempInput*      m_tempCtrl_nozzle{nullptr};
    int             m_temp_nozzle_timeout{ 0 };
-    TempInput*      m_tempCtrl_nozzle_deputy;
+    TempInput*      m_tempCtrl_nozzle_deputy{nullptr};
    int             m_temp_nozzle_deputy_timeout{ 0 };
+
+    std::vector<TempInput*> m_tempCtrl_nozzles;
+    std::vector<int> m_temp_nozzle_timeouts;
+
    TempInput *     m_tempCtrl_bed;
    int             m_temp_bed_timeout {0};
    TempInput *     m_tempCtrl_chamber;
@@ -626,6 +645,9 @@ public:

    wxBoxSizer *create_temp_axis_group(wxWindow *parent);
    wxBoxSizer *create_temp_control(wxWindow *parent);
+    TempInput* create_nozzle_temp_control(wxWindow *parent, wxWindowID id);
+    void set_temp_input_colors(TempInput* temp_ctrl);
+    void ensure_nozzle_temp_controls(size_t count);
    wxBoxSizer *create_misc_control(wxWindow *parent);
    wxBoxSizer *create_axis_control(wxWindow *parent);
    wxPanel *create_bed_control(wxWindow *parent);
@@ -656,6 +678,7 @@ private:
    friend class MonitorPanel;
    void wire_controls();
    bool load_thumbnail_from_url(const wxString &url, MachineObject *obj);
+    void sync_nozzle_temp_controls(size_t count);

 protected:
    std::shared_ptr<SliceInfoPopup> m_slice_info_popup;
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
 #include <memory>
 #include <exception>
 #include "slic3r/GUI/Event.hpp"
-#include "slic3r/GUI/Plater.hpp"
 #include <set>
 #include <ostream>
 #include <iterator>
@@ -863,14 +863,21 @@ void MultiNozzleStatusTable::UpdateRackInfo(std::weak_ptr<DevNozzleRack> rack)
        bool has_right = false;
        for (auto& elem : nozzles_in_extruder) {
            auto& nozzle = elem.second;
-            int extruder_id = nozzle.AtLeftExtruder() ? 0 : 1;
-            if (nozzle.AtRightExtruder())
-                has_right = true;
+
+            int extruder_id{};
+            if (wxGetApp().preset_bundle->is_bbl_vendor()) {
+                extruder_id = nozzle.AtLeftExtruder() ? 0 : 1;
+                if (nozzle.AtRightExtruder())
+                    has_right = true;
+            }
+            else
+                extruder_id = nozzle.GetExtruderId();

            NozzleVolumeType volume_type = DevNozzle::ToNozzleVolumeType(nozzle.m_nozzle_flow);

            m_badge->SetExtruderInfo(extruder_id, format_diameter_to_str(nozzle.GetNozzleDiameter()), volume_type);
        }
+        // TODO: Update for N extruders
        m_badge->SetExtruderValid(has_right);
    }
 }
@@ -185,6 +185,9 @@ void TempInput::SetFinish()
    wxCommandEvent event(wxCUSTOMEVT_SET_TEMP_FINISH);
    event.SetInt(temp_type);
    event.SetString(wxString::Format("%d", m_input_type));
+    // N-extruder temp controls all share TEMP_OF_NORMAL_TYPE, so the string payload above can't
+    // tell them apart; carry widget identity so the listener can find which one fired.
+    event.SetEventObject(this);
    wxPostEvent(this->GetParent(), event);
 }

@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@
 #include "BBLNetworkPlugin.hpp"
 #include "IPrinterAgent.hpp"
 #include "NetworkAgentFactory.hpp"
-#include "NetworkAgent.hpp"
 #include "bambu_networking.hpp"
 #include "libslic3r/Utils.hpp"
+#include "NetworkAgent.hpp"
 #include "slic3r/GUI/GUI_App.hpp"
 #include "slic3r/GUI/DeviceCore/DevManager.h"

@@ -14,8 +14,6 @@
 #include <exception>
 #include <functional>
 #include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
-#include <cmath>
-#include <slic3r/GUI/DeviceManager.hpp>
 #include <string>
 #include <utility>
 #include <vector>
@@ -24,6 +22,8 @@ using json = nlohmann::json;
 #include <type_traits>
 #include <unordered_map>
 #include <memory>
+#include <cmath>
+#include <slic3r/GUI/DeviceManager.hpp>

 namespace Slic3r {

@@ -203,8 +203,9 @@ int BBLPrinterAgent::command_axis_control(std::string dev_id, std::string axis,
        int dir = input_val > 0 ? 1 : -1;
        // i3-arch printers move the bed for Y/Z, so the on-screen direction is
        // reversed -- same negation the g-code fallback below applies.
-        if (!is_core_xy && (axis == "Y" || axis == "Z"))
+        if (!is_core_xy && (axis == "Y" || axis == "Z")) {
            dir = -dir;
+        }

        j["print"]["command"] = "xyz_ctrl";
        j["print"]["axis"] = axis;
@@ -214,8 +215,9 @@ int BBLPrinterAgent::command_axis_control(std::string dev_id, std::string axis,
    }

    double value = input_val;
-    if (!is_core_xy && (axis == "Y" || axis == "Z"))
-        value = -input_val;
+    if (!is_core_xy && (axis == "Y" || axis == "Z")) {
+        value = -1.0 * input_val;
+    }

    std::string value_str = (boost::format("%.1f") % (value * unit)).str();
    std::string gcode;
@@ -236,10 +238,11 @@ int BBLPrinterAgent::command_axis_control(std::string dev_id, std::string axis,
 int BBLPrinterAgent::publish(const std::string& dev_id, const nlohmann::json& j, bool lan_mode)
 {
    const int rtn = lan_mode ? send_message_to_printer(dev_id, j.dump(), 0, 0) : send_message(dev_id, j.dump(), 0, 0);
-    if (rtn == 0)
+    if (rtn == 0) {
        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info) << "publish_json: " << j.dump() << " code: " << rtn;
-    else
+    } else {
        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(error) << "publish_json: " << j.dump() << " code: " << rtn;
+    }
    return rtn;
 }

@@ -585,8 +588,15 @@ int BBLPrinterAgent::start_local_print_with_record(PrintParams params, OnUpdateS

 int BBLPrinterAgent::start_send_gcode_to_sdcard(PrintParams params, OnUpdateStatusFn update_fn, WasCancelledFn cancel_fn, OnWaitFn wait_fn)
 {
-    return dispatch_start<func_start_send_gcode_to_sdcard_legacy, func_start_send_gcode_to_sdcard_0203>(
+    int result = dispatch_start<func_start_send_gcode_to_sdcard_legacy, func_start_send_gcode_to_sdcard_0203>(
        BBLNetworkPlugin::instance().get_start_send_gcode_to_sdcard(), params, update_fn, cancel_fn, wait_fn);
+    if (result != 0) {
+        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(error) << "start_send_gcode_to_sdcard failed: result=" << result
+            << ", try_emmc_print=" << params.try_emmc_print
+            << ", legacy_mode=" << BBLNetworkPlugin::instance().use_legacy_network()
+            << ", dev_ip=" << params.dev_ip << ", dev_id=" << params.dev_id;
+    }
+    return result;
 }

 int BBLPrinterAgent::start_local_print(PrintParams params, OnUpdateStatusFn update_fn, WasCancelledFn cancel_fn)
@@ -109,6 +109,7 @@ public:
    static std::string from_orca_payload(std::string json_text);

 private:
+    // why: the lan/cloud DECISION stays machine-side; keep this mechanical branch in sync with publish_json.
    int publish(const std::string& dev_id, const nlohmann::json& j, bool lan_mode);
 };

@@ -289,8 +289,11 @@ bool CrealityPrintAgent::parse_cfs_response(const std::string&    response,
    return true;
 }

-bool CrealityPrintAgent::fetch_filament_info(std::string dev_id, FilamentSyncMode /*sync_mode*/)
+bool CrealityPrintAgent::fetch_filament_info(std::string dev_id, FilamentSyncMode sync_mode)
 {
+    if (sync_mode != get_filament_sync_mode())
+        return false;
+
    if (device_info.dev_ip.empty()) {
        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(warning)
            << "CrealityPrintAgent::fetch_filament_info: no device IP, falling back to base agent";
@@ -31,8 +31,19 @@
 #include <curl/curl.h>
 #include <utility>

-#ifdef OPENSSL_CERT_OVERRIDE
+#include <openssl/err.h>
+#include <openssl/ssl.h>
 #include <openssl/x509.h>
+#include <openssl/x509err.h>
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#    ifndef NOMINMAX
+#        define NOMINMAX
+#    endif
+#    include <windows.h>
+#    include <wincrypt.h>
+// wincrypt.h uses this token for a certificate-name property identifier.
+#    undef X509_NAME
 #endif

 namespace fs = boost::filesystem;
@@ -956,6 +967,45 @@ std::string Http::tls_system_cert_store()
    return ret;
 }

+void Http::add_platform_root_certificates(SSL_CTX* ssl_context)
+{
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    X509_STORE* openssl_store = SSL_CTX_get_cert_store(ssl_context);
+    if (!openssl_store)
+        throw std::runtime_error("unable to get OpenSSL certificate store");
+
+    const auto load_store = [&](DWORD location) {
+        HCERTSTORE windows_store = CertOpenStore(CERT_STORE_PROV_SYSTEM_W, 0, 0,
+                                                 location | CERT_STORE_OPEN_EXISTING_FLAG | CERT_STORE_READONLY_FLAG,
+                                                 L"ROOT");
+        if (!windows_store)
+            return;
+
+        PCCERT_CONTEXT windows_certificate = nullptr;
+        while ((windows_certificate = CertEnumCertificatesInStore(windows_store, windows_certificate)) != nullptr) {
+            const unsigned char* encoded = windows_certificate->pbCertEncoded;
+            X509* certificate = d2i_X509(nullptr, &encoded, static_cast<long>(windows_certificate->cbCertEncoded));
+            if (!certificate) {
+                ERR_clear_error();
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            ERR_clear_error();
+            if (X509_STORE_add_cert(openssl_store, certificate) != 1)
+                ERR_clear_error();
+            X509_free(certificate);
+        }
+
+        CertCloseStore(windows_store, 0);
+    };
+
+    load_store(CERT_SYSTEM_STORE_CURRENT_USER);
+    load_store(CERT_SYSTEM_STORE_LOCAL_MACHINE);
+#else
+    (void)ssl_context;
+#endif
+}
+
 std::string Http::url_encode(const std::string &str)
 {
 	::CURL *curl = ::curl_easy_init();
@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@
 #include "libslic3r/Exception.hpp"
 #include "libslic3r_version.h"

+typedef struct ssl_ctx_st SSL_CTX;
+
 #define MAX_SIZE_TO_FILE    3*1024

 namespace Slic3r {
@@ -200,6 +202,10 @@ public:
    // Return empty string on success or error message on fail.
    static std::string tls_global_init();
    static std::string tls_system_cert_store();
+    // Add platform root certificates to a standalone OpenSSL context. This
+    // supplements set_default_verify_paths() on platforms where OpenSSL does
+    // not use the native certificate store.
+    static void add_platform_root_certificates(SSL_CTX* ssl_context);

 	// converts the given string to an url_encoded_string
 	static std::string url_encode(const std::string &str);
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 #include "ICloudServiceAgent.hpp"
 #include "bambu_networking.hpp"

-#include <functional>
 #include <cstdint>
 #include <atomic>
 #include <memory>
@@ -13,12 +12,49 @@
 #include <set>
 #include <string>
 #include <thread>
+#include <chrono>
+#include <condition_variable>
+#include <deque>
+#include <functional>

 #include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
 #include <vector>

 namespace Slic3r {

+class Http;
+
+bool moonraker_is_light_name(const std::string& name);
+
+class MoonrakerWebsocket
+{
+public:
+    enum class ReadResult
+    {
+        message,
+        timeout,
+        closed,
+        error,
+    };
+
+    MoonrakerWebsocket(bool secure, std::string api_key, std::string ca_file);
+    ~MoonrakerWebsocket();
+
+    void connect(const std::string& host, const std::string& port, std::chrono::seconds timeout);
+    void tls_handshake(const std::string& host);
+    void handshake(const std::string& host, const std::string& target);
+    void text(bool enabled);
+    void write(const std::string& body);
+    ReadResult read(std::string& payload, std::string& error_message);
+    void close();
+    void expires_after(std::chrono::seconds timeout);
+    void abort();
+
+private:
+    struct Impl;
+    std::unique_ptr<Impl> m_impl;
+};
+
 class MoonrakerPrinterAgent : public IPrinterAgent
 {
 public:
@@ -64,12 +100,20 @@ public:
    int set_on_local_connect_fn(OnLocalConnectedFn fn) override;
    int set_on_local_message_fn(OnMessageFn fn) override;
    int set_queue_on_main_fn(QueueOnMainFn fn) override;
-
-    // Pull-mode agent (on-demand filament sync)
-    FilamentSyncMode get_filament_sync_mode() const override { return FilamentSyncMode::pull; }
    bool fetch_filament_info(std::string dev_id, FilamentSyncMode sync_mode = FilamentSyncMode::pull) override;
+    CameraStreamMode get_camera_stream_mode() const override;
+    std::string get_camera_url() const override;

 protected:
+    struct ConnectionSettings
+    {
+        std::string dev_id;
+        std::string base_url;
+        std::string api_key;
+        bool        use_ssl = false;
+        std::string ca_file;
+    };
+
    struct MoonrakerDeviceInfo
    {
        std::string dev_id;
@@ -81,7 +125,9 @@ protected:
        std::string dev_name;
        std::string version;
        std::string klippy_state;
+        float       nozzle_diameter = 0.0f;
        bool        use_ssl = false;
+        std::string ca_file;
    } device_info;

    // Tray data for AMS payload building
@@ -99,12 +145,21 @@ protected:
    void build_ams_payload(int ams_count, int max_lane_index, const std::vector<AmsTrayData>& trays);

    // Methods that derived classes may need to override or access
-    virtual bool init_device_info(const std::string& dev_id, const std::string& dev_ip, const std::string& username, const std::string& password, bool use_ssl, const std::string& port);
-    virtual bool fetch_device_info(const std::string& base_url, const std::string& api_key, MoonrakerDeviceInfo& info, std::string& error) const;
+    virtual bool init_device_info(const PrinterConnectionParams& params);
+    virtual bool fetch_device_info(const ConnectionSettings& connection, MoonrakerDeviceInfo& info, std::string& error) const;
+    ConnectionSettings get_connection_settings() const;
+    void configure_http(Http& http, const ConnectionSettings& connection) const;
+    static float parse_nozzle_diameter(const nlohmann::json& response);

    // State access for derived classes
    mutable std::recursive_mutex       state_mutex;

+    // Counts detached fetch_filament_info() background threads currently touching `this`
+    // (see QidiPrinterAgent::fetch_filament_info). Those threads hold a raw `this` with no
+    // other lifetime protection, so the destructor waits for this to reach 0 before any part
+    // of the object is torn down — see ~MoonrakerPrinterAgent().
+    std::atomic<int> filament_fetch_in_flight{0};
+
    // Helpers
    bool        is_numeric(const std::string& value);
    std::string normalize_base_url(bool use_ssl, const std::string& host, const std::string& port);
@@ -117,13 +172,29 @@ protected:
    // Map filament type to OrcaFilamentLibrary preset ID for AMS sync compatibility
    static std::string map_filament_type_to_generic_id(const std::string& filament_type);

+    // Send a G-code script via Moonraker (/printer/gcode/script)
+    bool send_gcode(const std::string& dev_id, const std::string& gcode) const;
+    bool send_gcode(const std::string& dev_id, const std::string& gcode,
+                    const ConnectionSettings& connection) const;
+    bool post_print_action(const std::string& action) const;
+    bool post_print_action(const std::string& action,
+                           const ConnectionSettings& connection) const;
+
+    bool send_ws_rpc(const std::string& method, const nlohmann::json& params);
+
+    virtual void on_status_loop_tick(const std::string& dev_id) {}
+
+    // Queue work that may use agent state. The command worker is joined during
+    // destruction, so queued commands cannot outlive the agent.
+    void enqueue_command(std::function<void()> fn);
+
 private:
    int handle_request(const std::string& dev_id, const std::string& json_str);
    int send_version_info(const std::string& dev_id);
    int send_access_code(const std::string& dev_id);

-    bool fetch_object_list(const std::string& base_url, const std::string& api_key, std::set<std::string>& objects, std::string& error) const;
-    bool query_printer_status(const std::string& base_url, const std::string& api_key, nlohmann::json& status, std::string& error) const;
+    bool fetch_object_list(const ConnectionSettings& connection, std::set<std::string>& objects, std::string& error) const;
+    bool query_printer_status(const ConnectionSettings& connection, nlohmann::json& status, std::string& error) const;
    bool send_gcode_sync(const std::string& dev_id, const std::string& gcode) const;
    void send_gcode_async(const std::string& dev_id, const std::string& gcode,
                          std::function<void(bool)> on_result = {}) const;
@@ -132,10 +203,11 @@ private:
    void dispatch_local_connect(int state, const std::string& dev_id, const std::string& msg);
    void dispatch_printer_connected(const std::string& dev_id);
    void dispatch_message(const std::string& dev_id, const std::string& payload);
-    void start_status_stream(const std::string& dev_id, const std::string& base_url, const std::string& api_key);
+    void start_status_stream(const std::string& dev_id, ConnectionSettings connection);
    void stop_status_stream();
-    void run_status_stream(std::string dev_id, std::string base_url, std::string api_key);
-    void handle_ws_message(const std::string& dev_id, const std::string& payload);
+    void run_status_stream(std::string dev_id, ConnectionSettings connection);
+    void handle_ws_message(std::string dev_id, std::string payload, ConnectionSettings connection);
+    void refresh_thumbnail_url(const ConnectionSettings& connection);
    void update_status_cache(const nlohmann::json& updates);
    nlohmann::json build_print_payload_locked() const;

@@ -146,22 +218,28 @@ private:

    // File upload
    bool upload_gcode(const std::string& local_path, const std::string& filename,
-                      const std::string& base_url, const std::string& api_key,
+                      const ConnectionSettings& connection,
                      OnUpdateStatusFn update_fn, WasCancelledFn cancel_fn);

-    // JSON-RPC helper
-    bool send_jsonrpc_command(const std::string& base_url, const std::string& api_key,
-                              const nlohmann::json& request, std::string& response) const;
+    // Start a print of a previously uploaded G-code file (path relative to the
+    // Moonraker gcodes root).
+    bool start_print_file(const ConnectionSettings& connection,
+                          const std::string& filename, std::string& error_msg) const;

    // Connection thread management
    void perform_connection_async(const std::string& dev_id,
-                                   const std::string& base_url,
-                                   const std::string& api_key,
+                                   ConnectionSettings connection,
                                   uint64_t generation);

+    // why: a printer with no /server/webcams/list entry can still name its stream directly;
+    // subclasses (e.g. printers with a fixed webcam path) can override this instead.
+    virtual std::string webcam_stream_override(const std::string& base_url) const { return {}; }
+    void refresh_webcam_info() const;
+    bool fetch_webcam_info(const ConnectionSettings& connection, uint64_t generation) const;
+
    // System-specific filament fetch methods
-    bool fetch_hh_filament_info(std::vector<AmsTrayData>& trays, int& max_lane_index);
-    bool fetch_moonraker_filament_data(std::vector<AmsTrayData>& trays, int& max_lane_index);
+    bool fetch_hh_filament_info(const ConnectionSettings& connection, std::vector<AmsTrayData>& trays, int& max_lane_index);
+    bool fetch_moonraker_filament_data(const ConnectionSettings& connection, std::vector<AmsTrayData>& trays, int& max_lane_index);

    // JSON helper methods
    static std::string safe_json_string(const nlohmann::json& obj, const char* key);
@@ -187,15 +265,38 @@ private:

    mutable std::recursive_mutex payload_mutex;
    nlohmann::json     status_cache;
+    // note: guarded by payload_mutex; filled by refresh_thumbnail_url(), empty url = looked up, none found
+    std::string        thumbnail_filename;
+    std::string        thumbnail_url;
+    mutable std::string        webcam_stream_url;
+    mutable CameraStreamMode   webcam_stream_mode = CameraStreamMode::none;
+    mutable uint64_t            webcam_info_last_lookup_ms = 0;
+    mutable uint64_t            webcam_info_generation = 0;
+    unsigned            thumbnail_lookup_attempts = 0;
+
+    static constexpr uint64_t WEBCAM_INFO_REFRESH_INTERVAL_MS = 1000;

    std::atomic<int>       next_jsonrpc_id{1};
    std::set<std::string>  available_objects;  // Track for feature detection
+    bool                   assumed_light_on = false;

    std::atomic<bool>   ws_stop{false};
    std::atomic<bool>   ws_reconnect_requested{false};  // Flag to trigger reconnection
    std::atomic<uint64_t> ws_last_emit_ms{0};
    std::thread         ws_thread;

+    // stop_status_stream() invokes ws_abort_io to wake a blocked synchronous
+    // ws.read()/ws.write()/handshake in run_status_stream(): ws_stop is only
+    // observed between reads, and Beast's expires_after() does not bound
+    // synchronous operations.
+    std::mutex             ws_abort_mutex;
+    std::function<void()>  ws_abort_io;  // guarded by ws_abort_mutex
+
+    // AMS/filament refresh cadence, independent of telemetry dispatch so a steady
+    // stream of status updates can't starve it (ws_last_emit_ms is reset by those).
+    static constexpr uint64_t AMS_REFRESH_INTERVAL_MS = 10000;
+    std::atomic<uint64_t> ams_last_fetch_ms{0};
+
    // Throttling configuration for WebSocket updates
    // Critical changes (state transitions) dispatch immediately; telemetry is throttled
    static constexpr uint64_t STATUS_UPDATE_INTERVAL_MS = 1000;  // 1 update/sec for telemetry
@@ -205,7 +306,14 @@ private:
    // Connection thread management
    std::atomic<uint64_t>  connect_generation{0};
    std::thread            connect_thread;
-    std::recursive_mutex   connect_mutex;
+    mutable std::recursive_mutex connect_mutex;
+
+    void run_command_worker();
+    std::thread cmd_thread;
+    std::deque<std::function<void()>> cmd_queue;
+    std::mutex cmd_mutex;
+    std::condition_variable cmd_cv;
+    bool cmd_stop = false;
 };

 } // namespace Slic3r
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 #include "OrcaCloudServiceAgent.hpp"
 #include "CloudProvider.hpp"
 #include "Http.hpp"
+#include "ICameraSignalingChannel.hpp"
+#include "OrcaCloudSignalingChannel.hpp"
 #include "bambu_networking.hpp"
 #include "ICloudServiceAgent.hpp"
 #include "libslic3r/Utils.hpp"
@@ -12,6 +14,8 @@
 #include <boost/asio/ip/tcp.hpp>
 #include <boost/asio/io_context.hpp>
 #include <boost/beast/core/detail/base64.hpp>
+#include <boost/beast/core.hpp>
+#include <boost/beast/websocket.hpp>
 #include <boost/filesystem.hpp>
 #include <boost/filesystem/operations.hpp>
 #include <boost/log/trivial.hpp>
@@ -37,14 +41,18 @@
 #include <openssl/hmac.h>
 #include <openssl/rand.h>
 #include <openssl/sha.h>
+#include <openssl/ssl.h>

 #include <algorithm>
 #include <cctype>
+#include <condition_variable>
+#include <cstdint>
 #include <cstdlib>
 #include <fstream>
 #include <iomanip>
 #include <optional>
 #include <random>
+#include <set>
 #include <sstream>

 #include <string>
@@ -512,6 +520,7 @@ OrcaCloudServiceAgent::OrcaCloudServiceAgent(std::string log_dir)
    , api_base_url(ORCA_DEFAULT_API_URL)
    , auth_base_url(ORCA_DEFAULT_AUTH_URL)
    , cloud_base_url(ORCA_DEFAULT_CLOUD_URL)
+    , mqtt_connection(std::make_unique<OrcaMqttConnection>())
 {
    auth_headers["apikey"]    = ORCA_DEFAULT_PUB_KEY;
    pkce_bundle.loopback_port = choose_loopback_port();
@@ -522,6 +531,8 @@ OrcaCloudServiceAgent::OrcaCloudServiceAgent(std::string log_dir)

 OrcaCloudServiceAgent::~OrcaCloudServiceAgent()
 {
+    if (mqtt_connection)
+        mqtt_connection->stop();
    if (refresh_thread.joinable()) {
        refresh_thread.join();
    }
@@ -964,22 +975,45 @@ bool OrcaCloudServiceAgent::ensure_token_fresh(const std::string& reason) { retu

 int OrcaCloudServiceAgent::connect_server()
 {
+    const bool logged_in = is_user_login();
+    BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info) << "Orca diagnostic: OrcaCloudServiceAgent::connect_server logged_in=" << logged_in
+                            << " api_base_url=" << api_base_url;
+    if (!logged_in) {
+        if (mqtt_connection)
+            mqtt_connection->stop();
+        {
+            std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> lock(state_mutex);
+            is_connected = false;
+        }
+        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(warning) << "OrcaCloudServiceAgent: connect_server requires a logged-in user";
+        invoke_server_connected_callback(-1, 401);
+        return BAMBU_NETWORK_ERR_INVALID_HANDLE;
+    }
+
    std::string response;
    unsigned int http_code = 0;
    int result             = http_get(ORCA_HEALTH_PATH, &response, &http_code);

    bool connected = (result == BAMBU_NETWORK_SUCCESS && http_code >= 200 && http_code < 300);
+    BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info) << "Orca diagnostic: cloud health result=" << result << " http_code=" << http_code
+                            << " connected=" << connected << " response_bytes=" << response.size();
+
+    // connect_server() remains a REST health probe. The long-lived fleet MQTT socket
+    // is started lazily by set_user_selected_machine -> configure_selected_printer_mqtt;
+    // subscriptions queued before that point are replayed when it starts.
    {
        std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> lock(state_mutex);
        is_connected = connected;
    }
-
    invoke_server_connected_callback(connected ? 0 : -1, http_code);
    return connected ? BAMBU_NETWORK_SUCCESS : BAMBU_NETWORK_ERR_CONNECTION_TO_SERVER_FAILED;
 }

 bool OrcaCloudServiceAgent::is_server_connected()
 {
+    // The REST health probe is the signal; the per-printer MQTT socket does not gate
+    // whole-cloud connectivity (one printer reconnecting must not report the whole
+    // cloud as lost).
    std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> lock(state_mutex);
    return is_connected;
 }
@@ -1000,13 +1034,238 @@ int OrcaCloudServiceAgent::stop_subscribe(std::string module)

 int OrcaCloudServiceAgent::add_subscribe(std::vector<std::string> dev_list)
 {
-    (void) dev_list;
-    return BAMBU_NETWORK_SUCCESS;
+    BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info) << "Orca diagnostic: OrcaCloudServiceAgent::add_subscribe count=" << dev_list.size()
+                            << " logged_in=" << is_user_login() << " mqtt_connection=" << (mqtt_connection ? "set" : "null");
+    if (!is_user_login() || !mqtt_connection) {
+        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(warning) << "Orca diagnostic: add_subscribe rejected because cloud is not ready";
+        return BAMBU_NETWORK_ERR_INVALID_HANDLE;
+    }
+    bool queued = true;
+    for (const std::string& dev_id : dev_list)
+        queued = mqtt_connection->subscribe(dev_id) && queued;
+    BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info) << "Orca diagnostic: add_subscribe queued=" << queued;
+    return queued ? BAMBU_NETWORK_SUCCESS : BAMBU_NETWORK_ERR_CONNECT_FAILED;
 }

 int OrcaCloudServiceAgent::del_subscribe(std::vector<std::string> dev_list)
 {
-    (void) dev_list;
+    BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info) << "Orca diagnostic: OrcaCloudServiceAgent::del_subscribe count=" << dev_list.size()
+                            << " logged_in=" << is_user_login() << " mqtt_connection=" << (mqtt_connection ? "set" : "null");
+    if (!is_user_login() || !mqtt_connection) {
+        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(warning) << "Orca diagnostic: del_subscribe rejected because cloud is not ready";
+        return BAMBU_NETWORK_ERR_INVALID_HANDLE;
+    }
+    bool queued = true;
+    for (const std::string& dev_id : dev_list)
+        queued = mqtt_connection->unsubscribe(dev_id) && queued;
+    BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info) << "Orca diagnostic: del_subscribe queued=" << queued;
+    return queued ? BAMBU_NETWORK_SUCCESS : BAMBU_NETWORK_ERR_CONNECT_FAILED;
+}
+
+int OrcaCloudServiceAgent::configure_selected_printer_mqtt(const std::string& dev_id,
+                                                           OrcaMqttConnection::StateHandler state_handler)
+{
+    (void) dev_id;
+    if (!ensure_token_fresh("configure_selected_printer_mqtt"))
+    {
+        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(warning) << "ensure_token_fresh returned false";
+        return BAMBU_NETWORK_ERR_CONNECTION_TO_SERVER_FAILED;
+    }
+
+    OrcaMqttConnection::Config cfg;
+    cfg.url               = "wss://" + api_base_url + "/api/v1/printers/mqtt";
+    cfg.use_tls           = true;
+    cfg.bearer_provider   = [this] { return get_access_token(); };
+    cfg.client_id         = "OrcaSlicer";
+    cfg.keepalive_seconds = 300;
+
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m_selected_url_mutex);
+        m_selected_printer_mqtt_url = cfg.url;
+    }
+
+    if (mqtt_connection->is_running()) {
+        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info) << "Orca diagnostic: fleet MQTT connection already running";
+        return BAMBU_NETWORK_SUCCESS;
+    }
+
+    BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info) << "Orca diagnostic: configuring fleet MQTT endpoint=" << cfg.url;
+
+    // NOTE: no lock is held across start() — it blocks for the whole initial connect
+    // attempt (up to ~10s), and the message handler below re-enters callback_mutex on
+    // the MQTT worker thread.
+    const bool ok = mqtt_connection->start(
+        cfg,
+        [this](const std::string& id, const std::string& payload) { deliver_cloud_message(id, payload); },
+        std::move(state_handler));
+    BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info) << "Orca diagnostic: fleet MQTT start returned=" << ok;
+    return ok ? BAMBU_NETWORK_SUCCESS : BAMBU_NETWORK_ERR_CONNECTION_TO_SERVER_FAILED;
+}
+
+void OrcaCloudServiceAgent::teardown_selected_printer_mqtt()
+{
+    if (mqtt_connection) {
+        mqtt_connection->stop();
+        // The connection object is reused for the next printer; drop this printer's
+        // report topic so its 1:1 socket does not re-subscribe the previous device.
+        mqtt_connection->clear_subscriptions();
+    }
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m_selected_url_mutex);
+    m_selected_printer_mqtt_url.clear();
+}
+
+std::string OrcaCloudServiceAgent::selected_printer_mqtt_url() const
+{
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m_selected_url_mutex);
+    return m_selected_printer_mqtt_url;
+}
+
+void OrcaCloudServiceAgent::deliver_cloud_message(const std::string& dev_id, const std::string& payload)
+{
+    OnMessageFn callback;
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(callback_mutex);
+        callback = printer_status_callback;
+    }
+    if (callback)
+        callback(dev_id, payload);
+}
+
+int OrcaCloudServiceAgent::set_printer_status_callback(OnMessageFn fn)
+{
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(callback_mutex);
+    printer_status_callback = std::move(fn);
+    BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info) << "Orca diagnostic: printer status callback=" << (printer_status_callback ? "set" : "clear");
+    return BAMBU_NETWORK_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+int OrcaCloudServiceAgent::send_printer_command(const std::string& dev_id, const std::string& body)
+{
+    BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info) << "Orca diagnostic: send_printer_command dev_id=" << dev_id
+                            << " body_bytes=" << body.size() << " logged_in=" << is_user_login();
+    if (dev_id.empty() || !is_user_login()) {
+        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(warning) << "Orca diagnostic: send_printer_command rejected";
+        return BAMBU_NETWORK_ERR_INVALID_HANDLE;
+    }
+
+    const std::string path = std::string(ORCA_CLOUD_PRINTER) + "/" + dev_id + "/commands";
+    std::string  response;
+    unsigned int http_code = 0;
+    int          result    = http_post(path, body, &response, &http_code);
+    BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info) << "OrcaCloudServiceAgent: command dev=" << dev_id
+                            << " http=" << http_code << " result=" << result
+                            << " response_bytes=" << response.size();
+    return (result == BAMBU_NETWORK_SUCCESS && http_code >= 200 && http_code < 300)
+               ? BAMBU_NETWORK_SUCCESS
+               : BAMBU_NETWORK_ERR_CONNECT_FAILED;
+}
+
+int OrcaCloudServiceAgent::upload_gcode_via_cloud(const std::string& dev_id,
+                                                  const std::string& local_gcode_path,
+                                                  std::string* job_id,
+                                                  OnUpdateStatusFn update_fn,
+                                                  WasCancelledFn cancel_fn)
+{
+    if (dev_id.empty() || local_gcode_path.empty() || !is_user_login())
+        return BAMBU_NETWORK_ERR_INVALID_HANDLE;
+    if (cancel_fn && cancel_fn())
+        return BAMBU_NETWORK_ERR_CANCELED;
+
+    // Step 1: POST print-jobs/uploads -> a short-lived presigned R2 PUT URL. No
+    // metadata rides this request; filename/start are only relevant to the HTTP
+    // .../start finalize route, which this MQTT-driven flow does not call.
+    const std::string uploads_path = std::string(ORCA_CLOUD_PRINTER) + "/" + Http::url_encode(dev_id) + "/print-jobs/uploads";
+    std::string response;
+    unsigned int http_code = 0;
+    int result = http_post(uploads_path, "{}", &response, &http_code);
+    if (result != BAMBU_NETWORK_SUCCESS || http_code < 200 || http_code >= 300) {
+        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(warning) << "OrcaCloudServiceAgent: print-jobs/uploads failed http_code=" << http_code;
+        return BAMBU_NETWORK_ERR_CONNECT_FAILED;
+    }
+
+    std::string upload_job_id;
+    std::string upload_url;
+    try {
+        const nlohmann::json j = nlohmann::json::parse(response);
+        upload_job_id = j.value("job_id", "");
+        upload_url    = j.value("upload_url", "");
+    } catch (const std::exception& e) {
+        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(error) << "OrcaCloudServiceAgent: failed to parse print-jobs/uploads response: " << e.what();
+        return BAMBU_NETWORK_ERR_CONNECT_FAILED;
+    }
+    if (upload_job_id.empty() || upload_url.empty()) {
+        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(error) << "OrcaCloudServiceAgent: print-jobs/uploads response missing job_id/upload_url";
+        return BAMBU_NETWORK_ERR_CONNECT_FAILED;
+    }
+
+    if (cancel_fn && cancel_fn())
+        return BAMBU_NETWORK_ERR_CANCELED;
+
+    // Step 2: PUT the G-code straight to R2 with the one-time URL from step 1. This
+    // is a scoped, PUT-only, short-TTL capability with no bearer token of its own,
+    // so it bypasses http_put (which always prefixes api_base_url and attaches the
+    // cloud session's Authorization header - neither belongs on an R2 PUT).
+    bool canceled = false;
+    unsigned put_status = 0;
+    std::string put_error;
+    Http::put(upload_url)
+        .tls_verify(true)
+        .header("Content-Type", "text/x.gcode")
+        .set_put_body(boost::filesystem::path(local_gcode_path))
+        .timeout_connect(5)
+        .timeout_max(300) // large G-code over a slow link
+        .on_progress([&](Http::Progress progress, bool& cancel) {
+            if (cancel_fn && cancel_fn()) {
+                cancel   = true;
+                canceled = true;
+                return;
+            }
+            if (update_fn && progress.ultotal > 0) {
+                const int percent = static_cast<int>((progress.ulnow * 100) / progress.ultotal);
+                update_fn(PrintingStageUpload, percent, "Uploading...");
+            }
+        })
+        .on_complete([&](std::string, unsigned status) { put_status = status; })
+        .on_error([&](std::string, std::string err, unsigned status) {
+            put_status = status;
+            put_error  = std::move(err);
+        })
+        .perform_sync();
+
+    if (canceled)
+        return BAMBU_NETWORK_ERR_CANCELED;
+    if (put_status < 200 || put_status >= 300) {
+        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(warning) << "OrcaCloudServiceAgent: R2 upload failed status=" << put_status << " error=" << put_error;
+        return BAMBU_NETWORK_ERR_PRINT_SG_UPLOAD_FTP_FAILED;
+    }
+
+    if (job_id)
+        *job_id = std::move(upload_job_id);
+    return BAMBU_NETWORK_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+int OrcaCloudServiceAgent::start_cloud_print_job(const std::string& dev_id,
+                                                 const std::string& job_id,
+                                                 const std::string& filename,
+                                                 bool start)
+{
+    if (dev_id.empty() || job_id.empty() || !is_user_login())
+        return BAMBU_NETWORK_ERR_INVALID_HANDLE;
+
+    nlohmann::json body;
+    if (!filename.empty())
+        body["filename"] = filename;
+    body["start"] = start;
+
+    const std::string path = std::string(ORCA_CLOUD_PRINTER) + "/" + Http::url_encode(dev_id) + "/print-jobs/" +
+                             Http::url_encode(job_id) + "/start";
+    std::string response;
+    unsigned int http_code = 0;
+    const int result = http_post(path, body.dump(), &response, &http_code);
+    if (result != BAMBU_NETWORK_SUCCESS || http_code < 200 || http_code >= 300) {
+        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(warning) << "OrcaCloudServiceAgent: print-jobs/" << job_id << "/start failed http_code=" << http_code;
+        return BAMBU_NETWORK_ERR_CONNECT_FAILED;
+    }
    return BAMBU_NETWORK_SUCCESS;
 }

@@ -2041,6 +2300,10 @@ bool OrcaCloudServiceAgent::set_user_session(const json& session_json, bool noti

 void OrcaCloudServiceAgent::clear_session(bool all_backends)
 {
+    if (mqtt_connection) {
+        mqtt_connection->stop();
+        mqtt_connection->clear_subscriptions();
+    }
    {
        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(session_mutex);
        session = SessionInfo{};
@@ -2156,7 +2419,11 @@ int OrcaCloudServiceAgent::http_get(const std::string& path, std::string* respon
    return (res.success && !suppress) ? BAMBU_NETWORK_SUCCESS : BAMBU_NETWORK_ERR_CONNECT_FAILED;
 }

-int OrcaCloudServiceAgent::http_post(const std::string& path, const std::string& body, std::string* response_body, unsigned int* http_code)
+int OrcaCloudServiceAgent::http_post(const std::string& path,
+                                     const std::string& body,
+                                     std::string* response_body,
+                                     unsigned int* http_code,
+                                     const std::string& content_type)
 {
    std::string url = api_base_url + path;
    BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(trace) << "OrcaCloudServiceAgent: POST " << url;
@@ -2180,7 +2447,7 @@ int OrcaCloudServiceAgent::http_post(const std::string& path, const std::string&
                http.header("Authorization", "Bearer " + token);
            }

-            http.header("Content-Type", "application/json");
+            http.header("Content-Type", content_type);
            http.set_post_body(body);

            http.on_complete([&](std::string resp_body, unsigned resp_status) {
@@ -2647,19 +2914,28 @@ int OrcaCloudServiceAgent::get_user_print_info(unsigned int* http_code, std::str
    if (http_code)
        *http_code = code;

-    if (result != 0 || code != 200)
+    if (result != 0 || code != 200) {
+        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(error) << "OrcaCloudServiceAgent: get_user_print_info failed - http_code=" << code << ", response=" << response;
        return result != 0 ? result : BAMBU_NETWORK_ERR_GET_SETTING_LIST_FAILED;
+    }
+
+    BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(trace) << "OrcaCloudServiceAgent: get_user_print_info fetched - http_code=" << code << ", response=" << response;

    try {
        auto resp_json = nlohmann::json::parse(response);
        nlohmann::json devices = nlohmann::json::array();

        for (const auto& printer : resp_json.value("data", nlohmann::json::array())) {
-            const std::string role = printer.value("access_role", "");
+            nlohmann::json device;
+            std::string role = printer.value("access_role", "");
+
+            // A printer with the role "view" only has monitoring access for orca cloud.
+            // The printer is owned by a different person and was shared to the current user without
+            // any permission to control the printer so we discard this printer. Comment this out if
+            // OrcaSlicer wants to support view only printers.
            if (role.empty() || role == "viewer")
                continue;

-            nlohmann::json device;
            device["dev_id"]   = printer.value("id", "");
            device["dev_name"] = printer.value("name", "");
            if (printer.contains("model") && printer["model"].is_string())
@@ -2673,15 +2949,20 @@ int OrcaCloudServiceAgent::get_user_print_info(unsigned int* http_code, std::str
                    device["task_status"] = status["job"].value("state", "");
            }
            device["dev_online"] = online;
-            devices.push_back(std::move(device));
+
+            devices.push_back(device);
        }

        if (http_body) {
            nlohmann::json out;
-            out["devices"] = std::move(devices);
+            out["devices"] = devices;
            *http_body = out.dump();
        }
-    } catch (const std::exception&) {
+
+        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(debug) << "OrcaCloudServiceAgent: get_user_print_info parsed - device_count=" << devices.size()
+                                  << ", devices=" << devices.dump();
+    } catch (const std::exception& e) {
+        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(error) << "OrcaCloudServiceAgent: get_user_print_info parse exception - " << e.what();
        return BAMBU_NETWORK_ERR_GET_SETTING_LIST_FAILED;
    }

@@ -2766,6 +3047,9 @@ int OrcaCloudServiceAgent::get_camera_url(std::string dev_id, std::function<void
    return BAMBU_NETWORK_SUCCESS;
 }

+std::unique_ptr<ICameraSignalingChannel> OrcaCloudServiceAgent::create_camera_signaling_channel(const std::string& dev_id)
+{ return std::make_unique<OrcaCloudSignalingChannel>(this, dev_id); }
+
 int OrcaCloudServiceAgent::get_design_staffpick(int offset, int limit, std::function<void(std::string)> callback)
 {
    BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(debug) << "OrcaCloudServiceAgent: get_design_staffpick (stub)";
@@ -5,6 +5,12 @@
 #include "ICameraSignalingChannel.hpp"
 #include "ICloudServiceAgent.hpp"
 #include "bambu_networking.hpp"
+
+#include <boost/asio.hpp>
+#include <boost/asio/ssl.hpp>
+#include <boost/beast/core.hpp>
+#include <boost/beast/ssl.hpp>
+#include <boost/beast/websocket.hpp>
 #include <cstdlib>
 #include "libslic3r/ProjectTask.hpp"
 #include <string>
@@ -13,6 +19,9 @@
 #include <atomic>
 #include <chrono>
 #include <functional>
+#include <condition_variable>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <set>
 #include <memory>
 #include <thread>
 #include <unordered_map>
@@ -20,6 +29,8 @@
 #include <vector>
 #include <nlohmann/json.hpp>

+#include "OrcaMqttConnection.hpp"
+
 class wxSecretStore;

 namespace Slic3r {
@@ -156,6 +167,8 @@ public:

    // Configuration
    void configure_urls(AppConfig* app_config);
+    // Hostname only; cloud REST, MQTT, and WebRTC signaling use fixed TLS
+    // endpoints on port 443.
    void set_api_base_url(const std::string& url);
    void set_auth_base_url(const std::string& url);
    void set_cloud_base_url(const std::string& url);
@@ -211,6 +224,19 @@ public:
    int add_subscribe(std::vector<std::string> dev_list) override;
    int del_subscribe(std::vector<std::string> dev_list) override;
    void enable_multi_machine(bool enable) override;
+    int set_printer_status_callback(OnMessageFn fn);
+    int send_printer_command(const std::string& dev_id, const std::string& body);
+
+    int upload_gcode_via_cloud(const std::string& dev_id,
+                               const std::string& local_gcode_path,
+                               std::string* job_id,
+                               OnUpdateStatusFn update_fn,
+                               WasCancelledFn cancel_fn);
+
+    int start_cloud_print_job(const std::string& dev_id,
+                              const std::string& job_id,
+                              const std::string& filename,
+                              bool start = true);

    // ========================================================================
    // ICloudServiceAgent Interface Implementation - Settings Synchronization
@@ -246,7 +272,7 @@ public:
    // ICloudServiceAgent Interface Implementation - Model Mall & Publishing
    // ========================================================================
    int get_camera_url(std::string dev_id, std::function<void(std::string)> callback) override;
-    // std::unique_ptr<ICameraSignalingChannel> create_camera_signaling_channel(const std::string& dev_id) override;
+    std::unique_ptr<ICameraSignalingChannel> create_camera_signaling_channel(const std::string& dev_id) override;
    int get_design_staffpick(int offset, int limit, std::function<void(std::string)> callback) override;
    int start_publish(PublishParams params, OnUpdateStatusFn update_fn, WasCancelledFn cancel_fn, std::string* out) override;
    int get_model_publish_url(std::string* url) override;
@@ -352,7 +378,29 @@ public:

    static std::string generate_uuid_for_setting_id(const std::string& name, const std::string& user_id = "");

+    OrcaMqttConnection* get_mqtt_connection() noexcept {
+        return mqtt_connection.get();
+    }
+
+    const OrcaMqttConnection* get_mqtt_connection() const noexcept {
+        return mqtt_connection.get();
+    }
+
+    // Account-scoped cloud socket: wss://<api_base_url>/api/v1/printers/mqtt.
+    // configure_ blocks for the duration of the initial connect attempt, so callers
+    // drive it off the UI thread; teardown_ is synchronous. The dev_id argument is
+    // retained for source compatibility with the printer-agent lifecycle; it does
+    // not participate in endpoint construction.
+    int         configure_selected_printer_mqtt(const std::string& dev_id,
+                                                OrcaMqttConnection::StateHandler state_handler = {});
+    void        teardown_selected_printer_mqtt();
+    // Test hook: the wss:// URL of the current fleet socket ("" when none).
+    std::string selected_printer_mqtt_url() const;
+
 private:
+    // Fans one inbound fleet MQTT message out to printer_status_callback.
+    void deliver_cloud_message(const std::string& dev_id, const std::string& payload);
+
    // Sync protocol helpers
    int sync_pull(
        std::function<void(const SyncPullResponse&)> on_success,
@@ -376,7 +424,11 @@ private:

    // HTTP request helpers
    int http_get(const std::string& path, std::string* response_body, unsigned int* http_code);
-    int http_post(const std::string& path, const std::string& body, std::string* response_body, unsigned int* http_code);
+    int http_post(const std::string& path,
+                  const std::string& body,
+                  std::string* response_body,
+                  unsigned int* http_code,
+                  const std::string& content_type = "application/json");
    int http_put(const std::string& path, const std::string& body, std::string* response_body, unsigned int* http_code);
    int http_delete(const std::string& path, std::string* response_body, unsigned int* http_code);
    std::map<std::string, std::string> data_headers();
@@ -434,6 +486,9 @@ private:
                               std::chrono::system_clock::now().time_since_epoch()).count()};

    // Member variables - connection state
+    std::unique_ptr<OrcaMqttConnection> mqtt_connection;
+    std::string        m_selected_printer_mqtt_url;   // guarded by m_selected_url_mutex
+    mutable std::mutex m_selected_url_mutex;
    bool is_connected{false};
    bool enable_track{false};
    bool multi_machine_enabled{false};
@@ -447,6 +502,7 @@ private:
    AppOnHttpErrorFn on_http_error_fn;
    GetCountryCodeFn get_country_code_fn;
    QueueOnMainFn queue_on_main_fn;
+    OnMessageFn printer_status_callback;
    mutable std::mutex callback_mutex;

    // Thread safety
@@ -0,0 +1,337 @@
+#include "OrcaCloudSignalingChannel.hpp"
+
+#include "Http.hpp"
+
+#include <boost/asio/connect.hpp>
+#include <boost/asio/ip/tcp.hpp>
+#include <boost/asio/post.hpp>
+#include <boost/beast/core.hpp>
+#include <boost/log/trivial.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
+
+#include <openssl/ssl.h>
+
+#include <cctype>
+#include <iomanip>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <stdexcept>
+
+namespace Slic3r {
+
+OrcaCloudSignalingChannel::OrcaCloudSignalingChannel(OrcaCloudServiceAgent* cloud, std::string dev_id)
+    : m_cloud(cloud)
+    , m_dev_id(std::move(dev_id))
+{
+}
+
+OrcaCloudSignalingChannel::~OrcaCloudSignalingChannel()
+{
+    close();
+}
+
+void OrcaCloudSignalingChannel::open()
+{
+    bool expected = false;
+    if (!m_open.compare_exchange_strong(expected, true))
+        return;
+    m_stop.store(false);
+    m_thread = std::thread([this] { run(); });
+}
+
+void OrcaCloudSignalingChannel::close()
+{
+    m_stop.store(true);
+    std::shared_ptr<Connection> conn;
+    Http::Ptr request;
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex);
+        conn = m_conn;
+        request = m_inflight_requests;
+    }
+    // m_conn is installed only after the live-token request completes, so
+    // cancel the request independently before waiting for the worker.
+    if (request)
+        request->cancel();
+    if (conn) {
+        // Established session: close the socket on the io_context's own thread so
+        // the pending async_read completes and io_context.run() unwinds.
+        boost::asio::post(conn->io_context, [conn] {
+            boost::system::error_code ec;
+            boost::beast::get_lowest_layer(conn->websocket).cancel(ec);
+            boost::beast::get_lowest_layer(conn->websocket).close(ec);
+        });
+        // Pre-run() phase (still in the synchronous connect/handshake): best-effort
+        // direct interruption.
+        boost::system::error_code ec;
+        boost::beast::get_lowest_layer(conn->websocket).cancel(ec);
+        boost::beast::get_lowest_layer(conn->websocket).close(ec);
+    }
+    if (m_thread.joinable())
+        m_thread.join();
+    m_open.store(false);
+}
+
+void OrcaCloudSignalingChannel::send_offer(std::string sdp)
+{
+    send_json(nlohmann::json{{"type", "webrtc.offer"}, {"sdp", std::move(sdp)}}.dump());
+}
+
+void OrcaCloudSignalingChannel::send_ice(std::string candidate, std::string mid)
+{
+    send_json(nlohmann::json{{"type", "webrtc.ice"},
+                             {"candidate", std::move(candidate)},
+                             {"sdpMid", std::move(mid)}}
+                  .dump());
+}
+
+std::string OrcaCloudSignalingChannel::encode_path_component(const std::string& value)
+{
+    std::ostringstream encoded;
+    encoded << std::uppercase << std::hex;
+    for (unsigned char c : value) {
+        if (std::isalnum(c) || c == '-' || c == '_' || c == '.' || c == '~')
+            encoded << c;
+        else
+            encoded << '%' << std::setw(2) << std::setfill('0') << static_cast<unsigned int>(c);
+    }
+    return encoded.str();
+}
+
+void OrcaCloudSignalingChannel::unavailable(CameraUnavailableReason reason, std::string detail)
+{
+    if (on_unavailable)
+        on_unavailable(reason, std::move(detail));
+}
+
+void OrcaCloudSignalingChannel::run()
+{
+    try {
+        if (!m_cloud || !m_cloud->ensure_token_fresh("camera")) {
+            unavailable(CameraUnavailableReason::Error, "Unable to refresh OrcaCloud credentials");
+            m_open.store(false);
+            return;
+        }
+        const std::string token = m_cloud->get_access_token();
+        // OrcaCloud exposes a bare API hostname. WebRTC signaling uses the
+        // fixed HTTPS/WSS endpoints on port 443; custom schemes, ports, and
+        // base paths are not supported by this agent.
+        const std::string host = m_cloud->get_cloud_service_host();
+        if (token.empty() || host.empty()) {
+            unavailable(CameraUnavailableReason::Error, "OrcaCloud session is unavailable");
+            m_open.store(false);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        const std::string live_token_url =
+            "https://" + host + "/api/v1/printers/" + encode_path_component(m_dev_id) + "/live-token";
+        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info) << "signaling: POST " << live_token_url << " (dev_id=" << m_dev_id << ")";
+
+        nlohmann::json token_response;
+        std::string token_body;
+        unsigned int http_code = 0;
+
+        auto request = std::make_shared<Slic3r::Http>(Http::post(live_token_url));
+        request->set_post_body(std::string("{}"))
+            .header("Authorization", "Bearer " + token)
+            .header("Content-Type", "application/json")
+            .tls_verify(true)
+            .timeout_max(30)
+            .on_complete([&token_body, &http_code](std::string body, unsigned status) {
+                http_code = status;
+                token_body = std::move(body);
+            })
+            .on_error([&http_code](std::string, std::string, unsigned status) {
+                http_code = status;
+            });
+
+        {
+            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex);
+            m_inflight_requests = request;
+        }
+
+        // If close() raced with request setup, make sure this request is
+        // cancelled before entering the blocking call.
+        if (m_stop.load())
+            request->cancel();
+        try {
+            request->perform_sync();
+        } catch (...) {
+            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex);
+            if (m_inflight_requests == request)
+                m_inflight_requests.reset();
+            throw;
+        }
+
+        {
+            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex);
+            if (m_inflight_requests == request)
+                m_inflight_requests.reset();
+        }
+
+        try {
+            token_response = nlohmann::json::parse(token_body);
+        } catch (const std::exception&) {
+        }
+        if (http_code < 200 || http_code >= 300 || !token_response.contains("token")) {
+            unavailable(CameraUnavailableReason::Error, "Unable to mint camera live token");
+            m_open.store(false);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        std::vector<CameraIceServer> ice_servers;
+        if (token_response.contains("ice_servers") && token_response["ice_servers"].is_array()) {
+            for (const auto& entry : token_response["ice_servers"]) {
+                if (entry.is_string()) {
+                    ice_servers.push_back({entry.get<std::string>(), {}, {}});
+                } else if (entry.is_object()) {
+                    // RTCIceServer.urls is "string | string[]" (Cloudflare
+                    // Realtime returns an array). Emit one CameraIceServer per
+                    // URL, sharing the credentials.
+                    const std::string username = entry.value("username", std::string{});
+                    const std::string credential = entry.value("credential", std::string{});
+                    const auto add_url = [&](const nlohmann::json& url) {
+                        if (url.is_string() && !url.get<std::string>().empty())
+                            ice_servers.push_back({url.get<std::string>(), username, credential});
+                    };
+                    const auto urls = entry.find("urls");
+                    if (urls != entry.end()) {
+                        if (urls->is_array()) {
+                            for (const auto& url : *urls)
+                                add_url(url);
+                        } else {
+                            add_url(*urls);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        auto conn = std::make_shared<Connection>();
+        conn->ssl_context.set_default_verify_paths();
+        Http::add_platform_root_certificates(conn->ssl_context.native_handle());
+        {
+            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex);
+            m_conn = conn;
+        }
+        auto& websocket = conn->websocket;
+        boost::asio::ip::tcp::resolver resolver(conn->io_context);
+        const auto endpoints = resolver.resolve(host, "443");
+        boost::asio::connect(boost::beast::get_lowest_layer(websocket), endpoints);
+        if (!SSL_set_tlsext_host_name(websocket.next_layer().native_handle(), host.c_str()))
+            throw std::runtime_error("Unable to configure TLS server name");
+        websocket.next_layer().set_verify_mode(boost::asio::ssl::verify_peer);
+        websocket.next_layer().set_verify_callback(boost::asio::ssl::host_name_verification(host));
+        websocket.next_layer().handshake(boost::asio::ssl::stream_base::client);
+        const std::string ws_target = "/api/v1/printers/" + encode_path_component(m_dev_id) +
+                                      "/camera/live?token=" +
+                                      encode_path_component(token_response["token"].get<std::string>());
+        websocket.handshake(host, ws_target);
+        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info) << "signaling: websocket handshake ok (" << ice_servers.size()
+                                << " ice servers)";
+
+        if (on_ready)
+            on_ready(std::move(ice_servers));
+        send_json(nlohmann::json{{"type", "camera.mode"}, {"mode", "webrtc"}}.dump());
+        // Async read loop, driven by the connection's own io_context. run()
+        // returns once close() has shut the socket down, giving a bounded,
+        // deadlock-free teardown from any thread.
+        do_read(conn);
+        conn->io_context.run();
+    } catch (const std::exception& e) {
+        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(warning) << "signaling: run() exception: " << e.what();
+        if (!m_stop.load())
+            unavailable(CameraUnavailableReason::Closed, e.what());
+    }
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex);
+        m_conn.reset();
+    }
+    m_open.store(false);
+}
+
+void OrcaCloudSignalingChannel::do_read(std::shared_ptr<Connection> conn)
+{
+    auto buffer = std::make_shared<boost::beast::flat_buffer>();
+    conn->websocket.async_read(
+        *buffer, [this, conn, buffer](boost::system::error_code ec, std::size_t) {
+            if (ec) {
+                if (!m_stop.load())
+                    unavailable(CameraUnavailableReason::Closed, ec.message());
+                return; // do not re-arm; io_context.run() unwinds
+            }
+            const std::string raw = boost::beast::buffers_to_string(buffer->data());
+            // A malformed or unexpectedly-shaped message must not tear down the
+            // session: parse/dispatch is guarded.
+            try {
+                dispatch_message(nlohmann::json::parse(raw), raw);
+            } catch (const std::exception& e) {
+                BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(warning) << "signaling: ignoring malformed message: " << e.what()
+                                           << " raw=" << raw.substr(0, 256);
+            }
+            if (!m_stop.load())
+                do_read(conn);
+        });
+}
+
+// Returns the string at key, or "" if absent or not a string (JSON null included).
+static std::string json_string(const nlohmann::json& object, const char* key)
+{
+    const auto it = object.find(key);
+    return (it != object.end() && it->is_string()) ? it->get<std::string>() : std::string{};
+}
+
+void OrcaCloudSignalingChannel::dispatch_message(const nlohmann::json& message, const std::string& raw)
+{
+    const std::string type = json_string(message, "type");
+    BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info) << "signaling: recv type=" << type << " raw=" << raw.substr(0, 256);
+    if (type == "webrtc.answer") {
+        const std::string sdp = json_string(message, "sdp");
+        if (on_answer && !sdp.empty())
+            on_answer(sdp);
+    } else if (type == "webrtc.ice" && message.contains("candidate")) {
+        // The peer may send "candidate" as a flat string or as a nested
+        // RTCIceCandidateInit object { candidate, sdpMid, sdpMLineIndex }.
+        const nlohmann::json& candidate = message["candidate"];
+        std::string sdp_candidate;
+        std::string mid = json_string(message, "sdpMid");
+        if (candidate.is_string()) {
+            sdp_candidate = candidate.get<std::string>();
+        } else if (candidate.is_object()) {
+            sdp_candidate = json_string(candidate, "candidate");
+            std::string nested_mid = json_string(candidate, "sdpMid");
+            if (!nested_mid.empty())
+                mid = std::move(nested_mid);
+        }
+        if (on_ice && !sdp_candidate.empty())
+            on_ice(sdp_candidate, mid);
+    } else if (type == "webrtc.unavailable") {
+        const std::string reason = json_string(message, "reason");
+        unavailable(reason == "busy" ? CameraUnavailableReason::Busy
+                                     : reason == "disabled" ? CameraUnavailableReason::Disabled
+                                                            : CameraUnavailableReason::Error,
+                    reason.empty() ? "error" : reason);
+    }
+}
+
+void OrcaCloudSignalingChannel::send_json(const std::string& message)
+{
+    std::shared_ptr<Connection> conn;
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex);
+        conn = m_conn;
+    }
+    if (!conn || m_stop.load())
+        return;
+    // Serialize the write onto the io_context thread (same thread that runs
+    // async_read), so reads and writes never touch the stream concurrently.
+    auto payload = std::make_shared<std::string>(message);
+    boost::asio::post(conn->io_context, [this, conn, payload] {
+        if (m_stop.load())
+            return;
+        boost::system::error_code ec;
+        conn->websocket.write(boost::asio::buffer(*payload), ec);
+        if (ec && !m_stop.load())
+            unavailable(CameraUnavailableReason::Closed, ec.message());
+    });
+}
+
+} // namespace Slic3r
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "ICameraSignalingChannel.hpp"
+#include "OrcaCloudServiceAgent.hpp"
+#include "Http.hpp"
+
+#include <boost/asio/io_context.hpp>
+#include <boost/asio/ip/tcp.hpp>
+#include <boost/asio/ssl.hpp>
+#include <boost/beast/ssl.hpp>
+#include <boost/beast/websocket.hpp>
+
+#include <nlohmann/json_fwd.hpp>
+
+#include <atomic>
+#include <memory>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <string>
+#include <thread>
+
+namespace Slic3r {
+
+class OrcaCloudSignalingChannel : public ICameraSignalingChannel {
+public:
+    OrcaCloudSignalingChannel(OrcaCloudServiceAgent* cloud, std::string dev_id);
+    ~OrcaCloudSignalingChannel() override;
+
+    void open() override;
+    void close() override;
+    void send_offer(std::string sdp) override;
+    void send_ice(std::string candidate, std::string mid) override;
+
+private:
+    using WebSocket = boost::beast::websocket::stream<
+        boost::beast::ssl_stream<boost::asio::ip::tcp::socket>>;
+
+    // The io_context and ssl_context must outlive the websocket stream that
+    // references them. Bundling them here with the stream declared last makes
+    // the destruction order correct (stream first, then contexts), and lets a
+    // single shared_ptr own the whole set.
+    struct Connection {
+        boost::asio::io_context io_context;
+        boost::asio::ssl::context ssl_context{boost::asio::ssl::context::tls_client};
+        WebSocket websocket{io_context, ssl_context};
+    };
+
+    void run();
+    void do_read(std::shared_ptr<Connection> conn);
+    void dispatch_message(const nlohmann::json& message, const std::string& raw);
+    void send_json(const std::string& message);
+    void unavailable(CameraUnavailableReason reason, std::string detail);
+    static std::string encode_path_component(const std::string& value);
+
+    OrcaCloudServiceAgent* m_cloud;
+
+    Http::Ptr m_inflight_requests{nullptr};
+
+    std::string m_dev_id;
+    std::atomic<bool> m_stop{false};
+    std::atomic<bool> m_open{false};
+    std::thread m_thread;
+    mutable std::mutex m_mutex;
+    std::shared_ptr<Connection> m_conn;
+};
+
+} // namespace Slic3r
@@ -0,0 +1,805 @@
+#include "OrcaMqttConnection.hpp"
+#include "Http.hpp"
+
+#include <boost/asio.hpp>
+#include <boost/asio/ssl.hpp>
+#include <boost/beast/core.hpp>
+#include <boost/beast/ssl.hpp>
+#include <boost/beast/websocket.hpp>
+
+#include <openssl/ssl.h>
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <chrono>
+#include <memory>
+#include <optional>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <utility>
+
+namespace Slic3r {
+
+struct OrcaMqttConnection::Connection {
+    boost::asio::io_context io_context;
+    boost::asio::ssl::context ssl_context;
+    boost::asio::ip::tcp::resolver resolver;
+    boost::asio::steady_timer keepalive_timer;
+    boost::beast::flat_buffer read_buffer;
+    std::deque<std::shared_ptr<std::vector<uint8_t>>> outbound_packets;
+    boost::system::error_code terminal_error;
+    std::atomic_bool async_session_started{false};
+    bool write_in_progress{false};
+    // Exactly one of these is engaged once ws_handshake() has run: wss for
+    // wss:// endpoints, ws for plaintext ws://.
+    std::optional<TlsWebSocket>   wss;
+    std::optional<PlainWebSocket> ws;
+
+    Connection()
+        : ssl_context(boost::asio::ssl::context::tls_client)
+        , resolver(io_context)
+        , keepalive_timer(io_context)
+    {}
+};
+
+namespace {
+// Apply / clear a tcp_stream timeout on whichever websocket is engaged.
+// Templated on the connection type only because Connection is a private nested
+// type: a deduced parameter needs no (inaccessible) name for it.
+template<class Conn> void expires_after(Conn& conn, std::chrono::seconds timeout) {
+    if (conn.wss)     boost::beast::get_lowest_layer(*conn.wss).expires_after(timeout);
+    else if (conn.ws) boost::beast::get_lowest_layer(*conn.ws).expires_after(timeout);
+}
+template<class Conn> void expires_never(Conn& conn) {
+    if (conn.wss)     boost::beast::get_lowest_layer(*conn.wss).expires_never();
+    else if (conn.ws) boost::beast::get_lowest_layer(*conn.ws).expires_never();
+}
+} // namespace
+
+OrcaMqttConnection::~OrcaMqttConnection() { stop(); }
+
+bool OrcaMqttConnection::start(const Config& config, MessageHandler on_message, StateHandler on_state) {
+    std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> lifecycle_lock(lifecycle_mutex);
+    stop();
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex);
+        current_config    = config;
+        this->on_message  = std::move(on_message);
+        this->on_state    = std::move(on_state);
+        initial_result    = false;
+        initial_completed = false;
+        connected         = false;
+        m_last_connack_rc.store(-1);
+    }
+    stopping.store(false);
+    worker = std::thread(&OrcaMqttConnection::run, this);
+
+    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex);
+    if (!initial_cv.wait_for(lock, std::chrono::seconds(10), [this] { return initial_completed; })) {
+        initial_completed = true;
+        initial_result    = false;
+    }
+    return initial_result;
+}
+
+void OrcaMqttConnection::stop() {
+    std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> lifecycle_lock(lifecycle_mutex);
+    stopping.store(true);
+    state_cv.notify_all();
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(connection_mutex);
+        if (active_connection) {
+            if (active_connection->async_session_started.load()) {
+                // The worker owns the live WebSocket. Stop dispatching its
+                // asynchronous operations; the worker closes the socket after
+                // leaving the event loop.
+                active_connection->io_context.stop();
+            } else {
+                // Setup still uses synchronous operations on the worker. Wake a
+                // pending resolve/connect/CONNACK read without competing with a
+                // live asynchronous session.
+                auto shutdown_socket = [](auto& websocket) {
+                    auto& socket = boost::beast::get_lowest_layer(websocket).socket();
+                    boost::system::error_code socket_error;
+                    if (socket.cancel(socket_error))
+                        return;
+                    if (socket.shutdown(boost::asio::ip::tcp::socket::shutdown_both, socket_error))
+                        return;
+                    if (socket.close(socket_error))
+                        return;
+                };
+                if (active_connection->wss)
+                    shutdown_socket(*active_connection->wss);
+                else if (active_connection->ws)
+                    shutdown_socket(*active_connection->ws);
+                active_connection->resolver.cancel();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if (worker.joinable())
+        worker.join();
+
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex);
+        connected = false;
+        acknowledged_subscriptions.clear();
+        pending_subscribe_packets.clear();
+        pending_requests.clear();
+        if (!initial_completed) {
+            initial_completed = true;
+            initial_result    = false;
+        }
+    }
+    initial_cv.notify_all();
+}
+
+bool OrcaMqttConnection::is_running() const {
+    return worker.joinable() && !stopping.load();
+}
+
+void OrcaMqttConnection::flush_subscription_change() {
+    std::shared_ptr<Connection> conn;
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(connection_mutex);
+        conn = active_connection;
+    }
+    bool connacked;
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex);
+        connacked = connected;
+    }
+    if (!conn || !connacked)
+        return; // no live MQTT session yet — the worker sends the set on CONNACK
+    boost::asio::post(conn->io_context, [this, conn] {
+        if (!stopping.load() && connected.load())
+            send_pending_subscriptions(conn);
+    });
+}
+
+bool OrcaMqttConnection::subscribe(const std::string& dev_id) {
+    if (dev_id.empty()) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    const std::string topic = report_topic(dev_id);
+    if (topic.size() > 96) { // MQTT topic filter cap enforced by the service
+        return false;
+    }
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex);
+        if (subscriptions.count(topic) != 0 && pending_unsubscriptions.count(topic) == 0) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        subscriptions.insert(topic);
+        pending_unsubscriptions.erase(topic);
+        pending_subscriptions.insert(topic);
+    }
+    state_cv.notify_all();
+    flush_subscription_change(); // ask the worker to emit SUBSCRIBE now (no reconnect)
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool OrcaMqttConnection::unsubscribe(const std::string& dev_id) {
+    const std::string topic = report_topic(dev_id);
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex);
+        subscriptions.erase(topic);
+        acknowledged_subscriptions.erase(topic);
+        pending_subscriptions.erase(topic);
+        pending_unsubscriptions.insert(topic);
+        for (auto it = pending_subscribe_packets.begin(); it != pending_subscribe_packets.end();) {
+            if (it->second == topic)
+                it = pending_subscribe_packets.erase(it);
+            else
+                ++it;
+        }
+        for (auto it = pending_requests.begin(); it != pending_requests.end();) {
+            if (it->first == dev_id)
+                it = pending_requests.erase(it);
+            else
+                ++it;
+        }
+    }
+    state_cv.notify_all();
+    flush_subscription_change(); // ask the worker to emit UNSUBSCRIBE now (no reconnect)
+    return true;
+}
+
+void OrcaMqttConnection::clear_subscriptions() {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex);
+    subscriptions.clear();
+    pending_subscriptions.clear();
+    pending_unsubscriptions.clear();
+    acknowledged_subscriptions.clear();
+    pending_subscribe_packets.clear();
+    pending_requests.clear();
+}
+
+bool OrcaMqttConnection::parse_endpoint(const std::string& url, Endpoint& endpoint) {
+    std::string rest;
+    std::string default_port;
+    if      (url.rfind("wss://", 0) == 0) { rest = url.substr(6); default_port = "443"; }
+    else if (url.rfind("ws://",  0) == 0) { rest = url.substr(5); default_port = "80";  }
+    else return false;
+
+    const auto slash = rest.find('/');
+    const std::string authority = rest.substr(0, slash);
+    endpoint.target = (slash == std::string::npos) ? "/" : rest.substr(slash);
+
+    // host[:port] — leave an unbracketed IPv6 literal alone
+    const auto colon = authority.rfind(':');
+    if (colon != std::string::npos && authority.find(']') == std::string::npos) {
+        endpoint.host = authority.substr(0, colon);
+        endpoint.port = authority.substr(colon + 1);
+    } else {
+        endpoint.host = authority;
+        endpoint.port = default_port;
+    }
+    return !endpoint.host.empty() && !endpoint.port.empty() && !endpoint.target.empty();
+}
+
+void OrcaMqttConnection::append_string(std::vector<uint8_t>& packet, const std::string& value) {
+    if (value.size() > 0xffff)
+        throw std::runtime_error("MQTT string is too long");
+    packet.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>(value.size() >> 8));
+    packet.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>(value.size() & 0xff));
+    packet.insert(packet.end(), value.begin(), value.end());
+}
+
+void OrcaMqttConnection::prepend_remaining_length(std::vector<uint8_t>& packet, size_t length) {
+    std::vector<uint8_t> encoded;
+    do {
+        uint8_t byte = static_cast<uint8_t>(length % 128);
+        length /= 128;
+        if (length != 0)
+            byte |= 0x80;
+        encoded.push_back(byte);
+    } while (length != 0);
+    packet.insert(packet.begin() + 1, encoded.begin(), encoded.end());
+}
+
+std::vector<uint8_t> OrcaMqttConnection::make_connect_packet(
+    const std::string& client_id, const std::string& username,
+    const std::string& password, int keepalive_seconds) {
+    std::vector<uint8_t> packet{0x10};
+    append_string(packet, "MQTT");
+    packet.push_back(4); // protocol level 3.1.1
+
+    uint8_t flags = 0x02; // clean session
+    if (!username.empty()) { flags |= 0x80; if (!password.empty()) flags |= 0x40; }
+    packet.push_back(flags);
+
+    packet.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>(keepalive_seconds >> 8));
+    packet.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>(keepalive_seconds & 0xff));
+
+    append_string(packet, client_id.empty() ? "OrcaSlicer" : client_id);
+    if (!username.empty()) {
+        append_string(packet, username);
+        if (!password.empty()) append_string(packet, password);
+    }
+    prepend_remaining_length(packet, packet.size() - 1);
+    return packet;
+}
+
+std::string OrcaMqttConnection::report_topic(const std::string& device_id) { return "device/" + device_id + "/report"; }
+
+std::string OrcaMqttConnection::request_topic(const std::string& id) { return "device/" + id + "/request"; }
+
+std::vector<uint8_t> OrcaMqttConnection::make_publish_packet(const std::string& topic, const std::string& payload) {
+    std::vector<uint8_t> packet{0x30}; // PUBLISH, QoS 0, no retain
+    append_string(packet, topic);      // no packet id at QoS 0
+    packet.insert(packet.end(), payload.begin(), payload.end());
+    prepend_remaining_length(packet, packet.size() - 1);
+    return packet;
+}
+
+std::vector<uint8_t> OrcaMqttConnection::make_subscribe_packet(uint16_t id, const std::string& topic, uint8_t qos) {
+    std::vector<uint8_t> packet{0x82};
+    packet.push_back(id >> 8); packet.push_back(id & 0xff);
+    append_string(packet, topic);
+    packet.push_back(qos);
+    prepend_remaining_length(packet, packet.size() - 1);
+    return packet;
+}
+
+std::vector<uint8_t> OrcaMqttConnection::make_unsubscribe_packet(uint16_t id, const std::string& topic) {
+    std::vector<uint8_t> packet{0xA2};
+    packet.push_back(id >> 8); packet.push_back(id & 0xff);
+    append_string(packet, topic);
+    prepend_remaining_length(packet, packet.size() - 1);
+    return packet;
+}
+
+std::vector<uint8_t> OrcaMqttConnection::make_ping_packet() { return {0xc0, 0}; }
+
+void OrcaMqttConnection::ws_write(Connection& conn, const std::vector<uint8_t>& packet) {
+    if (packet.empty()) {
+        return;
+    }
+    if (conn.wss) {
+        conn.wss->binary(true);
+        conn.wss->write(boost::asio::buffer(packet));
+    } else if (conn.ws) {
+        conn.ws->binary(true);
+        conn.ws->write(boost::asio::buffer(packet));
+    }
+}
+
+void OrcaMqttConnection::close_connection(Connection& conn) {
+    boost::system::error_code error;
+    if (conn.wss) {
+        auto& socket = boost::beast::get_lowest_layer(*conn.wss).socket();
+        if (socket.cancel(error))
+            return;
+        if (socket.shutdown(boost::asio::ip::tcp::socket::shutdown_both, error))
+            return;
+        if (socket.close(error))
+            return;
+    } else if (conn.ws) {
+        auto& socket = boost::beast::get_lowest_layer(*conn.ws).socket();
+        if (socket.cancel(error))
+            return;
+        if (socket.shutdown(boost::asio::ip::tcp::socket::shutdown_both, error))
+            return;
+        if (socket.close(error))
+            return;
+    }
+}
+
+void OrcaMqttConnection::enqueue_packet(const std::shared_ptr<Connection>& conn,
+                                        std::vector<uint8_t> packet) {
+    if (!conn || packet.empty())
+        return;
+    conn->outbound_packets.emplace_back(std::make_shared<std::vector<uint8_t>>(std::move(packet)));
+    start_async_write(conn);
+}
+
+void OrcaMqttConnection::start_async_write(const std::shared_ptr<Connection>& conn) {
+    if (!conn || conn->write_in_progress || conn->outbound_packets.empty() || stopping.load())
+        return;
+
+    conn->write_in_progress = true;
+    const auto packet = conn->outbound_packets.front();
+    auto on_write = [this, conn](const boost::system::error_code& error, std::size_t) {
+        conn->write_in_progress = false;
+        if (error) {
+            if (!stopping.load())
+                conn->terminal_error = error;
+            conn->io_context.stop();
+            return;
+        }
+        conn->outbound_packets.pop_front();
+        start_async_write(conn);
+    };
+    if (conn->wss) {
+        conn->wss->binary(true);
+        conn->wss->async_write(boost::asio::buffer(*packet), std::move(on_write));
+    } else if (conn->ws) {
+        conn->ws->binary(true);
+        conn->ws->async_write(boost::asio::buffer(*packet), std::move(on_write));
+    } else {
+        conn->write_in_progress = false;
+        conn->outbound_packets.pop_front();
+    }
+}
+
+void OrcaMqttConnection::start_async_read(const std::shared_ptr<Connection>& conn) {
+    if (!conn || stopping.load())
+        return;
+
+    auto on_read = [this, conn](const boost::system::error_code& error, std::size_t) {
+        if (error) {
+            if (!stopping.load())
+                conn->terminal_error = error;
+            conn->io_context.stop();
+            return;
+        }
+        const std::string packet = boost::beast::buffers_to_string(conn->read_buffer.data());
+        conn->read_buffer.consume(conn->read_buffer.size());
+        handle_packet(packet);
+        start_async_read(conn);
+    };
+    if (conn->wss)
+        conn->wss->async_read(conn->read_buffer, std::move(on_read));
+    else if (conn->ws)
+        conn->ws->async_read(conn->read_buffer, std::move(on_read));
+}
+
+void OrcaMqttConnection::schedule_keepalive(const std::shared_ptr<Connection>& conn) {
+    const int keepalive = current_config.keepalive_seconds;
+    if (!conn || keepalive <= 0 || stopping.load())
+        return;
+
+    conn->keepalive_timer.expires_after(std::chrono::seconds(std::max(1, keepalive / 2)));
+    conn->keepalive_timer.async_wait([this, conn](const boost::system::error_code& error) {
+        if (error || stopping.load())
+            return;
+        enqueue_packet(conn, make_ping_packet());
+        schedule_keepalive(conn);
+    });
+}
+
+void OrcaMqttConnection::post_packet(const std::shared_ptr<Connection>& conn,
+                                     std::vector<uint8_t> packet) {
+    if (!conn || packet.empty())
+        return;
+    boost::asio::post(conn->io_context, [this, conn, packet = std::move(packet)]() mutable {
+        if (!stopping.load())
+            enqueue_packet(conn, std::move(packet));
+    });
+}
+
+std::size_t OrcaMqttConnection::ws_read(Connection& conn, boost::beast::flat_buffer& buffer,
+                                        boost::system::error_code& ec) {
+    if (conn.wss)
+        return conn.wss->read(buffer, ec);
+    if (conn.ws)
+        return conn.ws->read(buffer, ec);
+    ec = boost::asio::error::not_connected;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+void OrcaMqttConnection::ws_handshake(Connection& conn, const Config& config, const Endpoint& endpoint) {
+    const auto results = conn.resolver.resolve(endpoint.host, endpoint.port);
+
+    std::string token;
+    if (config.bearer_provider) {
+        token = config.bearer_provider();
+    }
+    auto decorator = [token](boost::beast::websocket::request_type& request) {
+        request.set(boost::beast::http::field::user_agent, "OrcaSlicer");
+        if (!token.empty())
+            request.set(boost::beast::http::field::authorization, "Bearer " + token);
+        request.set("Sec-WebSocket-Protocol", "mqtt");
+    };
+    boost::beast::http::response<boost::beast::http::string_body> response;
+    boost::system::error_code handshake_error;
+
+    if (config.use_tls) {
+        // stop() inspects the engaged optional under connection_mutex; publish it
+        // under the same lock, then release before the blocking connect.
+        {
+            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(connection_mutex);
+            conn.wss.emplace(conn.io_context, conn.ssl_context);
+        }
+        auto& websocket = *conn.wss;
+        auto& stream    = boost::beast::get_lowest_layer(websocket);
+        stream.expires_after(std::chrono::seconds(10));
+        stream.connect(results);
+        // Set SNI before the TLS handshake so the cloud edge selects the correct
+        // certificate.
+        auto& tls_stream = websocket.next_layer();
+        if (!SSL_set_tlsext_host_name(tls_stream.native_handle(), endpoint.host.c_str()))
+            throw std::runtime_error("failed to set Orca Cloud TLS server name");
+        if (!config.ca_file.empty())
+            conn.ssl_context.load_verify_file(config.ca_file);
+        else
+            conn.ssl_context.set_default_verify_paths();
+        Http::add_platform_root_certificates(conn.ssl_context.native_handle());
+        tls_stream.set_verify_mode(boost::asio::ssl::verify_peer);
+        tls_stream.set_verify_callback(boost::asio::ssl::host_name_verification(endpoint.host));
+        tls_stream.handshake(boost::asio::ssl::stream_base::client);
+        websocket.set_option(boost::beast::websocket::stream_base::decorator(decorator));
+        websocket.handshake(response, endpoint.host, endpoint.target, handshake_error);
+    } else {
+        {
+            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(connection_mutex);
+            conn.ws.emplace(conn.io_context);
+        }
+        auto& websocket = *conn.ws;
+        auto& stream    = boost::beast::get_lowest_layer(websocket);
+        stream.expires_after(std::chrono::seconds(10));
+        stream.connect(results);
+        websocket.set_option(boost::beast::websocket::stream_base::decorator(decorator));
+        websocket.handshake(response, endpoint.host, endpoint.target, handshake_error);
+    }
+
+    if (handshake_error) {
+        throw boost::system::system_error(handshake_error, "Orca WebSocket handshake");
+    }
+    if (response["Sec-WebSocket-Protocol"] != "mqtt") {
+        throw std::runtime_error("Orca WebSocket did not negotiate MQTT");
+    }
+}
+
+bool OrcaMqttConnection::send_request(const std::string& dev_id, const std::string& payload) {
+    if (dev_id.empty()) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (!connected.load()) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    std::shared_ptr<Connection> conn;
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(connection_mutex);
+        conn = active_connection;
+    }
+    if (!conn) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    const std::string report = report_topic(dev_id);
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex);
+        if (subscriptions.count(report) != 0 && acknowledged_subscriptions.count(report) == 0) {
+            pending_requests.emplace_back(dev_id, payload);
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    post_packet(conn, make_publish_packet(request_topic(dev_id), payload));
+    return true;
+}
+
+void OrcaMqttConnection::connect_and_read() {
+    auto connection = std::make_shared<Connection>();
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(connection_mutex);
+        active_connection = connection;
+        if (stopping.load()) {
+            active_connection.reset();
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+
+    auto clear_connection = [this, connection] {
+        close_connection(*connection);
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(connection_mutex);
+        if (active_connection == connection)
+            active_connection.reset();
+    };
+
+    try {
+        Endpoint endpoint;
+        if (!parse_endpoint(current_config.url, endpoint)) {
+            throw std::runtime_error("invalid Orca Cloud WebSocket endpoint");
+        }
+
+
+        ws_handshake(*connection, current_config, endpoint);
+
+        // Auth precedence: a bearer_provider authenticates the WebSocket upgrade, so the
+        // CONNECT username/password fields are omitted entirely (the cloud form).
+        const bool use_bearer = static_cast<bool>(current_config.bearer_provider);
+        ws_write(*connection, make_connect_packet(current_config.client_id,
+                                                  use_bearer ? std::string() : current_config.username,
+                                                  use_bearer ? std::string() : current_config.password,
+                                                  current_config.keepalive_seconds));
+
+        boost::beast::flat_buffer buffer;
+        expires_after(*connection, std::chrono::seconds(10));
+        boost::system::error_code connack_error;
+        ws_read(*connection, buffer, connack_error);
+        if (connack_error)
+            throw boost::system::system_error(connack_error, "read Orca MQTT CONNACK");
+        // Beast leaves this expiry armed after the synchronous CONNACK read above;
+        // disable it before starting the long-lived async WebSocket session.
+        expires_never(*connection);
+        const std::string connack = boost::beast::buffers_to_string(buffer.data());
+        // rc: 0 accepted, 1..5 refusal, -1 malformed/not a CONNACK.
+        const int rc = (connack.size() == 4 && static_cast<uint8_t>(connack[0]) == 0x20)
+                           ? static_cast<int>(static_cast<uint8_t>(connack[3]))
+                           : -1;
+        m_last_connack_rc.store(rc);
+        if (rc != 0) {
+            if (rc == 4 || rc == 5) {
+                // Bad credentials / not authorized — retrying cannot help. Make run()'s
+                // loop exit and unblock any waiting start().
+                stopping.store(true);
+                {
+                    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex);
+                    initial_completed = true;
+                    initial_result    = false;
+                }
+                initial_cv.notify_all();
+            }
+            throw std::runtime_error("Orca MQTT CONNECT refused rc=" + std::to_string(rc));
+        }
+
+        // The subscription acknowledgement belongs to this MQTT session. Clear
+        // the previous session's state before notifying the owner, because the
+        // reconnect callback immediately queues the printer's initial requests.
+        {
+            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex);
+            acknowledged_subscriptions.clear();
+            pending_subscribe_packets.clear();
+        }
+        connection->async_session_started.store(true);
+        notify_state(true);
+        reconnect_delay_seconds.store(1); // a fresh CONNACK resets the backoff
+        send_current_subscriptions(connection);
+        start_async_read(connection);
+        schedule_keepalive(connection);
+    const std::size_t handlers_run = connection->io_context.run();
+    if (handlers_run == 0 && !stopping.load())
+        throw std::runtime_error("Orca MQTT event loop stopped unexpectedly");
+        if (connection->terminal_error && !stopping.load())
+            throw boost::system::system_error(connection->terminal_error, "read Orca MQTT message");
+        clear_connection();
+        if (!stopping.load())
+            notify_state(false);
+    } catch (...) {
+        clear_connection();
+        throw;
+    }
+}
+
+void OrcaMqttConnection::send_current_subscriptions(const std::shared_ptr<Connection>& conn) {
+    std::vector<std::string> topics;
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex);
+        topics.assign(subscriptions.begin(), subscriptions.end());
+        acknowledged_subscriptions.clear();
+        pending_subscribe_packets.clear();
+        for (const std::string& topic : topics)
+            pending_subscriptions.erase(topic);
+    }
+    for (const std::string& topic : topics) {
+        const uint16_t packet_id = next_packet_id++;
+        {
+            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex);
+            pending_subscribe_packets[packet_id] = topic;
+        }
+        enqueue_packet(conn, make_subscribe_packet(packet_id, topic, 1));
+    }
+}
+
+void OrcaMqttConnection::send_pending_subscriptions(const std::shared_ptr<Connection>& conn) {
+    std::vector<std::string> subscribe_topics;
+    std::vector<std::string> unsubscribe_topics;
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex);
+        subscribe_topics.assign(pending_subscriptions.begin(), pending_subscriptions.end());
+        unsubscribe_topics.assign(pending_unsubscriptions.begin(), pending_unsubscriptions.end());
+        pending_subscriptions.clear();
+        pending_unsubscriptions.clear();
+    }
+    for (const std::string& topic : subscribe_topics) {
+        const uint16_t packet_id = next_packet_id++;
+        {
+            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex);
+            pending_subscribe_packets[packet_id] = topic;
+        }
+        enqueue_packet(conn, make_subscribe_packet(packet_id, topic, 1));
+    }
+    for (const std::string& topic : unsubscribe_topics) {
+        const uint16_t packet_id = next_packet_id++;
+        enqueue_packet(conn, make_unsubscribe_packet(packet_id, topic));
+    }
+}
+
+void OrcaMqttConnection::handle_packet(const std::string& packet) {
+    if (packet.size() < 2) {
+        return;
+    }
+    const uint8_t header = static_cast<uint8_t>(packet[0]);
+    const uint8_t packet_type = header >> 4;
+    if (packet_type != 3) { // Only QoS 0 PUBLISH carries printer status.
+        if (packet_type == 9 && packet.size() >= 5) {
+            const uint16_t packet_id = (static_cast<unsigned int>(static_cast<uint8_t>(packet[2])) << 8) |
+                                       static_cast<unsigned int>(static_cast<uint8_t>(packet[3]));
+            std::ostringstream result_codes;
+            for (size_t index = 4; index < packet.size(); ++index) {
+                if (index != 4)
+                    result_codes << ',';
+                result_codes << "0x" << std::hex << static_cast<unsigned int>(static_cast<uint8_t>(packet[index]));
+            }
+
+            // Each production SUBSCRIBE packet currently contains one topic.
+            // MQTT grants QoS 0 or 1 for a requested QoS 1 subscription; 0x80
+            // means the subscription was rejected.
+            const uint8_t result = static_cast<uint8_t>(packet[4]);
+            std::string topic;
+            std::deque<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> requests;
+            {
+                std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex);
+                auto pending = pending_subscribe_packets.find(packet_id);
+                if (pending != pending_subscribe_packets.end()) {
+                    topic = pending->second;
+                    pending_subscribe_packets.erase(pending);
+                    for (auto it = pending_requests.begin(); it != pending_requests.end();) {
+                        if (report_topic(it->first) == topic) {
+                            requests.push_back(std::move(*it));
+                            it = pending_requests.erase(it);
+                        } else {
+                            ++it;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    if (result == 0 || result == 1) {
+                        acknowledged_subscriptions.insert(topic);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if (topic.empty()) {
+            } else if (result == 0 || result == 1) {
+                for (const auto& request : requests) {
+                    if (!send_request(request.first, request.second)) {
+                    }
+                }
+            } else {
+            }
+        }
+        return;
+    }
+    size_t index = 1;
+    size_t multiplier = 1;
+    size_t remaining = 0;
+    uint8_t encoded = 0;
+    do {
+        if (index >= packet.size() || multiplier > 128 * 128 * 128) {
+            return;
+        }
+        encoded = static_cast<uint8_t>(packet[index++]);
+        remaining += (encoded & 0x7f) * multiplier;
+        multiplier *= 128;
+    } while ((encoded & 0x80) != 0);
+    const size_t remaining_end = index + remaining;
+    if (remaining_end > packet.size() || remaining < 2 || index + 2 > remaining_end) {
+        return;
+    }
+    const uint16_t topic_length = (static_cast<uint8_t>(packet[index]) << 8) |
+                                  static_cast<uint8_t>(packet[index + 1]);
+    index += 2;
+    if (topic_length > packet.size() - index) {
+        return;
+    }
+    const std::string topic(packet.data() + index, topic_length);
+    index += topic_length;
+    if (((header >> 1) & 0x03) != 0) {
+        if (index + 2 > remaining_end) {
+            return;
+        }
+        index += 2; // QoS 1/2 packet identifier; the service currently sends QoS 0.
+    }
+    const size_t payload_size = remaining_end - index;
+    // topic is "device/<id>/report" (or "/request"); hand the id up, drop anything else.
+    std::string dev_id;
+    if (topic.rfind("device/", 0) == 0) {
+        const size_t id_start = 7;
+        const size_t id_end   = topic.rfind('/');
+        if (id_end != std::string::npos && id_end > id_start)
+            dev_id = topic.substr(id_start, id_end - id_start);
+    }
+    if (dev_id.empty()) {
+    } else if (on_message) {
+        on_message(dev_id, packet.substr(index, remaining_end - index));
+    } else {
+    }
+}
+
+void OrcaMqttConnection::notify_state(bool is_now_connected) {
+    StateHandler callback;
+    bool initial = false;
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex);
+        connected = is_now_connected;
+        initial   = !initial_completed;
+        if (initial) {
+            initial_result    = is_now_connected;
+            initial_completed = true;
+        }
+        callback = on_state;
+    }
+    if (initial)
+        initial_cv.notify_all();
+    else if (callback)
+        callback(is_now_connected, false);
+}
+
+void OrcaMqttConnection::run() {
+    while (!stopping.load()) {
+        const int retry_seconds = reconnect_delay_seconds.load();
+        const uint64_t attempt = ++m_attempt_number;
+        try {
+            connect_and_read();
+        } catch (const std::exception& error) {
+            if (!stopping.load())
+                notify_state(false);
+        }
+        if (stopping.load())
+            break;
+        // Grow the backoff only across attempts that never reached CONNACK; a
+        // successful connection resets reconnect_delay_seconds to 1 (connect_and_read).
+        reconnect_delay_seconds.store(std::min(retry_seconds * 2, 30));
+        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex);
+        state_cv.wait_for(lock, std::chrono::seconds(retry_seconds), [this] { return stopping.load(); });
+    }
+}
+
+} // namespace Slic3r
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+#ifndef slic3r_OrcaMqttConnection_hpp_
+#define slic3r_OrcaMqttConnection_hpp_
+
+#include <boost/asio/ssl.hpp>
+#include <boost/beast/core.hpp>
+#include <boost/beast/ssl.hpp>
+#include <boost/beast/websocket.hpp>
+#include <atomic>
+#include <condition_variable>
+#include <deque>
+#include <functional>
+#include <map>
+#include <memory>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <set>
+#include <string>
+#include <thread>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <cstdint>
+
+namespace Slic3r {
+
+// Minimal MQTT 3.1.1 codec + WebSocket transport (ws:// and wss://), shared by the
+// LAN (OrcaSonar) and cloud (fleet) printer connections. Both PUBLISH
+// commands to device/<id>/request and SUBSCRIBE device/<id>/report; Config is the
+// only per-transport difference.
+class OrcaMqttConnection
+{
+public:
+    using TokenProvider  = std::function<std::string()>;
+    using MessageHandler = std::function<void(const std::string&, const std::string&)>;
+    using StateHandler   = std::function<void(bool connected, bool initial)>;
+
+    struct Endpoint { std::string host; std::string port; std::string target; };
+
+    struct Config {
+        std::string   url;
+        bool          use_tls = false;
+        std::string   ca_file;
+        TokenProvider bearer_provider;       // set => bearer on WS upgrade, CONNECT creds omitted
+        std::string   username;
+        std::string   password;
+        std::string   client_id  = "OrcaSlicer";
+        int           keepalive_seconds = 60;
+    };
+
+    static bool parse_endpoint(const std::string& url, Endpoint& endpoint);
+
+    // Build an MQTT 3.1.1 CONNECT packet. Clean-session is always set; the
+    // username/password connect flags and payload fields are added only when
+    // username is non-empty (the cloud form authenticates via a bearer on the
+    // WebSocket upgrade and omits CONNECT credentials). Public for unit tests.
+    static std::vector<uint8_t> make_connect_packet(const std::string& client_id,
+                                                    const std::string& username,
+                                                    const std::string& password,
+                                                    int keepalive_seconds);
+
+    // Topic-string helpers for the per-device request/report channels and the
+    // MQTT 3.1.1 PUBLISH / SUBSCRIBE / UNSUBSCRIBE packet builders. All public
+    // for unit tests. make_publish_packet emits QoS 0 (no packet identifier).
+    static std::string request_topic(const std::string& dev_id);            // "device/<id>/request"
+    static std::string report_topic(const std::string& dev_id);             // "device/<id>/report"
+    static std::vector<uint8_t> make_publish_packet(const std::string& topic, const std::string& payload);
+    static std::vector<uint8_t> make_subscribe_packet(uint16_t packet_id, const std::string& topic, uint8_t qos);
+    static std::vector<uint8_t> make_unsubscribe_packet(uint16_t packet_id, const std::string& topic);
+
+    ~OrcaMqttConnection();
+
+    bool start(const Config& config, MessageHandler on_message, StateHandler on_state);
+    void stop();
+    // True while the worker thread is alive (connected OR retrying). Lets callers
+    // avoid restarting a healthy connection.
+    bool is_running() const;
+    // True once CONNACK has been received and the socket has not since dropped.
+    bool is_connected() const { return connected.load(); }
+    bool subscribe(const std::string& dev_id);
+    bool unsubscribe(const std::string& dev_id);
+    // Last MQTT CONNACK return code: 0 ok, 1..5 refusal, -1 none seen this attempt.
+    int  last_connack_rc() const { return m_last_connack_rc.load(); }
+    void clear_subscriptions();
+    bool send_request(const std::string& dev_id, const std::string& payload);
+
+private:
+    // The endpoint may be either a TLS (wss://) or a plaintext (ws://) WebSocket;
+    // Connection holds whichever one is engaged and the ws_* helpers below
+    // dispatch on it.
+    using TlsWebSocket   = boost::beast::websocket::stream<
+        boost::asio::ssl::stream<boost::beast::tcp_stream>>;
+    using PlainWebSocket = boost::beast::websocket::stream<boost::beast::tcp_stream>;
+    struct Connection;
+
+    static void append_string(std::vector<uint8_t>& packet, const std::string& value);
+    static void prepend_remaining_length(std::vector<uint8_t>& packet, size_t length);
+    static std::vector<uint8_t> make_ping_packet();
+
+    // Transport dispatch: each forwards to conn.wss (TLS) or conn.ws (plaintext).
+    // These synchronous operations are called only by the MQTT worker during
+    // connection setup. Once the MQTT session is established, all socket I/O is
+    // asynchronous and owned by that worker's io_context.
+    void        ws_write(Connection& conn, const std::vector<uint8_t>& packet);
+    std::size_t ws_read(Connection& conn, boost::beast::flat_buffer& buffer, boost::system::error_code& ec);
+    void        ws_handshake(Connection& conn, const Config& config, const Endpoint& endpoint);
+    void        close_connection(Connection& conn);
+    void        enqueue_packet(const std::shared_ptr<Connection>& conn, std::vector<uint8_t> packet);
+    void        start_async_write(const std::shared_ptr<Connection>& conn);
+    void        start_async_read(const std::shared_ptr<Connection>& conn);
+    void        schedule_keepalive(const std::shared_ptr<Connection>& conn);
+    void        post_packet(const std::shared_ptr<Connection>& conn, std::vector<uint8_t> packet);
+    // Ask the MQTT worker to emit subscription changes on its own io_context.
+    void flush_subscription_change();
+    void connect_and_read();
+    void send_current_subscriptions(const std::shared_ptr<Connection>& conn);
+    void send_pending_subscriptions(const std::shared_ptr<Connection>& conn);
+    void handle_packet(const std::string& packet);
+    void notify_state(bool is_now_connected);
+    void run();
+
+    std::atomic_bool stopping{true};
+    std::atomic_int reconnect_delay_seconds{1};
+    // Serialises the whole of start() and stop() against each other, so the UI
+    // thread's stop() (disconnect / dtor) cannot race the connect thread's start()
+    // into a concurrent worker.join(). Recursive because start() calls stop().
+    std::recursive_mutex lifecycle_mutex;
+    std::thread worker;
+    std::mutex mutex;
+    std::mutex connection_mutex;
+    std::shared_ptr<Connection> active_connection;
+    std::condition_variable initial_cv;
+    std::condition_variable state_cv;
+    Config current_config;
+    MessageHandler on_message;
+    StateHandler on_state;
+    // Full report-topic strings ("device/<id>/report"), not bare device ids.
+    std::set<std::string> subscriptions;
+    std::set<std::string> pending_subscriptions;
+    std::set<std::string> pending_unsubscriptions;
+    // Requests for a subscribed device wait until the corresponding SUBACK is
+    // received. Otherwise an immediate pushall response can be published by
+    // the broker before this client is actually subscribed to the report topic.
+    std::set<std::string> acknowledged_subscriptions;
+    std::map<uint16_t, std::string> pending_subscribe_packets;
+    std::deque<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> pending_requests;
+    std::atomic<uint16_t> next_packet_id{1};
+    std::atomic<int> m_last_connack_rc{-1};
+    uint64_t m_attempt_number{0};       // worker-thread diagnostic sequence
+    bool initial_result{false};
+    bool initial_completed{false};
+    std::atomic_bool connected{false};
+};
+
+} // namespace Slic3r
+
+#endif // slic3r_OrcaMqttConnection_hpp_
@@ -4,19 +4,28 @@
 #include "IPrinterAgent.hpp"
 #include "ICloudServiceAgent.hpp"
 #include "bambu_networking.hpp"
+#include "OrcaCloudServiceAgent.hpp"
+#include "OrcaMqttConnection.hpp"
+#include <atomic>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <functional>
 #include <string>
 #include <mutex>
 #include <memory>
+#include <thread>

 namespace Slic3r {

+class OrcaCloudServiceAgent;
+
 /**
- * OrcaPrinterAgent - Stub implementation for printer operations.
+ * OrcaPrinterAgent - OrcaSonar MQTT printer agent.
 *
- * All printer-related operations are currently stubs that return success.
- * Actual printer connectivity requires the BBL SDK or future Orca implementation.
+ * LAN and cloud commands use the same OrcaSonar protocol payloads; only the
+ * MQTT connection selected by route_send() differs.
 */
-class OrcaPrinterAgent : public IPrinterAgent {
+class OrcaPrinterAgent : public IPrinterAgent
+{
 public:
    explicit OrcaPrinterAgent(std::string log_dir);
    ~OrcaPrinterAgent() override;
@@ -26,6 +35,8 @@ public:
    // ========================================================================

    void set_cloud_agent(std::shared_ptr<ICloudServiceAgent> cloud) override;
+    CameraStreamMode get_camera_stream_mode() const override;
+    std::string get_camera_url() const override;

    // Communication
    int send_message(std::string dev_id, std::string json_str, int qos, int flag) override;
@@ -69,10 +80,131 @@ public:
    int set_on_local_message_fn(OnMessageFn fn) override;
    int set_queue_on_main_fn(QueueOnMainFn fn) override;

+    int command_ams_refresh_rfid(std::string dev_id, int ams_id, int tray_id, int sequence_id, bool lan_mode) override;
+    int command_ams_calibrate(std::string dev_id, int ams_id, int sequence_id, bool lan_mode) override;
+    int command_ams_select_tray(std::string dev_id, std::string tray_id, int sequence_id, bool lan_mode) override;
+    int command_start_camera(std::string dev_id) override;
+    int command_xyz_abs(std::string dev_id, int sequence_id, bool lan_mode) override;
+    int command_auto_leveling(std::string dev_id, int sequence_id, bool lan_mode) override;
+    int command_go_home(std::string dev_id, bool is_printing, bool supports_mqtt_homing, int sequence_id, bool lan_mode) override;
+    int command_set_bed(std::string dev_id, int temp, bool supports_mqtt_bed_ctrl, int sequence_id, bool lan_mode) override;
+    int command_set_nozzle(std::string dev_id, int temp, int sequence_id, bool lan_mode) override;
+    int command_axis_control(std::string dev_id,
+                             std::string axis,
+                             double unit,
+                             double input_val,
+                             int speed,
+                             bool is_core_xy,
+                             bool supports_mqtt_axis_control,
+                             int sequence_id,
+                             bool lan_mode) override;
+
+    // Test-only: drive emit_connect_sequence directly (no socket).
+    void run_connect_sequence_for_test(const std::string& dev_id)
+    {
+        emit_connect_sequence(dev_id, [](const std::string&) {}, [](const std::string&) {});
+    }
+
+    // Test-only: advance the LAN connection epoch without a connect/disconnect cycle.
+    void bump_lan_generation_for_test() { ++m_lan_generation; }
+    // Test-only: the same for the (independent) cloud selection epoch.
+    void bump_cloud_generation_for_test() { ++m_cloud_generation; }
+
+    FilamentSyncMode get_filament_sync_mode() const override { return FilamentSyncMode::subscription; }
+
+protected:
+    // Forward one inbound printer message to on_message_fn or on_local_message_fn (marshalled onto the UI
+    // thread via queue_on_main_fn when set). Body of every connection's MessageHandler.
+    void deliver_to_sink(const std::string& dev_id, const std::string& payload, bool local);
+
+    // Extract OrcaSonar's print.ipcam.stream_mode from LAN reports before they
+    // are forwarded to the GUI. The getters below then read this agent-owned state.
+    void parse_ipcam_info(const std::string& dev_id, const std::string& payload);
+
+    // Orca-dialect -> Bambu-dialect compatibility shim for inbound reports: the single
+    // place Orca Protocol JSON is rewritten into the shapes MachineObject::parse_json
+    // already handles, so parse_json needs no Orca-specific changes. Self-contained
+    // (its cache is a function-local static) and deletable together with its call site
+    // once parse_json reads the Orca dialect natively. See the definition for the
+    // per-rule detail. Returns the payload unchanged when no rule applies.
+    std::string merge_capabilities(const std::string& dev_id, const std::string& payload);
+
+    // Report the asynchronous LAN connection state using the same callback contract as
+    // the other printer agents. The transport result cannot be returned by
+    // connect_printer(), which only starts the worker.
+    void dispatch_local_connect(int state, const std::string& dev_id, const std::string& message);
+
+    // The LAN inbound-message handler for one connection generation: forwards to
+    // deliver_to_sink only while `generation` is still the live epoch.
+    std::function<void(const std::string&, const std::string&)> make_lan_message_handler(uint64_t generation);
+
+    // Pure LAN-address parsing + client-id. protected static so the test Probe reaches them.
+    static bool parse_lan_endpoint(const std::string& dev_ip, std::string& host, std::string& port);
+    static std::string make_lan_client_id(const std::string& dev_id);
+    // Test hook: the ws:// URL connect_printer built for the current LAN session ("" if none).
+    std::string lan_connection_target() const;
+    // Shared post-connect sequence: SUBSCRIBE, then pushing.start, pushall,
+    // info.get_version, info.get_capabilities. Runs identically on LAN and cloud.
+    void on_connected(const std::string& dev_id, OrcaMqttConnection* conn, uint64_t generation);
+
+    // The post-connect command sequence, factored behind a seam so a test can
+    // observe the SUBSCRIBE + 4 request payloads without a live OrcaMqttConnection.
+    virtual void emit_connect_sequence(const std::string& dev_id,
+                                       std::function<void(const std::string&)> subscribe,
+                                       std::function<void(const std::string&)> request);
+    static std::string seq(int n); // decimal string in the OrcaSlicer 20000..29999 band
+    static std::string build_pushing_start(const std::string& sequence_id);
+    static std::string build_pushing_stop(const std::string& sequence_id);
+    static std::string build_pushall(const std::string& sequence_id);
+    static std::string build_get_version(const std::string& sequence_id);
+    static std::string build_get_capabilities(const std::string& sequence_id);
+
 private:
+    class OrcaSonarDiscovery;
+
    std::string log_dir;
    std::string selected_machine;
+
+    enum CurrentConn { NONE, CLOUD, LAN };
+    static const char* connection_type_name(CurrentConn connection);
+
+    // The transport for the printer currently selected by the UI.  LAN and
+    // cloud sessions have separate connection objects, so this is selection
+    // state rather than an inference from whichever socket happens to exist.
+    CurrentConn m_current_connection = NONE;
+
    std::shared_ptr<ICloudServiceAgent> m_cloud_agent;
+    std::unique_ptr<OrcaMqttConnection> lan_mqtt_connection;
+
+    // Two independent epochs: a cloud (de)selection must not fence the live LAN
+    // feed, and vice versa. Each transport's connect thread and inbound handler
+    // compare against their own counter only.
+    std::atomic<uint64_t> m_lan_generation{0};
+    std::atomic<uint64_t> m_cloud_generation{0};
+
+    // The short-lived threads that run the blocking initial connect for the current
+    // LAN / cloud session. Joined members (never detached) so they cannot outlive
+    // *this or the connection they hold a raw pointer to.
+    std::thread m_lan_connect_thread;
+    std::thread m_cloud_connect_thread;
+
+    std::unique_ptr<OrcaSonarDiscovery> m_discovery;
+
+    std::string m_lan_dev_id; // guarded by state_mutex
+    std::string m_lan_url;    // guarded by state_mutex — the Config.url of the live LAN session
+    bool m_lan_use_ssl = false; // guarded by state_mutex
+    std::string m_lan_ca_file; // guarded by state_mutex
+    CameraStreamMode m_camera_stream_mode = CameraStreamMode::none; // guarded by state_mutex
+    std::string m_camera_url; // guarded by state_mutex
+
+    OrcaCloudServiceAgent* get_orca_cloud_agent();
+
+    OrcaMqttConnection* get_appropriate_mqtt_connection(bool is_lan = true);
+    static bool parse_nonnegative_command_id(const std::string& value, int& result);
+
+    // Route one command payload to device/<dev_id>/request on the LAN or the shared
+    // cloud connection. The uniform send path for both send_message* overrides.
+    int route_send(bool is_lan, const std::string& dev_id, const std::string& json_str);

    // Callbacks
    OnMsgArrivedFn on_ssdp_msg_fn;
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <utility>
 #include <vector>
+#include <thread>

 using json = nlohmann::json;

@@ -36,6 +37,15 @@ bool has_visible_base_preset(const PresetCollection& filaments, const std::strin
    return false;
 }

+// RAII decrement for MoonrakerPrinterAgent::filament_fetch_in_flight — guarantees the
+// counter drops back down on every exit path (early return or fall-through) inside the
+// detached fetch thread below, so ~MoonrakerPrinterAgent()'s wait loop can't stall forever.
+struct InFlightGuard
+{
+    std::atomic<int>& counter;
+    ~InFlightGuard() { counter.fetch_sub(1, std::memory_order_relaxed); }
+};
+
 } // anonymous namespace

 const std::string QidiPrinterAgent_VERSION = "0.0.1";
@@ -49,51 +59,148 @@ AgentInfo QidiPrinterAgent::get_agent_info_static()
    return AgentInfo{"qidi", "Qidi", QidiPrinterAgent_VERSION, "Qidi printer agent"};
 }

-bool QidiPrinterAgent::fetch_filament_info(std::string dev_id, FilamentSyncMode /*sync_mode*/)
+FilamentSyncMode QidiPrinterAgent::get_filament_sync_mode() const
 {
-    std::string error;
+    if (GUI::wxGetApp().app_config->get_bool("use_printer_agents"))
+        return FilamentSyncMode::subscription;
+    return FilamentSyncMode::pull;
+}

-    // 1. Fetch device info and infer series_id
-    std::string series_id;
-    {
-        MoonrakerDeviceInfo info;
-        if (fetch_device_info(device_info.base_url, device_info.api_key, info, error)) {
-            series_id = infer_series_id(info.model_id, info.dev_name);
-        }
-    }
-    if (series_id.empty()) {
-        // Fall back to the configured Orca model if Moonraker doesn't expose a usable identifier.
-        series_id = infer_series_id(device_info.model_id, device_info.model_name);
-    }
-
-    // 2. Fetch filament dictionary
-    QidiFilamentDict dict;
-    if (!fetch_filament_dict(device_info.base_url, device_info.api_key, dict, error)) {
-        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(warning) << "QidiPrinterAgent::fetch_filament_info: Failed to fetch filament dict: " << error;
-    }
-
-    // 3. Fetch slot info and build AmsTrayData directly
-    std::vector<AmsTrayData> trays;
-    int                      box_count = 0;
-    if (!fetch_slot_info(device_info.base_url, device_info.api_key, dict, series_id, trays, box_count, error)) {
-        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(warning) << "QidiPrinterAgent::fetch_filament_info: Failed to fetch slot info: " << error;
+bool QidiPrinterAgent::fetch_filament_info(std::string dev_id, FilamentSyncMode sync_mode)
+{
+    if (sync_mode != get_filament_sync_mode())
        return false;
-    }

-    // 4. Build the AMS payload
-    build_ams_payload(box_count, box_count * 4 - 1, trays);
+    // Snapshot only what the fetch needs, rather than reading device_info live from the
+    // background thread below — device_info can be concurrently rewritten by a reconnect
+    // on another thread while this fetch is still in flight.
+    ConnectionSettings connection = get_connection_settings();
+    std::string model_id   = device_info.model_id;
+    std::string model_name = device_info.model_name;
+
+    filament_fetch_in_flight.fetch_add(1, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+
+    std::thread([this, connection = std::move(connection), model_id, model_name]() mutable {
+        InFlightGuard guard{filament_fetch_in_flight};
+
+        std::string error;
+
+        // 1. Fetch device info and infer series_id
+        std::string series_id;
+        {
+            MoonrakerDeviceInfo info;
+            if (fetch_device_info(connection, info, error)) {
+                series_id = infer_series_id(info.model_id, info.dev_name);
+            }
+        }
+        if (series_id.empty()) {
+            // Fall back to the configured Orca model if Moonraker doesn't expose a usable identifier.
+            series_id = infer_series_id(model_id, model_name);
+        }
+
+        // 2. Fetch filament dictionary
+        QidiFilamentDict dict;
+        if (!fetch_filament_dict(connection, dict, error)) {
+            BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(warning) << "QidiPrinterAgent::fetch_filament_info: Failed to fetch filament dict: " << error;
+        }
+
+        // 3. Fetch slot info and build AmsTrayData directly
+        std::vector<AmsTrayData> trays;
+        int box_count = 0;
+        if (!fetch_slot_info(connection, dict, series_id, trays, box_count, error)) {
+            BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(warning) << "QidiPrinterAgent::fetch_filament_info: Failed to fetch slot info: " << error;
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // 4. Build the AMS payload
+        build_ams_payload(box_count, box_count * 4 - 1, trays);
+    }).detach();
    return true;
 }

-bool QidiPrinterAgent::fetch_slot_info(const std::string&        base_url,
-                                       const std::string&        api_key,
+bool QidiPrinterAgent::apply_box_mapping(const PrintParams& params) const
+{
+    // enable_box mirrors task_use_ams: engage the multi-color box only when this
+    // job actually routes filament through it. (See qidi-ams-findings.md §2/§8.3 —
+    // if firmware treats enable_box as "a box exists" rather than "use it this job",
+    // switch this gate to HasAms()/box_count instead.)
+    const int enable = params.task_use_ams ? 1 : 0;
+    if (!send_gcode(device_info.dev_id, "SAVE_VARIABLE VARIABLE=enable_box VALUE=" + std::to_string(enable))) {
+        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(error) << "QidiPrinterAgent::apply_box_mapping: failed to set enable_box";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // When the box isn't used this job, leave the existing value_t<tool> slot
+    // assignments untouched (enable_box=0 is enough to disengage it).
+    if (!enable)
+        return true;
+
+    if (params.ams_mapping.empty()) {
+        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(warning) << "QidiPrinterAgent::apply_box_mapping: enable_box set but ams_mapping is empty";
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    // ams_mapping (v0) is a JSON array indexed by filament/tool; each value is the
+    // physical box slot (-1 = unmapped). Mirror it onto the printer's value_t<tool>
+    // variables: SAVE_VARIABLE VARIABLE=value_t<tool> VALUE='slot<n>'.
+    auto mapping = nlohmann::json::parse(params.ams_mapping, nullptr, /*allow_exceptions*/ false);
+    if (mapping.is_discarded() || !mapping.is_array()) {
+        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(error) << "QidiPrinterAgent::apply_box_mapping: invalid ams_mapping: " << params.ams_mapping;
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    for (size_t tool = 0; tool < mapping.size(); ++tool) {
+        if (!mapping[tool].is_number_integer())
+            continue;
+        const int slot = mapping[tool].get<int>();
+        if (slot < 0)
+            continue; // unmapped filament — skip
+        const std::string gcode = "SAVE_VARIABLE VARIABLE=value_t" + std::to_string(tool) +
+                                  " VALUE=\"'slot" + std::to_string(slot) + "'\"";
+        if (!send_gcode(device_info.dev_id, gcode)) {
+            BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(error) << "QidiPrinterAgent::apply_box_mapping: failed to set value_t" << tool;
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+int QidiPrinterAgent::start_local_print(PrintParams params, OnUpdateStatusFn update_fn, WasCancelledFn cancel_fn)
+{
+    if (!apply_box_mapping(params))
+        return BAMBU_NETWORK_ERR_PRINT_LP_PUBLISH_MSG_FAILED;
+    return MoonrakerPrinterAgent::start_local_print(std::move(params), update_fn, cancel_fn);
+}
+
+int QidiPrinterAgent::start_print(PrintParams params, OnUpdateStatusFn update_fn, WasCancelledFn cancel_fn, OnWaitFn wait_fn)
+{
+    if (!apply_box_mapping(params))
+        return BAMBU_NETWORK_ERR_PRINT_LP_PUBLISH_MSG_FAILED;
+    return MoonrakerPrinterAgent::start_print(std::move(params), update_fn, cancel_fn, wait_fn);
+}
+
+int QidiPrinterAgent::start_local_print_with_record(PrintParams params, OnUpdateStatusFn update_fn, WasCancelledFn cancel_fn, OnWaitFn wait_fn)
+{
+    if (!apply_box_mapping(params))
+        return BAMBU_NETWORK_ERR_PRINT_WR_UPLOAD_FTP_FAILED;
+    return MoonrakerPrinterAgent::start_local_print_with_record(std::move(params), update_fn, cancel_fn, wait_fn);
+}
+
+int QidiPrinterAgent::start_sdcard_print(PrintParams params, OnUpdateStatusFn update_fn, WasCancelledFn cancel_fn)
+{
+    if (!apply_box_mapping(params))
+        return BAMBU_NETWORK_ERR_PRINT_LP_PUBLISH_MSG_FAILED;
+    return MoonrakerPrinterAgent::start_sdcard_print(std::move(params), update_fn, cancel_fn);
+}
+
+bool QidiPrinterAgent::fetch_slot_info(const ConnectionSettings& connection,
                                       const QidiFilamentDict&   dict,
                                       const std::string&        series_id,
                                       std::vector<AmsTrayData>& trays,
                                       int&                      box_count,
                                       std::string&              error)
 {
-    std::string url = join_url(base_url, "/printer/objects/query?save_variables=variables");
+    std::string url = join_url(connection.base_url, "/printer/objects/query?save_variables=variables");
    for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
        url += "&box_stepper%20slot" + std::to_string(i) + "=runout_button";
    }
@@ -103,8 +210,9 @@ bool QidiPrinterAgent::fetch_slot_info(const std::string&        base_url,
    std::string http_error;

    auto http = Http::get(url);
-    if (!api_key.empty()) {
-        http.header("X-Api-Key", api_key);
+    configure_http(http, connection);
+    if (!connection.api_key.empty()) {
+        http.header("X-Api-Key", connection.api_key);
    }
    http.timeout_connect(5)
        .timeout_max(10)
@@ -129,20 +237,10 @@ bool QidiPrinterAgent::fetch_slot_info(const std::string&        base_url,
        return false;
    }

-    auto json = nlohmann::json::parse(response_body, nullptr, false, true);
-    if (json.is_discarded()) {
-        error = "Invalid JSON response";
+    nlohmann::json status;
+    nlohmann::json variables;
+    if (!parse_slot_response(response_body, status, variables, error))
        return false;
-    }
-
-    if (!json.contains("result") || !json["result"].contains("status") || !json["result"]["status"].contains("save_variables") ||
-        !json["result"]["status"]["save_variables"].contains("variables")) {
-        error = "Unexpected JSON structure";
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    auto& variables = json["result"]["status"]["save_variables"]["variables"];
-    auto& status    = json["result"]["status"];

    box_count = variables.value("box_count", 1);
    if (box_count < 0) {
@@ -217,20 +315,45 @@ bool QidiPrinterAgent::fetch_slot_info(const std::string&        base_url,
    return true;
 }

-bool QidiPrinterAgent::fetch_filament_dict(const std::string& base_url,
-                                           const std::string& api_key,
+bool QidiPrinterAgent::parse_slot_response(const std::string& response_body,
+                                           nlohmann::json&    status,
+                                           nlohmann::json&    variables,
+                                           std::string&       error)
+{
+    auto json = nlohmann::json::parse(response_body, nullptr, false, true);
+    if (json.is_discarded()) {
+        error = "Invalid JSON response";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (!json.is_object() || !json.contains("result") || !json["result"].is_object() || !json["result"].contains("status") ||
+        !json["result"]["status"].is_object() || !json["result"]["status"].contains("save_variables") ||
+        !json["result"]["status"]["save_variables"].is_object() || !json["result"]["status"]["save_variables"].contains("variables") ||
+        !json["result"]["status"]["save_variables"]["variables"].is_object()) {
+        // why: Qidi firmware may send null here, but json::value() throws for it.
+        error = "Unexpected JSON structure: save_variables.variables must be an object";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    status    = json["result"]["status"];
+    variables = status["save_variables"]["variables"];
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool QidiPrinterAgent::fetch_filament_dict(const ConnectionSettings& connection,
                                           QidiFilamentDict& dict,
                                           std::string& error) const
 {
-    std::string url = join_url(base_url, "/server/files/config/officiall_filas_list.cfg");
+    std::string url = join_url(connection.base_url, "/server/files/config/officiall_filas_list.cfg");

    std::string response_body;
    bool        success = false;
    std::string http_error;

    auto http = Http::get(url);
-    if (!api_key.empty()) {
-        http.header("X-Api-Key", api_key);
+    configure_http(http, connection);
+    if (!connection.api_key.empty()) {
+        http.header("X-Api-Key", connection.api_key);
    }
    http.timeout_connect(5)
        .timeout_max(10)
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@

 #include "IPrinterAgent.hpp"
 #include "MoonrakerPrinterAgent.hpp"
+#include "nlohmann/json_fwd.hpp"

 #include <map>
 #include <string>
@@ -22,7 +23,23 @@ public:
    // Override filament sync (Qidi-specific implementation)
    bool fetch_filament_info(std::string dev_id, FilamentSyncMode sync_mode = FilamentSyncMode::pull) override;

+    static bool parse_slot_response(const std::string& response_body,
+                                    nlohmann::json&    status,
+                                    nlohmann::json&    variables,
+                                    std::string&       error);
+
+    // Print operations — emit QiDi multi-color box config, then delegate to base.
+    int start_print(PrintParams params, OnUpdateStatusFn update_fn, WasCancelledFn cancel_fn, OnWaitFn wait_fn) override;
+    int start_local_print(PrintParams params, OnUpdateStatusFn update_fn, WasCancelledFn cancel_fn) override;
+    int start_local_print_with_record(PrintParams params, OnUpdateStatusFn update_fn, WasCancelledFn cancel_fn, OnWaitFn wait_fn) override;
+    int start_sdcard_print(PrintParams params, OnUpdateStatusFn update_fn, WasCancelledFn cancel_fn) override;
+
+    FilamentSyncMode get_filament_sync_mode() const override;
+
 private:
+    // Push enable_box + value_t<tool> SAVE_VARIABLEs before a print starts.
+    // Returns false if any command fails (caller should abort the print).
+    bool apply_box_mapping(const PrintParams& params) const;
    struct QidiFilamentDict
    {
        std::map<int, std::string> colors;
@@ -30,14 +47,13 @@ private:
    };

    // Qidi-specific methods
-    bool fetch_slot_info(const std::string&        base_url,
-                         const std::string&        api_key,
+    bool fetch_slot_info(const ConnectionSettings& connection,
                         const QidiFilamentDict&   dict,
                         const std::string&        series_id,
                         std::vector<AmsTrayData>& trays,
                         int&                      box_count,
                         std::string&              error);
-    bool fetch_filament_dict(const std::string& base_url, const std::string& api_key, QidiFilamentDict& dict, std::string& error) const;
+    bool fetch_filament_dict(const ConnectionSettings& connection, QidiFilamentDict& dict, std::string& error) const;
    std::string normalize_filament_type(const std::string& filament_type);
    std::string infer_series_id(const std::string& model_id, const std::string& dev_name);
    std::string normalize_model_key(std::string value);
@@ -4,14 +4,18 @@
 #include "IPrinterAgent.hpp"
 #include "libslic3r/PresetBundle.hpp"
 #include "slic3r/GUI/GUI_App.hpp"
+#include "libslic3r/Preset.hpp"

 #include "nlohmann/json.hpp"
 #include <boost/log/trivial.hpp>
+
 #include <vector>
 #include <string>
-#include "libslic3r/Preset.hpp"
 #include <cstddef>
 #include <utility>
+#include <chrono>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <thread>

 using json = nlohmann::json;

@@ -20,6 +24,13 @@ namespace Slic3r {
 namespace {

 constexpr const char* SNAPMAKER_AGENT_VERSION = "0.0.1";
+constexpr int64_t     CAMERA_REFRESH_INTERVAL_MS = 300'000;
+
+int64_t now_ms()
+{
+    return std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(
+        std::chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch()).count();
+}

 // Safely access a parallel array by index, returning a fallback if out of bounds.
 template<typename T>
@@ -76,6 +87,31 @@ std::string find_closest_color_preset_by_vendor_and_type(const PresetCollection&

 SnapmakerPrinterAgent::SnapmakerPrinterAgent(std::string log_dir) : MoonrakerPrinterAgent(std::move(log_dir)) {}

+void SnapmakerPrinterAgent::start_camera_monitor()
+{
+    enqueue_command([this] {
+        send_ws_rpc("camera.start_monitor",
+                    {{"domain", "lan"}, {"interval", 0}, {"expect_pw", false}});
+    });
+    m_camera_last_fire_ms.store(now_ms());
+}
+
+void SnapmakerPrinterAgent::on_status_loop_tick(const std::string& dev_id)
+{
+    (void) dev_id;
+    const int64_t last = m_camera_last_fire_ms.load();
+    if (last == 0 || now_ms() - last >= CAMERA_REFRESH_INTERVAL_MS) {
+        start_camera_monitor();
+    }
+}
+
+int SnapmakerPrinterAgent::command_start_camera(std::string dev_id)
+{
+    (void) dev_id;
+    start_camera_monitor();
+    return BAMBU_NETWORK_SUCCESS;
+}
+
 AgentInfo SnapmakerPrinterAgent::get_agent_info_static()
 {
    return AgentInfo{"snapmaker", "Snapmaker", SNAPMAKER_AGENT_VERSION, "Snapmaker printer agent"};
@@ -111,127 +147,149 @@ std::string SnapmakerPrinterAgent::combine_filament_type(const std::string& type
    return base;
 }

-bool SnapmakerPrinterAgent::fetch_filament_info(std::string dev_id, FilamentSyncMode /*sync_mode*/)
+bool SnapmakerPrinterAgent::fetch_filament_info(std::string dev_id, FilamentSyncMode sync_mode)
 {
-    std::string url = join_url(device_info.base_url, "/printer/objects/query?print_task_config&filament_detect");
-
-    std::string response_body;
-    bool        success = false;
-    std::string http_error;
-
-    auto http = Http::get(url);
-    if (!device_info.api_key.empty()) {
-        http.header("X-Api-Key", device_info.api_key);
-    }
-    http.timeout_connect(5)
-        .timeout_max(10)
-        .on_complete([&](std::string body, unsigned status) {
-            if (status == 200) {
-                response_body = body;
-                success       = true;
-            } else {
-                http_error = "HTTP error: " + std::to_string(status);
-            }
-        })
-        .on_error([&](std::string body, std::string err, unsigned status) {
-            http_error = err;
-            if (status > 0) {
-                http_error += " (HTTP " + std::to_string(status) + ")";
-            }
-        })
-        .perform_sync();
-
-    if (!success) {
-        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(warning) << "SnapmakerPrinterAgent::fetch_filament_info: HTTP request failed: " << http_error;
+    (void) dev_id;
+    if (sync_mode != get_filament_sync_mode())
        return false;
-    }

-    auto json = nlohmann::json::parse(response_body, nullptr, false, true);
-    if (json.is_discarded()) {
-        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(warning) << "SnapmakerPrinterAgent::fetch_filament_info: Invalid JSON response";
-        return false;
-    }
+    const std::string base_url = device_info.base_url;
+    const std::string api_key  = device_info.api_key;

-    // Navigate to result.status.print_task_config
-    if (!json.contains("result") || !json["result"].contains("status") ||
-        !json["result"]["status"].contains("print_task_config")) {
-        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(warning) << "SnapmakerPrinterAgent::fetch_filament_info: Missing print_task_config in response";
-        return false;
-    }
+    filament_fetch_in_flight.fetch_add(1, std::memory_order_relaxed);

-    auto& ptc = json["result"]["status"]["print_task_config"];
+    std::thread([this, base_url, api_key]() {
+        struct InFlightGuard
+        {
+            std::atomic<int>& counter;
+            ~InFlightGuard() { counter.fetch_sub(1, std::memory_order_relaxed); }
+        } guard{filament_fetch_in_flight};

-    // Read parallel arrays from print_task_config
-    auto filament_exist    = ptc.value("filament_exist", std::vector<bool>{});
-    auto filament_type     = ptc.value("filament_type", std::vector<std::string>{});
-    auto filament_sub_type = ptc.value("filament_sub_type", std::vector<std::string>{});
-    auto filament_color    = ptc.value("filament_color_rgba", std::vector<std::string>{});
-    auto filament_vendor   = ptc.value("filament_vendor", std::vector<std::string>{});
+        const std::string url = join_url(base_url, "/printer/objects/query?print_task_config&filament_detect");

-    const int slot_count = static_cast<int>(filament_exist.size());
-    if (slot_count == 0) {
-        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info) << "SnapmakerPrinterAgent::fetch_filament_info: No filament slots reported";
-        return false;
-    }
+        std::string response_body;
+        bool success = false;
+        std::string http_error;

-    // Read NFC filament_detect data for temperature info (optional)
-    nlohmann::json nfc_info;
-    if (json["result"]["status"].contains("filament_detect") &&
-        json["result"]["status"]["filament_detect"].contains("info")) {
-        nfc_info = json["result"]["status"]["filament_detect"]["info"];
-    }
-
-    static const std::string empty_str;
-    static const std::string default_color = "FFFFFFFF";
-
-    std::vector<AmsTrayData> trays;
-    trays.reserve(slot_count);
-
-    for (int i = 0; i < slot_count; ++i) {
-        AmsTrayData tray;
-        tray.slot_index   = i;
-        tray.has_filament = filament_exist[i];
-
-        if (tray.has_filament) {
-            tray.tray_type     = combine_filament_type(safe_at(filament_type, i, empty_str),
-                                                       safe_at(filament_sub_type, i, empty_str));
-            tray.tray_color    = safe_at(filament_color, i, default_color);
-
-            auto* bundle = GUI::wxGetApp().preset_bundle;
-            // Try to find a matching preset for this filament based on vendor, type and color.
-            // If not found, default to traditional search by type only or generic type mapping.
-            if (bundle) {
-                std::string vendor      = safe_at(filament_vendor, i, empty_str);
-                std::string filament_id = find_closest_color_preset_by_vendor_and_type(bundle->filaments, vendor, tray.tray_type,
-                                                                                       tray.tray_color);
-
-                if (!filament_id.empty()) {
-                    tray.tray_info_idx = filament_id;
-                    BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(warning) << "Filament sync: Found manufacturer-specific profile for slot " << i << ": "
-                                               << filament_id;
+        auto http = Http::get(url);
+        if (!api_key.empty()) {
+            http.header("X-Api-Key", api_key);
+        }
+        http.timeout_connect(5)
+            .timeout_max(10)
+            .on_complete([&](std::string body, unsigned status) {
+                if (status == 200) {
+                    response_body = body;
+                    success       = true;
                } else {
-                    tray.tray_info_idx = bundle->filaments.filament_id_by_type(tray.tray_type);
+                    http_error = "HTTP error: " + std::to_string(status);
                }
-            } else {
-                tray.tray_info_idx = map_filament_type_to_generic_id(tray.tray_type);
-            }
+            })
+            .on_error([&](std::string body, std::string err, unsigned status) {
+                http_error = err;
+                if (status > 0) {
+                    http_error += " (HTTP " + std::to_string(status) + ")";
+                }
+            })
+            .perform_sync();

-            // Extract NFC temperature data if available
-            if (nfc_info.is_array() && i < static_cast<int>(nfc_info.size()) && nfc_info[i].is_object()) {
-                auto& nfc_slot = nfc_info[i];
-                std::string vendor = nfc_slot.value("VENDOR", "NONE");
-                if (vendor != "NONE" && !vendor.empty()) {
-                    tray.bed_temp    = nfc_slot.value("BED_TEMP", 0);
-                    tray.nozzle_temp = nfc_slot.value("FIRST_LAYER_TEMP", 0);
-                }
-            }
+        if (!success) {
+            BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(warning) << "SnapmakerPrinterAgent::fetch_filament_info: HTTP request failed: " << http_error;
+            return;
        }

-        trays.emplace_back(std::move(tray));
-    }
+        auto json = nlohmann::json::parse(response_body, nullptr, false, true);
+        if (json.is_discarded()) {
+            BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(warning) << "SnapmakerPrinterAgent::fetch_filament_info: Invalid JSON response";
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // Navigate to result.status.print_task_config
+        if (!json.contains("result") || !json["result"].contains("status") || !json["result"]["status"].contains("print_task_config")) {
+            BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(warning) << "SnapmakerPrinterAgent::fetch_filament_info: Missing print_task_config in response";
+            return;
+        }
+
+        auto& ptc = json["result"]["status"]["print_task_config"];
+
+        // Read parallel arrays from print_task_config
+        auto filament_exist    = ptc.value("filament_exist", std::vector<bool>{});
+        auto filament_type     = ptc.value("filament_type", std::vector<std::string>{});
+        auto filament_sub_type = ptc.value("filament_sub_type", std::vector<std::string>{});
+        auto filament_color    = ptc.value("filament_color_rgba", std::vector<std::string>{});
+        auto filament_vendor   = ptc.value("filament_vendor", std::vector<std::string>{});
+
+        const int slot_count = static_cast<int>(filament_exist.size());
+        if (slot_count == 0) {
+            BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info) << "SnapmakerPrinterAgent::fetch_filament_info: No filament slots reported";
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // Read NFC filament_detect data for temperature info (optional)
+        nlohmann::json nfc_info;
+        if (json["result"]["status"].contains("filament_detect") && json["result"]["status"]["filament_detect"].contains("info")) {
+            nfc_info = json["result"]["status"]["filament_detect"]["info"];
+        }
+
+        static const std::string empty_str;
+        static const std::string default_color = "FFFFFFFF";
+
+        std::vector<AmsTrayData> trays;
+        trays.reserve(slot_count);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < slot_count; ++i) {
+            AmsTrayData tray;
+            tray.slot_index   = i;
+            tray.has_filament = filament_exist[i];
+
+            if (tray.has_filament) {
+                tray.tray_type  = combine_filament_type(safe_at(filament_type, i, empty_str), safe_at(filament_sub_type, i, empty_str));
+                tray.tray_color = safe_at(filament_color, i, default_color);
+
+                auto* bundle = GUI::wxGetApp().preset_bundle;
+                // Try to find a matching preset for this filament based on vendor, type and color.
+                // If not found, default to traditional search by type only or generic type mapping.
+                if (bundle) {
+                    std::string vendor      = safe_at(filament_vendor, i, empty_str);
+                    std::string filament_id = find_closest_color_preset_by_vendor_and_type(bundle->filaments, vendor, tray.tray_type,
+                                                                                           tray.tray_color);
+
+                    if (!filament_id.empty()) {
+                        tray.tray_info_idx = filament_id;
+                        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(warning)
+                            << "Filament sync: Found manufacturer-specific profile for slot " << i << ": " << filament_id;
+                    } else {
+                        tray.tray_info_idx = bundle->filaments.filament_id_by_type(tray.tray_type);
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    tray.tray_info_idx = map_filament_type_to_generic_id(tray.tray_type);
+                }
+
+                // Extract NFC temperature data if available
+                if (nfc_info.is_array() && i < static_cast<int>(nfc_info.size()) && nfc_info[i].is_object()) {
+                    auto& nfc_slot     = nfc_info[i];
+                    std::string vendor = nfc_slot.value("VENDOR", "NONE");
+                    if (vendor != "NONE" && !vendor.empty()) {
+                        tray.bed_temp    = nfc_slot.value("BED_TEMP", 0);
+                        tray.nozzle_temp = nfc_slot.value("FIRST_LAYER_TEMP", 0);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            trays.emplace_back(std::move(tray));
+        }
+
+        build_ams_payload(1, slot_count - 1, trays);
+    }).detach();

-    build_ams_payload(1, slot_count - 1, trays);
    return true;
 }

+FilamentSyncMode SnapmakerPrinterAgent::get_filament_sync_mode() const
+{
+    if (GUI::wxGetApp().app_config->get_bool("use_printer_agents"))
+        return FilamentSyncMode::subscription;
+    return FilamentSyncMode::pull;
+}
+
 } // namespace Slic3r
@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@
 #include "IPrinterAgent.hpp"
 #include "MoonrakerPrinterAgent.hpp"

+#include <atomic>
+#include <cstdint>
 #include <string>

 namespace Slic3r {
@@ -17,10 +19,19 @@ public:
    AgentInfo        get_agent_info() override { return get_agent_info_static(); }

    bool fetch_filament_info(std::string dev_id, FilamentSyncMode sync_mode = FilamentSyncMode::pull) override;
+    FilamentSyncMode get_filament_sync_mode() const override;
+    int command_start_camera(std::string dev_id) override;
+    CameraStreamMode get_camera_stream_mode() const override { return CameraStreamMode::http_snapshot; }
+    std::string get_camera_url() const override { return device_info.base_url + "/server/files/camera/monitor.jpg"; }

 private:
    // Combine filament_type + filament_sub_type into a unified type string
    static std::string combine_filament_type(const std::string& type, const std::string& sub_type);
+
+    void start_camera_monitor();
+    void on_status_loop_tick(const std::string& dev_id) override;
+
+    std::atomic<int64_t> m_camera_last_fire_ms{0};
 };

 } // namespace Slic3r
@@ -23,10 +23,3 @@ set_tests_properties(cli_project_missing_keys PROPERTIES
    LABELS "CLI;RequiresApp"
    SKIP_RETURN_CODE 77
    TIMEOUT 900)
-
-add_test(NAME cli_malformed_input
-    COMMAND bash ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/test_cli_malformed_input.sh $<TARGET_FILE:OrcaSlicer> ${ORCA_CLI_TEST_PYTHON})
-set_tests_properties(cli_malformed_input PROPERTIES
-    LABELS "CLI;RequiresApp"
-    SKIP_RETURN_CODE 77
-    TIMEOUT 900)
@@ -1,207 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-# End-to-end checks that malformed CLI input fails cleanly, or loads, instead of crashing the
-# orca-slicer binary. Each case lives inline in CLI::run(), so only the binary can reach it.
-#
-# - A project whose inherits_group does not have one entry per filament plus the process and
-#   printer entries still loads.
-# - --slice N --arrange 1 on a project without plate metadata slices plate N.
-# - An assemble list object with an empty filament list, or a negative filament id, is rejected
-#   as a config error.
-# - --assemble with no input model is rejected as invalid parameters.
-#
-# usage: test_cli_malformed_input.sh <orca-slicer binary> <python3>
-set -u
-
-BIN="${1:-}"
-PY="${2:-python3}"
-# 77 is the test's SKIP_RETURN_CODE.
-[ -x "$BIN" ] || { echo "SKIP: orca-slicer binary not found: $BIN"; exit 77; }
-
-# From src/libslic3r/Utils.hpp. main() returns them, so the shell sees them modulo 256.
-CLI_SUCCESS=0
-CLI_INVALID_PARAMS=-2
-CLI_CONFIG_FILE_ERROR=-5
-
-WORK="$(mktemp -d "${TMPDIR:-/tmp}/orca-cli-malformed.XXXXXX")"
-trap 'rm -rf "$WORK"' EXIT
-mkdir -p "$WORK/datadir"
-
-# Standalone presets: without "inherits" the CLI loads them as-is, with no preset bundle.
-cat > "$WORK/machine.json" <<'EOF'
-{
-    "type": "machine",
-    "from": "User",
-    "name": "CLI malformed input test printer",
-    "printable_area": ["0x0", "200x0", "200x200", "0x200"],
-    "printable_height": "100",
-    "layer_change_gcode": "G92 E0"
-}
-EOF
-cat > "$WORK/process.json" <<'EOF'
-{
-    "type": "process",
-    "from": "User",
-    "name": "CLI malformed input test process"
-}
-EOF
-cat > "$WORK/filament.json" <<'EOF'
-{
-    "type": "filament",
-    "from": "User",
-    "name": "CLI malformed input test filament"
-}
-EOF
-
-"$PY" - "$WORK/cube.stl" <<'EOF'
-import sys
-
-v = [(x, y, z) for z in (0, 10) for y in (0, 10) for x in (0, 10)]
-with open(sys.argv[1], "w") as f:
-    f.write("solid cube\n")
-    # Faces wound counter-clockwise seen from outside: -z, +z, -y, +y, -x, +x.
-    for a, b, c, d in ((0, 2, 3, 1), (4, 5, 7, 6), (0, 1, 5, 4), (2, 6, 7, 3), (0, 4, 6, 2), (1, 3, 7, 5)):
-        for tri in ((a, b, c), (a, c, d)):
-            f.write("facet normal 0 0 0\nouter loop\n")
-            for i in tri:
-                f.write("vertex %g %g %g\n" % v[i])
-            f.write("endloop\nendfacet\n")
-    f.write("endsolid cube\n")
-EOF
-
-fails=0
-fail() { echo "FAIL: $*"; fails=$((fails + 1)); }
-
-# run <tag> [option...]: run into $WORK/<tag>, keeping the log and the shell status there.
-run() {
-    local out="$WORK/$1"; shift
-    mkdir -p "$out"
-    timeout 300 "$BIN" --datadir "$WORK/datadir" --outputdir "$out" "$@" > "$out/log" 2>&1
-    echo $? > "$out/status"
-}
-
-# run_presets <tag> [option...]: run with the standalone presets loaded.
-run_presets() {
-    local tag="$1"; shift
-    run "$tag" --load-settings "$WORK/machine.json;$WORK/process.json" --load-filaments "$WORK/filament.json" "$@"
-}
-
-# expect_status <tag> <cli code>
-expect_status() {
-    local got; got="$(cat "$WORK/$1/status")"
-    [ "$got" -eq $(( $2 & 255 )) ] || fail "$1: shell status $got, want $(( $2 & 255 )) (code $2)"
-}
-
-# expect_result <tag> <return_code>: a failing run must also carry an error_string.
-expect_result() {
-    "$PY" - "$WORK/$1/result.json" "$2" <<'EOF' || fail "$1: result.json"
-import json, sys
-
-try:
-    with open(sys.argv[1]) as f:
-        result = json.load(f)
-except (OSError, ValueError) as e:
-    sys.exit("cannot read %s: %s" % (sys.argv[1], e))
-want_rc = int(sys.argv[2])
-if result.get("return_code") != want_rc:
-    sys.exit("return_code %r, want %d" % (result.get("return_code"), want_rc))
-if want_rc != 0 and not result.get("error_string"):
-    sys.exit("no error_string")
-EOF
-}
-
-# expect_log <tag> <text>
-expect_log() {
-    grep -qF -- "$2" "$WORK/$1/log" || fail "$1: log does not mention \"$2\""
-}
-
-# expect_gcode <tag>
-expect_gcode() {
-    compgen -G "$WORK/$1/*.gcode" > /dev/null || fail "$1: no G-code was exported"
-}
-
-# rewrite_3mf <in> <out> inherits <json list> | no-plates
-rewrite_3mf() {
-    "$PY" - "$@" <<'EOF'
-import json, re, sys, zipfile
-
-src, dst, mode = sys.argv[1:4]
-with zipfile.ZipFile(src) as zin, zipfile.ZipFile(dst, "w", zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED) as zout:
-    for info in zin.infolist():
-        data = zin.read(info.filename)
-        if mode == "inherits" and info.filename == "Metadata/project_settings.config":
-            config = json.loads(data)
-            config["inherits_group"] = json.loads(sys.argv[4])
-            data = json.dumps(config, indent=4).encode()
-        elif mode == "no-plates":
-            if re.match(r"Metadata/plate_\d+\.", info.filename):
-                continue
-            if info.filename == "Metadata/model_settings.config":
-                data = re.sub(rb"\s*<plate>.*?</plate>", b"", data, flags=re.S)
-        zout.writestr(info, data)
-EOF
-}
-
-# assemble_list <file> <filaments json>
-assemble_list() {
-    cat > "$1" <<EOF
-{"plates": [{"plate_name": "p", "need_arrange": false,
-             "objects": [{"path": "$WORK/cube.stl", "count": 1, "filaments": $2,
-                          "pos_x": [100], "pos_y": [100]}]}]}
-EOF
-}
-
-echo "== a one-filament project exported by the CLI is the base for the project cases"
-run_presets export --slice 0 --export-3mf project.3mf "$WORK/cube.stl"
-expect_status export $CLI_SUCCESS
-[ -f "$WORK/export/project.3mf" ] || { echo "FAIL: project export failed"; tail -n 40 "$WORK/export/log"; exit 1; }
-
-echo "== an inherits_group of the wrong length still loads"
-for group in '[]' '[""]' '["", "", "", "", ""]'; do
-    tag="inherits_$("$PY" -c 'import json, sys; print(len(json.loads(sys.argv[1])))' "$group")"
-    rewrite_3mf "$WORK/export/project.3mf" "$WORK/$tag.3mf" inherits "$group"
-    run "$tag" --info "$WORK/$tag.3mf"
-    expect_status "$tag" $CLI_SUCCESS
-    expect_log "$tag" "inherits_group"
-done
-
-echo "== --slice 1 --arrange 1 slices a project without plate metadata"
-rewrite_3mf "$WORK/export/project.3mf" "$WORK/no_plates.3mf" no-plates
-run_presets no_plates --slice 1 --arrange 1 "$WORK/no_plates.3mf"
-expect_status no_plates $CLI_SUCCESS
-expect_result no_plates $CLI_SUCCESS
-expect_gcode no_plates
-
-echo "== an assemble list with a valid filament id slices"
-assemble_list "$WORK/assemble_valid.json" '[1]'
-run_presets assemble_valid --slice 0 --load-assemble-list "$WORK/assemble_valid.json"
-expect_status assemble_valid $CLI_SUCCESS
-expect_gcode assemble_valid
-
-echo "== an assemble list with an empty filament list or a negative filament id is rejected"
-for filaments in '[]' '[-1]'; do
-    if [ "$filaments" = '[]' ]; then tag=assemble_empty; else tag=assemble_negative; fi
-    assemble_list "$WORK/$tag.json" "$filaments"
-    run_presets "$tag" --slice 0 --load-assemble-list "$WORK/$tag.json"
-    expect_status "$tag" $CLI_CONFIG_FILE_ERROR
-    expect_result "$tag" $CLI_CONFIG_FILE_ERROR
-done
-
-echo "== --assemble with no input model is rejected"
-for action in "--slice 0" "--export-3mf out.3mf"; do
-    tag="assemble_no_input_${action%% *}"
-    tag="${tag//-/}"
-    # shellcheck disable=SC2086
-    run_presets "$tag" --assemble $action
-    expect_status "$tag" $CLI_INVALID_PARAMS
-    expect_result "$tag" $CLI_INVALID_PARAMS
-    expect_log "$tag" "--assemble"
-done
-
-if [ "$fails" -ne 0 ]; then
-    for log in "$WORK"/*/log; do
-        echo "--- $log"
-        tail -n 40 "$log"
-    done
-    exit 1
-fi
-echo "PASS"
@@ -1,13 +1,11 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env bash
-# End-to-end check that the CLI loads a project's printer, process and filament settings as the GUI does.
+# End-to-end check that the CLI loads a project's printer and process settings as the GUI does.
 #
 # The GUI takes every key a project does not list as changed from the project's current system preset:
 # keys saved before an option existed, and keys holding an older system value. Keys the project lists
 # in different_settings_to_system keep the project's value. A project is exported from the shipped
-# Bambu Lab P1S presets with two filaments; one printer key and one process key are removed, one printer
-# key, one process key and two filament keys (one per filament, one per extruder variant) are changed
-# without being listed, one process key and the first filament's density are changed and listed, and it
-# is sliced again: as is, with --uptodate, and with --load-filaments replacing only the second filament.
+# Bambu Lab P1S presets; one printer key and one process key are removed, one printer key and one
+# process key are changed without being listed, one key is changed and listed, and it is sliced again.
 #
 # usage: test_cli_project_missing_keys.sh <orca-slicer binary> <python3> <resources/profiles/BBL>
 set -u
@@ -47,7 +45,7 @@ slice() {

 slice base "$WORK/cube.stl" \
    --load-settings "$PROFILES/machine/Bambu Lab P1S 0.4 nozzle.json;$PROFILES/process/0.20mm Standard @BBL X1C.json" \
-    --load-filaments "$PROFILES/filament/Bambu PLA Basic @BBL P1S 0.4 nozzle.json;$PROFILES/filament/Bambu PLA Basic @BBL P1S 0.4 nozzle.json"
+    --load-filaments "$PROFILES/filament/Bambu PLA Basic @BBL P1S 0.4 nozzle.json"

 # The removed keys, with their option defaults from PrintConfig.cpp; stale keys changed without being
 # listed as different, which must come back with the system value; and a listed key the project keeps.
@@ -69,47 +67,30 @@ with zipfile.ZipFile(src) as zin, zipfile.ZipFile(dst, "w", zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED
            for key in ("top_shell_layers", "extruder_clearance_height_to_rod"):
                expected[key] = config[key]
                config[key] = str(int(float(config[key])) + 1)
-            for key in ("filament_cost", "filament_max_volumetric_speed"):
-                expected[key] = config[key]
-                config[key] = [str(float(v) + 1) for v in config[key]]
            expected["wall_loops"] = str(int(config["wall_loops"]) + 1)
            config["wall_loops"] = expected["wall_loops"]
-            expected["filament_density"] = [str(float(config["filament_density"][0]) + 1)] + config["filament_density"][1:]
-            config["filament_density"] = [expected["filament_density"][0]] + [str(float(v) + 1) for v in config["filament_density"][1:]]
-            # One entry for the process, one per filament, one for the printer.
            different = config["different_settings_to_system"]
            different[0] = ";".join([k for k in different[0].split(";") if k] + ["wall_loops"])
-            different[1] = ";".join([k for k in different[1].split(";") if k] + ["filament_density"])
            data = json.dumps(config, indent=4)
        zout.writestr(item, data)
 with open(dst + ".expected.json", "w") as f:
    json.dump(expected, f)
 EOF

-check() {
-    if ! "$PY" - "$WORK/$1/out.3mf" "$WORK/old.3mf.expected.json" "$1" <<'EOF'
+slice project "$WORK/old.3mf"
+
+"$PY" - "$WORK/project/out.3mf" "$WORK/old.3mf.expected.json" <<'EOF'
 import json, sys, zipfile

 with zipfile.ZipFile(sys.argv[1]) as z:
    config = json.loads(z.read("Metadata/project_settings.config"))
 with open(sys.argv[2]) as f:
    expected = json.load(f)
-errors = ["%s: %s is %r, want %r" % (sys.argv[3], key, config.get(key), want) for key, want in expected.items() if config.get(key) != want]
+errors = ["%s is %r, want %r" % (key, config.get(key), want) for key, want in expected.items() if config.get(key) != want]
 for e in errors:
    print("FAIL: " + e)
 sys.exit(1 if errors else 0)
 EOF
-    then
-        tail -n 40 "$WORK/$1/log"
-        exit 1
-    fi
-}
-
-slice project "$WORK/old.3mf"
-check project
-slice uptodate "$WORK/old.3mf" --uptodate
-check uptodate
-# The replaced second filament takes the system values the refresh would have given it.
-slice partial "$WORK/old.3mf" --load-filaments ";$PROFILES/filament/Bambu PLA Basic @BBL P1S 0.4 nozzle.json"
-check partial
+status=$?
+[ "$status" -eq 0 ] || { tail -n 40 "$WORK/project/log"; exit 1; }
 echo "PASS"
@@ -4,12 +4,7 @@
 #include <catch2/generators/catch_generators.hpp>
 #include "libslic3r/libslic3r.h"
 #include "libslic3r/GCode/GCodeProcessor.hpp"
-#include "libslic3r/Utils.hpp"

-#include "test_utils.hpp"
-
-#include <fstream>
-#include <sstream>
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>

@@ -84,90 +79,3 @@ TEST_CASE("Reserved keyword detection reports every offending line", "[GCodeProc
        CHECK(tags.empty());
    }
 }
-
-namespace {
-
-// Closed outer-wall squares, each after a fast travel and before an inner-wall move, so the processor
-// records seams and inserts actual speed moves. virtual_moves adds a VG1 move after each square.
-void process_squares(int squares, GCodeProcessorResult &result, bool virtual_moves = false)
-{
-    std::ostringstream gcode;
-    gcode << "M83\nG90\n";
-    for (int i = 0; i < squares; ++i) {
-        gcode << "G1 X10 Y10 Z" << 0.2 * (i + 1) << " F12000\n"
-              << "; FEATURE: Outer wall\n"
-              << "G1 X50 Y10 E2 F3000\nG1 X50 Y50 E2\nG1 X10 Y50 E2\nG1 X10 Y10 E2\n"
-              << "; FEATURE: Inner wall\n"
-              << "G1 X12 Y12 E0.1\nG1 X30 Y12 E1\n";
-        if (virtual_moves)
-            gcode << "VG1 X20 Y30 F12000\n";
-    }
-    FullPrintConfig config;
-    config.gcode_flavor.value = gcfMarlinFirmware;
-    // s_IsBBLPrinter selects the "; FEATURE: " role tags this G-code uses.
-    const bool       was_bbl_printer = GCodeProcessor::s_IsBBLPrinter;
-    const ScopeGuard restore_bbl_printer([was_bbl_printer] { GCodeProcessor::s_IsBBLPrinter = was_bbl_printer; });
-    GCodeProcessor::s_IsBBLPrinter = true;
-    ScopedTemporaryFile temp(".gcode");
-    std::ofstream(temp.string()) << gcode.str();
-    GCodeProcessor processor;
-    processor.apply_config(config);
-    processor.process_file(temp.string());
-    result = std::move(processor.extract_result());
-}
-
-bool is_block_move(const GCodeProcessorResult::MoveVertex &move)
-{
-    return !move.internal_only && (move.type == EMoveType::Extrude || move.type == EMoveType::Travel);
-}
-
-} // namespace
-
-TEST_CASE("Actual speed moves are inserted on their block's segment just before its move", "[GCodeProcessor]")
-{
-    // 60 squares take several planner passes, which remap the blocks kept between passes.
-    const int                  squares       = GENERATE(10, 60);
-    const bool                 virtual_moves = GENERATE(false, true);
-    GCodeProcessorResult       result;
-    process_squares(squares, result, virtual_moves);
-    const auto                &moves   = result.moves;
-    constexpr size_t           normal  = size_t(PrintEstimatedStatistics::ETimeMode::Normal);
-
-    size_t inserted = 0;
-    for (size_t i = 1; i < moves.size(); ++i) {
-        if (!moves[i].internal_only)
-            continue;
-        ++inserted;
-        // Inserted moves have zero time, but a VG1 block's time is written to whatever move its move_id names.
-        if (!virtual_moves)
-            CHECK(moves[i].time[normal] == 0.f);
-        size_t block = i + 1;
-        while (block < moves.size() && moves[block].internal_only)
-            ++block;
-        size_t previous = i - 1;
-        while (previous > 0 && moves[previous].internal_only)
-            --previous;
-        REQUIRE(block < moves.size());
-        CHECK(moves[block].gcode_id == moves[i].gcode_id);
-        const Vec3f segment = moves[block].position - moves[previous].position;
-        const Vec3f offset  = moves[i].position - moves[previous].position;
-        CHECK(segment.cross(offset).norm() / segment.norm() < 1e-3f);
-    }
-    REQUIRE(inserted > 0);
-}
-
-TEST_CASE("A seam takes the actual speed of the move it follows", "[GCodeProcessor]")
-{
-    GCodeProcessorResult result;
-    // 10 squares fit in one planner pass, so the seam's move and the block after it are timed together.
-    process_squares(10, result);
-    const auto                &moves  = result.moves;
-
-    size_t seams = 0;
-    for (size_t i = 1; i < moves.size(); ++i)
-        if (moves[i].type == EMoveType::Seam && is_block_move(moves[i - 1])) {
-            ++seams;
-            CHECK_THAT(moves[i].actual_feedrate, Catch::Matchers::WithinAbs(moves[i - 1].actual_feedrate, 1e-4));
-        }
-    REQUIRE(seams > 0);
-}
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@
 #include "libslic3r/Print.hpp"
 #include <limits>
 #include <optional>
-#include <regex>
 #include <set>
 #include <sstream>
 #include <string>
@@ -843,47 +842,6 @@ TEST_CASE("Each filament sets the pressure advance of its extruder variant", "[M
    }
 }

-// A two-extruder printer, Standard nozzle on extruder 1 and High Flow on extruder 2, whose per-variant arrays
-// hold filament 1 Standard, filament 1 High Flow, filament 2 Standard and filament 2 High Flow.
-static DynamicPrintConfig two_extruder_pressure_advance_config(const std::string &filament_map, const std::string &adaptive_pressure_advance,
-                                                               int wall_filament, int infill_filament)
-{
-    DynamicPrintConfig config = multifilament_config(2, {
-        { "gcode_flavor",                   "klipper" },
-        { "single_extruder_multi_material", 0 },
-        { "nozzle_diameter",                "0.4,0.4" },
-        { "extruder_printable_height",      "0,0" },
-        { "printer_extruder_id",            "1,2" },
-        { "printer_extruder_variant",       "Direct Drive Standard;Direct Drive High Flow" },
-        { "extruder_variant_list",          "Direct Drive Standard;Direct Drive High Flow" },
-        { "filament_map",                   filament_map },
-        { "filament_extruder_variant",      "Direct Drive Standard;Direct Drive High Flow;Direct Drive Standard;Direct Drive High Flow" },
-        { "filament_self_index",            "1,1,2,2" },
-        { "enable_pressure_advance",        "1,1,1,1" },
-        { "pressure_advance",               "0.021,0.037,0.043,0.049" },
-        { "adaptive_pressure_advance",      adaptive_pressure_advance },
-        { "sparse_infill_filament_id",      infill_filament },
-        { "internal_solid_filament_id",     infill_filament },
-        { "top_surface_filament_id",        infill_filament },
-        { "bottom_surface_filament_id",     infill_filament },
-        { "outer_wall_filament_id",         wall_filament },
-        { "inner_wall_filament_id",         wall_filament },
-        { "enable_prime_tower",             0 },
-        { "skirt_loops",                    0 },
-        { "brim_type",                      "no_brim" },
-        // custom G-code indexes the per-filament arrays by filament
-        { "machine_start_gcode",            "; start pressure advance {pressure_advance[initial_extruder]}" },
-    });
-    config.option<ConfigOptionStrings>("adaptive_pressure_advance_model")->values = {
-        constant_pressure_advance_model("0.012"), constant_pressure_advance_model("0.034"),
-        constant_pressure_advance_model("0.056"), constant_pressure_advance_model("0.078") };
-    config.option<ConfigOptionEnumsGeneric>("extruder_type", true)->values = { etDirectDrive, etDirectDrive };
-    config.option<ConfigOptionEnumsGeneric>("nozzle_volume_type", true)->values = { nvtStandard, nvtHighFlow };
-    // print each filament on the extruder filament_map gives it
-    config.option<ConfigOptionEnum<FilamentMapMode>>("filament_map_mode", true)->value = fmmManual;
-    return config;
-}
-
 // On a printer with two extruders, a filament takes the pressure advance of the variant of the extruder
 // it is mapped to, whichever filament and extruder that is.
 TEST_CASE("Each filament sets the pressure advance of its extruder variant on a two-extruder printer", "[MultiFilament]")
@@ -899,8 +857,42 @@ TEST_CASE("Each filament sets the pressure advance of its extruder variant on a
        // the other filament goes on the other extruder
        const std::string filament_map = filament == 1 ? std::to_string(extruder) + "," + std::to_string(3 - extruder) :
                                                         std::to_string(3 - extruder) + "," + std::to_string(extruder);
-        const std::string gcode = slice({ cube(20) },
-            two_extruder_pressure_advance_config(filament_map, adaptive ? "1,1,1,1" : "0,0,0,0", filament, filament));
+        DynamicPrintConfig config = multifilament_config(2, {
+            { "gcode_flavor",                   "klipper" },
+            { "single_extruder_multi_material", 0 },
+            { "nozzle_diameter",                "0.4,0.4" },
+            { "extruder_printable_height",      "0,0" },
+            // extruder 1 has a Standard nozzle, extruder 2 a High Flow one
+            { "printer_extruder_id",            "1,2" },
+            { "printer_extruder_variant",       "Direct Drive Standard;Direct Drive High Flow" },
+            { "extruder_variant_list",          "Direct Drive Standard;Direct Drive High Flow" },
+            { "filament_map",                   filament_map },
+            // both filaments define Standard and High Flow
+            { "filament_extruder_variant",      "Direct Drive Standard;Direct Drive High Flow;Direct Drive Standard;Direct Drive High Flow" },
+            { "filament_self_index",            "1,1,2,2" },
+            { "enable_pressure_advance",        "1,1,1,1" },
+            { "pressure_advance",               "0.021,0.037,0.043,0.049" },
+            { "adaptive_pressure_advance",      adaptive ? "1,1,1,1" : "0,0,0,0" },
+            { "sparse_infill_filament_id",      filament },
+            { "internal_solid_filament_id",     filament },
+            { "top_surface_filament_id",        filament },
+            { "bottom_surface_filament_id",     filament },
+            { "outer_wall_filament_id",         filament },
+            { "inner_wall_filament_id",         filament },
+            { "enable_prime_tower",             0 },
+            { "skirt_loops",                    0 },
+            { "brim_type",                      "no_brim" },
+            // custom G-code indexes the per-filament arrays by filament
+            { "machine_start_gcode",            "; start pressure advance {pressure_advance[initial_extruder]}" },
+        });
+        config.option<ConfigOptionStrings>("adaptive_pressure_advance_model")->values = {
+            constant_pressure_advance_model("0.012"), constant_pressure_advance_model("0.034"),
+            constant_pressure_advance_model("0.056"), constant_pressure_advance_model("0.078") };
+        config.option<ConfigOptionEnumsGeneric>("extruder_type", true)->values = { etDirectDrive, etDirectDrive };
+        config.option<ConfigOptionEnumsGeneric>("nozzle_volume_type", true)->values = { nvtStandard, nvtHighFlow };
+        // keep the mapping above rather than grouping the filaments automatically
+        config.option<ConfigOptionEnum<FilamentMapMode>>("filament_map_mode", true)->value = fmmManual;
+        const std::string gcode = slice({ cube(20) }, config);

        std::set<std::string> expected{ pressure_advance };
        if (adaptive)
@@ -910,82 +902,6 @@ TEST_CASE("Each filament sets the pressure advance of its extruder variant on a
    }
 }

-// Filament 1 prints the walls on extruder 1 (variant index 0), filament 2 the infill on extruder 2 (variant index 3).
-TEST_CASE("Adaptive pressure advance on one extruder leaves the other extruder's pressure advance alone", "[MultiFilament]")
-{
-    auto [adaptive, expected] = GENERATE(table<std::string, std::set<std::string>>({
-        { "1,0,0,0", { "0.021", "0.049", "0.012" } },
-        { "0,0,0,1", { "0.021", "0.049", "0.078" } },
-    }));
-    DYNAMIC_SECTION("adaptive " << adaptive) {
-        const std::string gcode = slice({ cube(20) }, two_extruder_pressure_advance_config("1,2", adaptive, 1, 2));
-        CHECK(pressure_advance_values(gcode) == expected);
-    }
-}
-
-// The pressure advance values a Klipper G-code sets while `tool` is active, in order, without repeating the value already set.
-static std::vector<std::string> pressure_advance_sequence(const std::string &gcode, int tool)
-{
-    const std::string token = "SET_PRESSURE_ADVANCE ADVANCE=";
-    std::vector<std::string> values;
-    int current_tool = 0;
-    std::istringstream stream(gcode);
-    for (std::string line; std::getline(stream, line);) {
-        if (line.size() > 1 && line[0] == 'T' && std::isdigit((unsigned char) line[1]))
-            current_tool = std::stoi(line.substr(1));
-        else if (current_tool == tool && line.rfind(token, 0) == 0) {
-            std::string value = line.substr(token.size(), line.find(';') - token.size());
-            if (values.empty() || values.back() != value)
-                values.push_back(std::move(value));
-        }
-    }
-    return values;
-}
-
-TEST_CASE("Adaptive pressure advance predicts the same values after layers only a non-adaptive extruder prints", "[MultiFilament]")
-{
-    auto slice_with = [](const std::string &adaptive) {
-        DynamicPrintConfig config = two_extruder_pressure_advance_config("1,2", adaptive, 1, 1);
-        config.set_deserialize_strict({
-            { "print_sequence",                "by object" },
-            // extruder 2 moves at one speed on its first layer, so no G1 F follows its first PA_CHANGE tag
-            { "filament_max_volumetric_speed", "100" },
-            { "slow_down_for_layer_cooling",   "0" },
-            { "travel_speed",                  "120,40" },
-            { "retraction_speed",              "30,40" },
-            { "deretraction_speed",            "30,40" },
-            { "initial_layer_speed",           "30,40" },
-            { "initial_layer_infill_speed",    "60,40" },
-        });
-        auto &models = config.option<ConfigOptionStrings>("adaptive_pressure_advance_model")->values;
-        // with adaptive pressure advance on, filament 1 gets PA_CHANGE tags on every layer but keeps its pressure advance
-        models[0] = constant_pressure_advance_model("0.021");
-        // a prediction that rises with flow, so it depends on the print speed
-        models[3] = "0.01,1,1000\n0.09,40,1000\n0.01,1,100000\n0.09,40,100000";
-        return slice_with_object_overrides({ cube(20), cube(20) }, config,
-            { {}, { { "outer_wall_filament_id", 2 }, { "inner_wall_filament_id", 2 }, { "sparse_infill_filament_id", 2 },
-                    { "internal_solid_filament_id", 2 }, { "top_surface_filament_id", 2 }, { "bottom_surface_filament_id", 2 } } });
-    };
-    const std::vector<std::string> expected = pressure_advance_sequence(slice_with("1,0,0,1"), 1);
-    REQUIRE(expected.size() > 2);
-    CHECK(pressure_advance_sequence(slice_with("0,0,0,1"), 1) == expected);
-}
-
-TEST_CASE("Adaptive pressure advance on an unused extruder variant leaves the G-code unchanged", "[MultiFilament]")
-{
-    const std::string adaptive = GENERATE("0,1,0,0", "0,0,1,0");
-    DYNAMIC_SECTION("adaptive " << adaptive) {
-        // the time and object ids differ between any two slices, and the config block lists the setting itself
-        auto masked = [](const std::string &gcode) {
-            return std::regex_replace(gcode.substr(0, gcode.find("; CONFIG_BLOCK_START")), std::regex("; generated by .*| id:\\d+"), "");
-        };
-        const std::string reference = masked(slice({ cube(20) }, two_extruder_pressure_advance_config("1,2", "0,0,0,0", 1, 2)));
-        const std::string gcode     = masked(slice({ cube(20) }, two_extruder_pressure_advance_config("1,2", adaptive, 1, 2)));
-        REQUIRE(reference.find("SET_PRESSURE_ADVANCE") != std::string::npos);
-        CHECK(gcode == reference);
-    }
-}
-
 // The speeds, in percent, a G-code turns a fan on at: the part cooling fan for `M106 S`, the auxiliary
 // fan for `M106 P2 S`.
 static std::set<int> fan_speeds(const std::string &gcode, const std::string &command)
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ add_executable(${_TEST_NAME}_tests
    test_appconfig.cpp
    test_arachne_walls.cpp
    test_arrange.cpp
-    test_assemble_list.cpp
    test_bambu_networking.cpp
    test_buildvolume.cpp
    test_calib.cpp
@@ -1,266 +0,0 @@
-#include <catch2/catch_all.hpp>
-
-#include "libslic3r/Format/AssembleList.hpp"
-
-#include "test_utils.hpp"
-
-#include <boost/nowide/fstream.hpp>
-#include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
-
-#include <string>
-#include <vector>
-
-using namespace Slic3r;
-using Catch::Matchers::WithinAbs;
-using nlohmann::json;
-
-static constexpr int max_plates = 36;
-
-static AssembleListResult load_text(const std::string &text, std::vector<assemble_plate_info_t> &plates)
-{
-    ScopedTemporaryFile file(".json");
-    {
-        boost::nowide::ofstream out(file.string());
-        out << text;
-    }
-    return load_assemble_plate_list(file.string(), plates, max_plates);
-}
-
-static AssembleListResult load_json(const json &root)
-{
-    std::vector<assemble_plate_info_t> plates;
-    return load_text(root.dump(), plates);
-}
-
-// One plate with one object of three clones, which every optional field accepts.
-static json valid_list()
-{
-    return json::parse(R"({
-        "plates": [{
-            "plate_name": "plate",
-            "need_arrange": false,
-            "objects": [{
-                "path": "cube.stl",
-                "count": 3,
-                "filaments": [1],
-                "height_ranges": [{ "min_z": 0, "max_z": 5, "range_params": { "layer_height": "0.1" } }]
-            }],
-            "assembled_params": [{
-                "assemble_index": 1,
-                "height_ranges": [{ "min_z": 0, "max_z": 5, "range_params": { "layer_height": "0.1" } }]
-            }]
-        }]
-    })");
-}
-
-TEST_CASE("A valid assemble list parses into its plates and objects", "[AssembleList]")
-{
-    const std::string text = R"({
-        "plates": [
-            {
-                "plate_name": "first",
-                "need_arrange": true,
-                "plate_params": { "curr_bed_type": "Textured PEI Plate" },
-                "objects": [
-                    {
-                        "path": "a.stl",
-                        "count": 2,
-                        "filaments": [1, 3],
-                        "assemble_index": [1],
-                        "pos_x": [10.5, 20.5],
-                        "pos_y": [30],
-                        "pos_z": [0, 1],
-                        "print_params": { "sparse_infill_density": "30%" },
-                        "height_ranges": [{ "min_z": 1.5, "max_z": 4, "range_params": { "layer_height": "0.12" } }]
-                    },
-                    { "path": "b.stl", "count": 1, "filaments": [0] }
-                ],
-                "assembled_params": [{ "assemble_index": 1, "print_params": { "wall_loops": "4" } }]
-            },
-            {
-                "plate_name": "second",
-                "need_arrange": false,
-                "objects": [{ "path": "c.stl", "count": 1, "filaments": [2] }]
-            }
-        ]
-    })";
-    std::vector<assemble_plate_info_t> plates;
-    REQUIRE(load_text(text, plates) == AssembleListResult::Success);
-    REQUIRE(plates.size() == 2);
-
-    const assemble_plate_info_t &first = plates[0];
-    CHECK(first.plate_name == "first");
-    CHECK(first.need_arrange);
-    CHECK(first.plate_params.at("curr_bed_type") == "Textured PEI Plate");
-    REQUIRE(first.assemble_obj_list.size() == 2);
-
-    const assemble_object_info_t &a = first.assemble_obj_list[0];
-    CHECK(a.path == "a.stl");
-    CHECK(a.count == 2);
-    CHECK(a.filaments == std::vector<int>{1, 3});
-    CHECK(a.assemble_index == std::vector<int>{1});
-    REQUIRE(a.pos_x.size() == 2);
-    CHECK_THAT(a.pos_x[0], WithinAbs(10.5, 1e-6));
-    CHECK_THAT(a.pos_x[1], WithinAbs(20.5, 1e-6));
-    REQUIRE(a.pos_y.size() == 1);
-    CHECK_THAT(a.pos_y[0], WithinAbs(30., 1e-6));
-    REQUIRE(a.pos_z.size() == 2);
-    CHECK_THAT(a.pos_z[1], WithinAbs(1., 1e-6));
-    CHECK(a.print_params.at("sparse_infill_density") == "30%");
-    REQUIRE(a.height_ranges.size() == 1);
-    CHECK_THAT(a.height_ranges[0].min_z, WithinAbs(1.5, 1e-6));
-    CHECK_THAT(a.height_ranges[0].max_z, WithinAbs(4., 1e-6));
-    CHECK(a.height_ranges[0].range_params.at("layer_height") == "0.12");
-
-    const assemble_object_info_t &b = first.assemble_obj_list[1];
-    CHECK(b.path == "b.stl");
-    CHECK(b.count == 1);
-    CHECK(b.filaments == std::vector<int>{0});
-    CHECK(b.pos_x.empty());
-    CHECK(b.assemble_index.empty());
-
-    REQUIRE(first.assembled_param_list.count(1) == 1);
-    CHECK(first.assembled_param_list.at(1).print_params.at("wall_loops") == "4");
-
-    const assemble_plate_info_t &second = plates[1];
-    CHECK(second.plate_name == "second");
-    CHECK_FALSE(second.need_arrange);
-    REQUIRE(second.assemble_obj_list.size() == 1);
-    CHECK(second.assemble_obj_list[0].path == "c.stl");
-    CHECK(second.assemble_obj_list[0].filaments == std::vector<int>{2});
-}
-
-TEST_CASE("The unmodified fixture used by the rule tests is accepted", "[AssembleList]")
-{
-    CHECK(load_json(valid_list()) == AssembleListResult::Success);
-}
-
-TEST_CASE("An object with an empty filament list is rejected", "[AssembleList]")
-{
-    json root = valid_list();
-    root["plates"][0]["objects"][0]["filaments"] = json::array();
-    CHECK(load_json(root) == AssembleListResult::ConfigError);
-}
-
-TEST_CASE("An object with a negative filament id is rejected", "[AssembleList]")
-{
-    json root = valid_list();
-    root["plates"][0]["objects"][0]["filaments"] = GENERATE(json::array({-1}), json::array({1, -2, 1}));
-    CAPTURE(root["plates"][0]["objects"][0]["filaments"].dump());
-    CHECK(load_json(root) == AssembleListResult::ConfigError);
-}
-
-TEST_CASE("Filament id 0 is accepted", "[AssembleList]")
-{
-    json root = valid_list();
-    root["plates"][0]["objects"][0]["filaments"] = GENERATE(json::array({0}), json::array({0, 1, 0}));
-    CAPTURE(root["plates"][0]["objects"][0]["filaments"].dump());
-    CHECK(load_json(root) == AssembleListResult::Success);
-}
-
-TEST_CASE("Per-clone lists need one entry or one per clone", "[AssembleList]")
-{
-    // The fixture object has 3 clones.
-    const std::string key  = GENERATE("filaments", "assemble_index", "pos_x", "pos_y", "pos_z");
-    const size_t      size = GENERATE(1, 2, 3, 4);
-    CAPTURE(key, size);
-
-    json root = valid_list();
-    root["plates"][0]["objects"][0][key] = json(std::vector<int>(size, 1));
-    const AssembleListResult expected = (size == 1 || size == 3) ? AssembleListResult::Success : AssembleListResult::ConfigError;
-    CHECK(load_json(root) == expected);
-}
-
-TEST_CASE("An empty optional per-clone list is accepted", "[AssembleList]")
-{
-    const std::string key = GENERATE("assemble_index", "pos_x", "pos_y", "pos_z");
-    CAPTURE(key);
-
-    json root = valid_list();
-    root["plates"][0]["objects"][0][key] = json::array();
-    CHECK(load_json(root) == AssembleListResult::Success);
-}
-
-// Fields read through a const reference (plate_name, need_arrange, objects, path, count) are
-// looked up without a presence check, so only their wrong-type case is covered here.
-TEST_CASE("A missing required field is rejected", "[AssembleList]")
-{
-    const std::string pointer = GENERATE("/plates",
-                                         "/plates/0/objects/0/filaments",
-                                         "/plates/0/objects/0/height_ranges/0/min_z",
-                                         "/plates/0/objects/0/height_ranges/0/max_z",
-                                         "/plates/0/objects/0/height_ranges/0/range_params",
-                                         "/plates/0/assembled_params/0/assemble_index",
-                                         "/plates/0/assembled_params/0/height_ranges/0/min_z",
-                                         "/plates/0/assembled_params/0/height_ranges/0/max_z",
-                                         "/plates/0/assembled_params/0/height_ranges/0/range_params");
-    CAPTURE(pointer);
-
-    json root = valid_list();
-    const json::json_pointer ptr(pointer);
-    root[ptr.parent_pointer()].erase(ptr.back());
-    CHECK(load_json(root) == AssembleListResult::ConfigError);
-}
-
-TEST_CASE("A field of the wrong type is rejected", "[AssembleList]")
-{
-    const std::string pointer = GENERATE("/plates/0/plate_name",
-                                         "/plates/0/need_arrange",
-                                         "/plates/0/objects/0/path",
-                                         "/plates/0/objects/0/count",
-                                         "/plates/0/objects/0/filaments",
-                                         "/plates/0/objects/0/pos_x");
-    CAPTURE(pointer);
-
-    json root = valid_list();
-    root[json::json_pointer(pointer)] = json::object();
-    CHECK(load_json(root) == AssembleListResult::ConfigError);
-}
-
-TEST_CASE("A plate or clone count out of range is rejected", "[AssembleList]")
-{
-    SECTION("no plates")
-    {
-        json root = valid_list();
-        root["plates"] = json::array();
-        CHECK(load_json(root) == AssembleListResult::ConfigError);
-    }
-    SECTION("more plates than the limit")
-    {
-        json root = valid_list();
-        const json plate = root["plates"][0];
-        for (int i = 1; i < max_plates; ++i)
-            root["plates"].push_back(plate);
-        CHECK(load_json(root) == AssembleListResult::Success);
-        root["plates"].push_back(plate);
-        CHECK(load_json(root) == AssembleListResult::ConfigError);
-    }
-    SECTION("a plate with no objects")
-    {
-        json root = valid_list();
-        root["plates"][0]["objects"] = json::array();
-        CHECK(load_json(root) == AssembleListResult::ConfigError);
-    }
-    SECTION("a clone count below 1")
-    {
-        json root = valid_list();
-        root["plates"][0]["objects"][0]["count"] = GENERATE(0, -1);
-        CAPTURE(root["plates"][0]["objects"][0]["count"].dump());
-        CHECK(load_json(root) == AssembleListResult::ConfigError);
-    }
-}
-
-TEST_CASE("Malformed JSON is rejected", "[AssembleList]")
-{
-    const std::string text = GENERATE(std::string(), std::string("{\"plates\": ["), std::string("not json"));
-    CAPTURE(text);
-    std::vector<assemble_plate_info_t> plates;
-    CHECK(load_text(text, plates) == AssembleListResult::ConfigError);
-}
-
-TEST_CASE("A missing file is reported as not found", "[AssembleList]")
-{
-    ScopedTemporaryFile        file(".json");
-    std::vector<assemble_plate_info_t> plates;
-    CHECK(load_assemble_plate_list(file.string(), plates, max_plates) == AssembleListResult::FileNotFound);
-}
@@ -69,22 +69,3 @@ TEST_CASE("a setter nested in another sets C again when the locale changed betwe
        CHECK_FALSE(is_decimal_separator_point());
    }
 }
-
-TEST_CASE("atof_decimal_point parses what atof parses in the C locale", "[LocalesUtils]")
-{
-    const auto [text, value] = GENERATE(table<const char*, double>({
-        { "5", 5. },
-        { "  12.5", 12.5 },
-        { "\t+3", 3. },
-        { "\r\n7", 7. },
-        { "-1.25", -1.25 },
-        { "1e2", 100. },
-        { ".5", 0.5 },
-        { "12.5;comment", 12.5 },
-        { "+-5", 0. },
-        { "", 0. },
-        { "abc", 0. },
-    }));
-    INFO(text);
-    CHECK_THAT(atof_decimal_point(text), Catch::Matchers::WithinAbs(value, 1e-12));
-}
@@ -509,15 +509,3 @@ TEST_CASE("is_safe_to_open_file_name rejects programs and anything it does not k
    INFO(unsafe);
    CHECK_FALSE(is_safe_to_open_file_name(unsafe));
 }
-
-TEST_CASE("ascii_iequals compares ASCII letters regardless of case", "[Utils]") {
-    CHECK(ascii_iequals("set_velocity_limit", "SET_VELOCITY_LIMIT"));
-    CHECK(ascii_iequals("G28", "g28"));
-    CHECK(ascii_iequals("", ""));
-    CHECK_FALSE(ascii_iequals("G28", "G29"));
-    CHECK_FALSE(ascii_iequals("G2", "G28"));
-    CHECK_FALSE(ascii_iequals("G28", "G2"));
-    // Non-letters 0x20 apart are not equal.
-    CHECK_FALSE(ascii_iequals("[", "{"));
-    CHECK_FALSE(ascii_iequals("@", "`"));
-}
@@ -24,6 +24,9 @@ add_executable(${_TEST_NAME}_tests
    test_plugin_capabilities_in_use.cpp
    test_plugin_status.cpp
    test_printer_agent.cpp
+    test_qidi_printer_agent.cpp
+    test_orca_mqtt_connection.cpp
+    test_orca_printer_agent.cpp
    test_plugin_install.cpp
    test_plugin_lifecycle.cpp
    test_plugin_printer_agent.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,325 @@
+#pragma once
+
+// In-process plaintext MQTT-over-WebSocket broker for the OrcaMqtt tests.
+//
+// It speaks just enough of MQTT 3.1.1 to drive OrcaMqttConnection /
+// OrcaPrinterAgent end to end without a real network: CONNECT/CONNACK,
+// SUBSCRIBE/SUBACK, UNSUBSCRIBE/UNSUBACK, client PUBLISH (QoS 0), PINGREQ and
+// DISCONNECT. The outbound PUBLISH frame is built with the production
+// OrcaMqttConnection::make_publish_packet() so the tests never depend on a
+// second, hand-rolled MQTT encoder.
+
+#include <slic3r/Utils/OrcaMqttConnection.hpp>
+
+#include <boost/asio.hpp>
+#include <boost/beast/core.hpp>
+#include <boost/beast/websocket.hpp>
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <atomic>
+#include <chrono>
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <optional>
+#include <string>
+#include <thread>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace orca_mqtt_test {
+
+namespace net   = boost::asio;
+namespace beast = boost::beast;
+namespace ws    = boost::beast::websocket;
+using tcp       = boost::asio::ip::tcp;
+
+// Decode an MQTT remaining-length varint starting at packet[offset].
+// Returns {value, bytes_consumed}; bytes_consumed == 0 means malformed.
+inline std::pair<std::size_t, std::size_t> mqtt_decode_remaining_length(const std::string& packet, std::size_t offset)
+{
+    std::size_t value      = 0;
+    std::size_t multiplier = 1;
+    std::size_t used       = 0;
+    while (offset + used < packet.size() && used < 4) {
+        const std::uint8_t byte = static_cast<std::uint8_t>(packet[offset + used]);
+        value += static_cast<std::size_t>(byte & 0x7f) * multiplier;
+        multiplier *= 128;
+        ++used;
+        if ((byte & 0x80) == 0)
+            return {value, used};
+    }
+    return {0, 0};
+}
+
+inline bool mqtt_topic_is_request(const std::string& topic)
+{
+    static const std::string suffix = "/request";
+    return topic.size() >= suffix.size() &&
+           topic.compare(topic.size() - suffix.size(), suffix.size(), suffix) == 0;
+}
+
+class MockBroker
+{
+public:
+    // refuse_auth: answer every CONNECT with CONNACK rc 5 (not authorized) and
+    // close, so the reconnect/refusal paths can be exercised.
+    explicit MockBroker(bool refuse_auth = false) : m_refuse_auth(refuse_auth), m_acceptor(m_io)
+    {
+        const tcp::endpoint endpoint(net::ip::make_address("127.0.0.1"), 0);
+        m_acceptor.open(endpoint.protocol());
+        m_acceptor.set_option(net::socket_base::reuse_address(true));
+        m_acceptor.bind(endpoint);
+        m_acceptor.listen(net::socket_base::max_listen_connections);
+        m_port = std::to_string(m_acceptor.local_endpoint().port());
+        // why: a non-blocking acceptor lets the accept loop poll a stop flag, so
+        // the destructor never has to interrupt a blocking accept().
+        m_acceptor.non_blocking(true);
+        m_thread = std::thread([this] { run(); });
+    }
+
+    ~MockBroker()
+    {
+        m_stopping.store(true);
+        drop_client();                     // unblocks the worker's blocking read
+        if (m_thread.joinable())
+            m_thread.join();
+        boost::system::error_code ec;
+        m_acceptor.close(ec);              // after join: the acceptor is worker-owned
+        m_io.stop();
+    }
+
+    MockBroker(const MockBroker&)            = delete;
+    MockBroker& operator=(const MockBroker&) = delete;
+
+    std::string ws_url() const { return "ws://127.0.0.1:" + m_port + "/mqtt"; }
+
+    std::pair<std::string, std::string> host_port() const { return {std::string("127.0.0.1"), m_port}; }
+
+    // Server -> client PUBLISH on device/<dev_id>/report.
+    void push_report(const std::string& dev_id, const std::string& payload)
+    {
+        const std::vector<std::uint8_t> packet =
+            Slic3r::OrcaMqttConnection::make_publish_packet("device/" + dev_id + "/report", payload);
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex);
+        if (!m_stream || !m_stream_ready)
+            return;
+        boost::system::error_code ec;
+        m_stream->binary(true);
+        m_stream->write(net::buffer(packet), ec); // a vanished client is not a test failure
+    }
+
+    // Force-close the live client socket; the worker's read returns an error and
+    // the accept loop picks up the client's reconnect.
+    void drop_client()
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex);
+        close_client_locked();
+    }
+
+    // Payloads the client PUBLISHed to any device/<id>/request topic.
+    std::vector<std::string> received_requests() const
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex);
+        return m_received_requests;
+    }
+
+    // MQTT CONNECTs seen; increments again after a reconnect.
+    int connect_count() const { return m_connect_count.load(); }
+
+    // MQTT PINGREQs seen while the client has no other traffic.
+    int ping_count() const { return m_ping_count.load(); }
+
+private:
+    void run()
+    {
+        try {
+            while (!m_stopping.load()) {
+                tcp::socket               socket(m_io);
+                boost::system::error_code ec;
+                m_acceptor.accept(socket, ec);
+                if (ec == net::error::would_block || ec == net::error::try_again) {
+                    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(5));
+                    continue;
+                }
+                if (ec)
+                    return;
+                try {
+                    serve(std::move(socket));
+                } catch (...) {
+                    // a client dying mid-session must not take the broker down
+                }
+                std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex);
+                close_client_locked();
+                m_stream.reset();
+            }
+        } catch (...) {
+            // never let an exception escape the broker thread
+        }
+    }
+
+    void serve(tcp::socket socket)
+    {
+        ws::stream<beast::tcp_stream>* stream = nullptr;
+        {
+            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex);
+            m_stream.emplace(std::move(socket));
+            m_stream_ready = false;
+            stream         = &*m_stream;
+        }
+        // why: no io_context is ever run here, so a tcp_stream timer would never
+        // fire; the sync operations below carry no timeout of their own.
+        beast::get_lowest_layer(*stream).expires_never();
+        stream->set_option(ws::stream_base::decorator(
+            [](ws::response_type& res) { res.set("Sec-WebSocket-Protocol", "mqtt"); }));
+
+        boost::system::error_code ec;
+        stream->accept(ec);
+        if (ec)
+            return;
+        stream->binary(true);
+        {
+            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex);
+            m_stream_ready = true;
+        }
+        read_loop(*stream);
+    }
+
+    // The client sends every MQTT packet as one binary WebSocket message, so one
+    // read yields exactly one packet.
+    void read_loop(ws::stream<beast::tcp_stream>& stream)
+    {
+        beast::flat_buffer buffer;
+        while (!m_stopping.load()) {
+            boost::system::error_code ec;
+            buffer.clear();
+            stream.read(buffer, ec);
+            if (ec)
+                return;
+            const std::string packet = beast::buffers_to_string(buffer.data());
+            if (packet.empty())
+                continue;
+            if (!handle_packet(stream, packet))
+                return;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Returns false when the session must be closed.
+    bool handle_packet(ws::stream<beast::tcp_stream>& stream, const std::string& packet)
+    {
+        switch (static_cast<std::uint8_t>(packet[0]) & 0xf0) {
+        case 0x10: { // CONNECT
+            ++m_connect_count;
+            if (m_refuse_auth) {
+                write_packet(stream, {0x20, 0x02, 0x00, 0x05}); // CONNACK not authorized
+                return false;
+            }
+            write_packet(stream, {0x20, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00}); // CONNACK accepted
+            return true;
+        }
+        case 0x80: { // SUBSCRIBE (0x82) - packet id follows the remaining-length varint
+            const auto id = packet_id(packet);
+            if (id)
+                write_packet(stream, {0x90, 0x03, id->first, id->second, 0x00}); // SUBACK, QoS 0
+            return true;
+        }
+        case 0xa0: { // UNSUBSCRIBE (0xa2)
+            const auto id = packet_id(packet);
+            if (id)
+                write_packet(stream, {0xb0, 0x02, id->first, id->second}); // UNSUBACK
+            return true;
+        }
+        case 0x30: { // PUBLISH, QoS 0 (no packet identifier)
+            record_publish(packet);
+            return true;
+        }
+        case 0xc0: // PINGREQ
+            ++m_ping_count;
+            write_packet(stream, {0xd0, 0x00});
+            return true;
+        case 0xe0: // DISCONNECT
+            return false;
+        default:
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // The two packet-identifier bytes sitting right after the remaining-length varint.
+    static std::optional<std::pair<std::uint8_t, std::uint8_t>> packet_id(const std::string& packet)
+    {
+        const auto varint = mqtt_decode_remaining_length(packet, 1);
+        if (varint.second == 0)
+            return std::nullopt;
+        const std::size_t pos = 1 + varint.second;
+        if (pos + 2 > packet.size())
+            return std::nullopt;
+        return std::make_pair(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(packet[pos]), static_cast<std::uint8_t>(packet[pos + 1]));
+    }
+
+    void record_publish(const std::string& packet)
+    {
+        const auto varint = mqtt_decode_remaining_length(packet, 1);
+        if (varint.second == 0)
+            return;
+        std::size_t pos = 1 + varint.second;
+        if (pos + 2 > packet.size())
+            return;
+        const std::size_t topic_len = (static_cast<std::size_t>(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(packet[pos])) << 8) |
+                                      static_cast<std::uint8_t>(packet[pos + 1]);
+        pos += 2;
+        if (pos + topic_len > packet.size())
+            return;
+        const std::string topic = packet.substr(pos, topic_len);
+        pos += topic_len;
+        const std::size_t end = std::min(packet.size(), 1 + varint.second + varint.first);
+        if (end < pos)
+            return;
+        if (!mqtt_topic_is_request(topic))
+            return;
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex);
+        m_received_requests.push_back(packet.substr(pos, end - pos));
+    }
+
+    // Every write - the worker's own replies and push_report() from the test
+    // thread - is serialised by m_mutex. The production client keeps all of its
+    // WebSocket operations on its MQTT worker instead.
+    void write_packet(ws::stream<beast::tcp_stream>& stream, const std::vector<std::uint8_t>& packet)
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex);
+        boost::system::error_code   ec;
+        stream.binary(true);
+        stream.write(net::buffer(packet), ec);
+    }
+
+    void close_client_locked()
+    {
+        if (!m_stream)
+            return;
+        m_stream_ready = false;
+        boost::system::error_code ec;
+        auto&                     socket = beast::get_lowest_layer(*m_stream).socket();
+        if (socket.cancel(ec))
+            return;
+        // shutdown() before close() is what actually wakes a blocking read on the
+        // worker thread; close() alone does not on POSIX.
+        if (socket.shutdown(tcp::socket::shutdown_both, ec))
+            return;
+        if (socket.close(ec))
+            return;
+    }
+
+    const bool                                   m_refuse_auth;
+    net::io_context                              m_io;
+    tcp::acceptor                                m_acceptor;
+    std::string                                  m_port;
+    std::thread                                  m_thread;
+    std::atomic_bool                             m_stopping{false};
+    std::atomic<int>                             m_connect_count{0};
+    std::atomic<int>                             m_ping_count{0};
+    mutable std::mutex                           m_mutex;
+    std::optional<ws::stream<beast::tcp_stream>> m_stream;      // guarded by m_mutex
+    bool                                         m_stream_ready = false; // guarded by m_mutex
+    std::vector<std::string>                     m_received_requests;    // guarded by m_mutex
+};
+
+} // namespace orca_mqtt_test
@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
+#include <catch2/catch_test_macros.hpp>
+#include <slic3r/Utils/OrcaMqttConnection.hpp>
+
+#include "orca_mqtt_mock_broker.hpp"
+
+#include <chrono>
+#include <condition_variable>
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <string>
+#include <thread>
+#include <vector>
+
+using Slic3r::OrcaMqttConnection;
+
+// Offset of the CONNECT variable header: 1 (fixed header) + N remaining-length varint bytes.
+static size_t mqtt_varheader_offset(const std::vector<uint8_t>& p) {
+    size_t i = 1;
+    while (i < p.size() && (p[i] & 0x80)) ++i;   // skip varint continuation bytes
+    return i + 1;                                // + the final varint byte
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("OrcaMqtt parse_endpoint handles ws and wss", "[OrcaMqtt]") {
+    OrcaMqttConnection::Endpoint ep;
+
+    REQUIRE(OrcaMqttConnection::parse_endpoint("ws://printer.local:8280/mqtt", ep));
+    CHECK(ep.host   == "printer.local");
+    CHECK(ep.port   == "8280");
+    CHECK(ep.target == "/mqtt");
+
+    REQUIRE(OrcaMqttConnection::parse_endpoint("ws://10.0.0.5/mqtt", ep));
+    CHECK(ep.port == "80");
+
+    REQUIRE(OrcaMqttConnection::parse_endpoint("wss://api.example.com/api/v1/printers/abc/mqtt", ep));
+    CHECK(ep.host   == "api.example.com");
+    CHECK(ep.port   == "443");
+    CHECK(ep.target == "/api/v1/printers/abc/mqtt");
+
+    CHECK_FALSE(OrcaMqttConnection::parse_endpoint("http://x/y", ep));
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("OrcaMqtt CONNECT packet - no auth (cloud form)", "[OrcaMqtt]") {
+    auto p = OrcaMqttConnection::make_connect_packet("OrcaSlicer", "", "", 300);
+    REQUIRE(p.size() >= 12);
+    CHECK(p[0] == 0x10);                              // CONNECT fixed header
+    const size_t v = mqtt_varheader_offset(p);
+    CHECK(p[v + 0] == 0x00); CHECK(p[v + 1] == 0x04); // protocol name length
+    CHECK(p[v + 2] == 'M'); CHECK(p[v + 3] == 'Q');
+    CHECK(p[v + 4] == 'T'); CHECK(p[v + 5] == 'T');
+    CHECK(p[v + 6] == 0x04);                          // protocol level 3.1.1
+    CHECK(p[v + 7] == 0x02);                          // connect flags: clean session only
+    CHECK(((p[v + 8] << 8) | p[v + 9]) == 300);       // keepalive
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("OrcaMqtt CONNECT packet - username/password (LAN form)", "[OrcaMqtt]") {
+    auto p = OrcaMqttConnection::make_connect_packet("orcaslicer-lan-x", "orcasonar", "code123", 60);
+    CHECK(p[0] == 0x10);
+    const size_t v = mqtt_varheader_offset(p);
+    CHECK(p[v + 7] == (0x02 | 0x80 | 0x40));          // clean session + username + password flags
+    const std::string blob(p.begin(), p.end());
+    CHECK(blob.find("orcaslicer-lan-x") != std::string::npos);
+    CHECK(blob.find("orcasonar")        != std::string::npos);
+    CHECK(blob.find("code123")          != std::string::npos);
+}
+
+// Auth precedence (spec O3): when a bearer_provider is configured, connect_and_read
+// passes empty CONNECT credentials, so the packet must carry clean-session only and
+// no username/password flags or payload fields. (The precedence branch itself lives
+// in connect_and_read; the [.integration] cloud-style round trip exercises it live.)
+TEST_CASE("OrcaMqtt CONNECT omits creds when a bearer is configured", "[OrcaMqtt]") {
+    auto p = OrcaMqttConnection::make_connect_packet("cid", "", "", 60);
+    const size_t v = mqtt_varheader_offset(p);
+    CHECK(p[v + 7] == 0x02);                       // clean session only: no 0x80 / 0x40
+    const std::string blob(p.begin(), p.end());
+    CHECK(blob.find("orcasonar") == std::string::npos);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("OrcaMqtt topic helpers", "[OrcaMqtt]") {
+    CHECK(OrcaMqttConnection::request_topic("abc") == "device/abc/request");
+    CHECK(OrcaMqttConnection::report_topic("abc")  == "device/abc/report");
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("OrcaMqtt PUBLISH packet QoS0", "[OrcaMqtt]") {
+    auto p = OrcaMqttConnection::make_publish_packet("device/abc/request", "{\"ok\":1}");
+    CHECK((p[0] & 0xf0) == 0x30);   // PUBLISH
+    CHECK((p[0] & 0x06) == 0x00);   // QoS 0
+    const std::string blob(p.begin(), p.end());
+    CHECK(blob.find("device/abc/request") != std::string::npos);
+    CHECK(blob.find("{\"ok\":1}")          != std::string::npos);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("OrcaMqtt SUBSCRIBE packet", "[OrcaMqtt]") {
+    auto p = OrcaMqttConnection::make_subscribe_packet(7, "device/abc/report", 1);
+    CHECK(p[0] == 0x82);                          // SUBSCRIBE + reserved bit
+    const size_t v = mqtt_varheader_offset(p);
+    CHECK(((p[v] << 8) | p[v + 1]) == 7);         // packet id
+    CHECK(p.back() == 1);                         // requested QoS
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("OrcaMqtt send_request refuses when not connected", "[OrcaMqtt]") {
+    OrcaMqttConnection conn;
+    CHECK_FALSE(conn.send_request("abc", "{\"pushing\":{\"command\":\"pushall\",\"sequence_id\":\"20001\"}}"));
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("OrcaMqtt start takes a Config", "[OrcaMqtt]") {
+    OrcaMqttConnection conn;
+    OrcaMqttConnection::Config cfg;
+    cfg.url = "ws://127.0.0.1:1/mqtt";           // nothing listening
+    cfg.keepalive_seconds = 42;
+    // start() returns false (no server) but must compile with the Config overload
+    const bool ok = conn.start(cfg, [](auto, auto){}, [](bool, bool){});
+    CHECK_FALSE(ok);
+    CHECK(conn.last_connack_rc() == -1);
+    conn.stop();
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("MockBroker starts and reports a url", "[OrcaMqtt][.integration]") {
+    orca_mqtt_test::MockBroker b;
+    CHECK(b.ws_url().rfind("ws://127.0.0.1:", 0) == 0);
+    CHECK(b.connect_count() == 0);
+}
+
+// --- End-to-end integration: OrcaMqttConnection against the in-process MockBroker.
+// All hidden behind [.integration] (run explicitly). These prove a LAN-style config
+// (CONNECT username/password) and a cloud-style config (bearer on the WS upgrade,
+// no CONNECT creds) drive the *same* OrcaMqttConnection code path with identical
+// assertions.
+
+static void run_round_trip(bool use_tls_flag_only) {
+    orca_mqtt_test::MockBroker broker;
+    OrcaMqttConnection conn;
+    OrcaMqttConnection::Config cfg;
+    cfg.url = broker.ws_url();                     // plaintext regardless
+    cfg.use_tls = false;                           // the mock is plaintext; the flag path is unit-tested elsewhere
+    if (use_tls_flag_only) cfg.bearer_provider = []{ return std::string("tok"); };
+    else { cfg.username = "orcasonar"; cfg.password = "code"; }
+
+    // A mutex + condition_variable rather than a promise: the handler runs on the MQTT
+    // worker thread and a second inbound message would throw std::future_error there.
+    std::mutex              got_mutex;
+    std::condition_variable got_cv;
+    bool                    got_any = false;
+    std::string             got_id, got_payload;
+
+    REQUIRE(conn.start(cfg,
+        [&](const std::string& id, const std::string& payload){
+            {
+                std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(got_mutex);
+                if (got_any) return;              // keep the first message only
+                got_any = true; got_id = id; got_payload = payload;
+            }
+            got_cv.notify_all();
+        },
+        [](bool,bool){}));
+    REQUIRE(conn.subscribe("dev-1"));
+    REQUIRE(conn.send_request("dev-1", R"({"pushing":{"command":"pushall","sequence_id":"20001"}})"));
+
+    broker.push_report("dev-1", R"({"print":{"command":"push_status","sequence_id":"20001","result":"success"}})");
+    std::string id, payload;
+    {
+        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(got_mutex);
+        REQUIRE(got_cv.wait_for(l, std::chrono::seconds(3), [&]{ return got_any; }));
+        id = got_id; payload = got_payload;
+    }
+    CHECK(id == "dev-1");
+    CHECK(payload.find("push_status") != std::string::npos);
+
+    // the client's command reached the broker on the request topic. The mock records
+    // the PUBLISH on its own read-loop thread, so poll rather than check immediately.
+    std::vector<std::string> reqs;
+    for (int i = 0; i < 200; ++i) {
+        reqs = broker.received_requests();
+        if (!reqs.empty()) break;
+        std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
+    }
+    REQUIRE(reqs.size() >= 1);
+    CHECK(reqs.front().find("pushall") != std::string::npos);
+    conn.stop();
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("OrcaMqtt round-trip — LAN-style config",   "[OrcaMqtt][.integration]") { run_round_trip(false); }
+TEST_CASE("OrcaMqtt round-trip — cloud-style config", "[OrcaMqtt][.integration]") { run_round_trip(true);  }
+
+TEST_CASE("OrcaMqtt keepalive runs while the connection is idle", "[OrcaMqtt][.integration]") {
+    orca_mqtt_test::MockBroker broker;
+    OrcaMqttConnection conn;
+    OrcaMqttConnection::Config cfg;
+    cfg.url = broker.ws_url();
+    cfg.keepalive_seconds = 2;
+
+    REQUIRE(conn.start(cfg, [](const std::string&, const std::string&) {}, [](bool, bool) {}));
+    for (int i = 0; i < 200 && broker.ping_count() == 0; ++i)
+        std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
+    CHECK(broker.ping_count() > 0);
+    conn.stop();
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("OrcaMqtt reconnects and re-subscribes after a socket drop", "[OrcaMqtt][.integration]") {
+    orca_mqtt_test::MockBroker broker;
+    OrcaMqttConnection conn;
+    OrcaMqttConnection::Config cfg; cfg.url = broker.ws_url(); cfg.use_tls = false; cfg.username = "u"; cfg.password = "p";
+
+    std::mutex m; std::vector<std::string> got;
+    REQUIRE(conn.start(cfg,
+        [&](const std::string&, const std::string& p){ std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(m); got.push_back(p); },
+        [](bool,bool){}));
+    REQUIRE(conn.subscribe("dev-1"));
+
+    broker.drop_client();
+    // the worker reconnects with ~1s backoff
+    for (int i = 0; i < 300 && broker.connect_count() < 2; ++i)
+        std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(20));
+    CHECK(broker.connect_count() >= 2);
+
+    // a report after the reconnect must still be delivered -> the SUBSCRIBE was re-sent
+    broker.push_report("dev-1", R"({"print":{"command":"push_status","sequence_id":"20002"}})");
+    bool delivered = false;
+    for (int i = 0; i < 200 && !delivered; ++i) {
+        { std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(m); delivered = !got.empty(); }
+        std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
+    }
+    CHECK(delivered);
+    conn.stop();
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("OrcaMqtt auth rejection is terminal (no retry storm)", "[OrcaMqtt][.integration]") {
+    orca_mqtt_test::MockBroker broker(/*refuse_auth=*/true);
+    OrcaMqttConnection conn;
+    OrcaMqttConnection::Config cfg; cfg.url = broker.ws_url(); cfg.use_tls = false; cfg.username = "u"; cfg.password = "bad";
+
+    const bool ok = conn.start(cfg, [](const std::string&, const std::string&){}, [](bool,bool){});
+    CHECK_FALSE(ok);
+    CHECK(conn.last_connack_rc() == 5);
+    // worker must have stopped itself (rc 5 is terminal) — give it a moment
+    for (int i = 0; i < 100 && conn.is_running(); ++i)
+        std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
+    CHECK_FALSE(conn.is_running());
+    // and it must NOT have hammered the broker with retries
+    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(200));
+    CHECK(broker.connect_count() <= 2);
+    conn.stop();
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+#include <catch2/catch_test_macros.hpp>
+#include <slic3r/Utils/IPrinterAgent.hpp>
+#include <slic3r/Utils/OrcaCloudServiceAgent.hpp>
+#include <slic3r/Utils/OrcaPrinterAgent.hpp>
+
+#include "orca_mqtt_mock_broker.hpp"
+
+#include <chrono>
+#include <functional>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <thread>
+#include <vector>
+
+using Slic3r::OrcaPrinterAgent;
+
+namespace {
+// Probe exposes the protected internals the tests drive.
+struct Probe : OrcaPrinterAgent {
+    using OrcaPrinterAgent::OrcaPrinterAgent;
+    using OrcaPrinterAgent::deliver_to_sink;
+    using OrcaPrinterAgent::parse_lan_endpoint;
+    using OrcaPrinterAgent::make_lan_client_id;
+    using OrcaPrinterAgent::lan_connection_target;
+};
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("OrcaPrinterAgent forwards a status payload to on_message_fn", "[OrcaPrinterAgent]") {
+    Probe agent("/tmp");
+    std::string got_id, got_payload;
+    agent.set_on_message_fn([&](std::string id, std::string p){ got_id = std::move(id); got_payload = std::move(p); });
+    agent.deliver_to_sink("dev-1", R"({"print":{"command":"push_status"}})", /*local=*/false);
+    CHECK(got_id == "dev-1");
+    CHECK(got_payload.find("push_status") != std::string::npos);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("OrcaPrinterAgent stamps the get_capabilities nozzle diameter onto push_status frames", "[OrcaPrinterAgent]") {
+    Probe agent("/tmp");
+    std::string last_payload;
+    agent.set_on_message_fn([&](std::string, std::string p){ last_payload = std::move(p); });
+
+    // Before any capabilities reply, a push_status frame is forwarded untouched.
+    agent.deliver_to_sink("dev-1", R"({"print":{"command":"push_status","mc_percent":10}})", /*local=*/false);
+    CHECK(last_payload.find("nozzle_diameter") == std::string::npos);
+
+    // The get_capabilities reply is forwarded verbatim; its topology nozzle diameter
+    // is cached for the device.
+    agent.deliver_to_sink(
+        "dev-1",
+        R"({"info":{"command":"get_capabilities","capabilities":{"topology":{"tools":[{"id":"T0","nozzle":{"diameter_mm":0.4}}]}}}})",
+        /*local=*/false);
+    CHECK(last_payload.find("\"command\":\"get_capabilities\"") != std::string::npos);
+    CHECK(last_payload.find("\"print\"") == std::string::npos);
+
+    // Later push_status frames for that device get the cached diameter plus a neutral
+    // nozzle_type, so MachineObject::parse_json's legacy nozzle parser can run.
+    agent.deliver_to_sink("dev-1", R"({"print":{"command":"push_status","mc_percent":20}})", /*local=*/false);
+    CHECK(last_payload.find("\"nozzle_diameter\":0.4") != std::string::npos);
+    CHECK(last_payload.find("\"nozzle_type\":\"N/A\"") != std::string::npos);
+
+    // A different device is unaffected.
+    agent.deliver_to_sink("dev-2", R"({"print":{"command":"push_status"}})", /*local=*/false);
+    CHECK(last_payload.find("nozzle_diameter") == std::string::npos);
+
+    // A frame that already carries real nozzle data is not overridden.
+    agent.deliver_to_sink("dev-1", R"({"print":{"command":"push_status","nozzle_diameter":0.6}})", /*local=*/false);
+    CHECK(last_payload.find("\"nozzle_diameter\":0.6") != std::string::npos);
+    CHECK(last_payload.find("N/A") == std::string::npos);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("OrcaPrinterAgent::parse_lan_endpoint", "[OrcaPrinterAgent]") {
+    std::string h, p;
+    REQUIRE(Probe::parse_lan_endpoint("192.168.1.9", h, p));
+    CHECK(h == "192.168.1.9"); CHECK(p == "8280");
+    REQUIRE(Probe::parse_lan_endpoint("http://host.local:9000/x", h, p));
+    CHECK(h == "host.local"); CHECK(p == "9000");
+    CHECK_FALSE(Probe::parse_lan_endpoint("", h, p));
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("OrcaPrinterAgent::make_lan_client_id is stable and prefixed", "[OrcaPrinterAgent]") {
+    const auto a = Probe::make_lan_client_id("dev-1");
+    const auto b = Probe::make_lan_client_id("dev-1");
+    CHECK(a == b);                                   // drawn once per process
+    CHECK(a.rfind("orcaslicer-lan-dev-1-", 0) == 0);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("connect_printer wires up a LAN Config", "[OrcaPrinterAgent][.integration]") {
+    Probe agent("/tmp");
+    Slic3r::PrinterConnectionParams params{
+        "dev-1", "10.255.255.1", "orcasonar", "code", "", false, ""
+    };
+    const int rc = agent.connect_printer(params);
+    CHECK(rc == BAMBU_NETWORK_SUCCESS);
+    CHECK(agent.lan_connection_target() == "ws://10.255.255.1:8280/mqtt");
+    CHECK(agent.get_user_selected_machine().empty());   // LAN path must not touch the cloud selection
+    agent.disconnect_printer();
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("post-connect sequence is subscribe then 4 requests in order", "[OrcaPrinterAgent]") {
+    struct SeqProbe : OrcaPrinterAgent {
+        using OrcaPrinterAgent::OrcaPrinterAgent;
+        std::vector<std::string> calls;
+        void emit_connect_sequence(const std::string& dev_id,
+            std::function<void(const std::string&)> /*sub*/,
+            std::function<void(const std::string&)> /*req*/) override {
+            OrcaPrinterAgent::emit_connect_sequence(dev_id,
+                [&](const std::string& id){ calls.push_back("sub:" + id); },
+                [&](const std::string& body){ calls.push_back(body); });
+        }
+    } probe("/tmp");
+    probe.run_connect_sequence_for_test("dev-1");
+    REQUIRE(probe.calls.size() == 5);
+    CHECK(probe.calls[0] == "sub:dev-1");
+    CHECK(probe.calls[1].find("\"pushing\"") != std::string::npos);
+    CHECK(probe.calls[1].find("\"start\"")   != std::string::npos);
+    CHECK(probe.calls[2].find("pushall")     != std::string::npos);
+    CHECK(probe.calls[3].find("get_version") != std::string::npos);
+    CHECK(probe.calls[4].find("get_capabilities") != std::string::npos);
+    for (auto& c : probe.calls)
+        if (auto pos = c.find("sequence_id"); pos != std::string::npos)
+            CHECK(c.substr(pos).find("\"2") != std::string::npos);
+}
+
+// Hidden: spawns the connect worker and attempts a real (failing) connect.
+TEST_CASE("selecting a cloud printer configures the fleet socket", "[OrcaPrinterAgent][.integration]") {
+    auto cloud = std::make_shared<Slic3r::OrcaCloudServiceAgent>("/tmp");
+    cloud->set_api_base_url("api.example.com");
+    OrcaPrinterAgent agent("/tmp");
+    agent.set_cloud_agent(cloud);
+
+    agent.set_user_selected_machine("printer-uuid-1");
+    // The configure runs on the connect worker; poll rather than racing it.
+    std::string url;
+    for (int i = 0; i < 300; ++i) {
+        url = cloud->selected_printer_mqtt_url();
+        if (!url.empty()) break;
+        std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
+    }
+    CHECK(url == "wss://api.example.com/api/v1/printers/mqtt");
+
+    agent.set_user_selected_machine("");     // selection changes do not tear down the fleet socket
+    CHECK(cloud->selected_printer_mqtt_url() == "wss://api.example.com/api/v1/printers/mqtt");
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("a stale-generation inbound message is dropped", "[OrcaPrinterAgent]") {
+    struct GenProbe : OrcaPrinterAgent {
+        using OrcaPrinterAgent::OrcaPrinterAgent;
+        using OrcaPrinterAgent::make_lan_message_handler;   // expose for the test
+    };
+    GenProbe agent("/tmp");
+    int hits = 0;
+    agent.set_on_message_fn([&](std::string, std::string){ ++hits; });
+    auto handler_gen1 = agent.make_lan_message_handler(/*generation=*/1);
+    // m_lan_generation starts at 0; two bumps -> 2, so the epoch-1 handler is stale.
+    agent.bump_lan_generation_for_test();
+    agent.bump_lan_generation_for_test();
+    handler_gen1("dev-1", "{}");                            // late callback from gen 1
+    CHECK(hits == 0);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("connect_server does not start an MQTT socket", "[OrcaCloud]") {
+    auto cloud = std::make_shared<Slic3r::OrcaCloudServiceAgent>("/tmp");
+    cloud->set_api_base_url("127.0.0.1:1");     // no session -> connect_server short-circuits before any probe
+    cloud->connect_server();
+    REQUIRE(cloud->get_mqtt_connection() != nullptr);       // created in the ctor
+    CHECK_FALSE(cloud->get_mqtt_connection()->is_running()); // never started
+    CHECK(cloud->selected_printer_mqtt_url().empty());
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("send_message* reject when there is no connection", "[OrcaPrinterAgent]") {
+    OrcaPrinterAgent agent("/tmp");   // no cloud agent, no LAN connection
+    CHECK(agent.send_message("d", "{}", 0, 0)            == BAMBU_NETWORK_ERR_INVALID_HANDLE);
+    CHECK(agent.send_message_to_printer("d", "{}", 0, 0) == BAMBU_NETWORK_ERR_INVALID_HANDLE);
+    CHECK(agent.send_message("", "{}", 0, 0)             == BAMBU_NETWORK_ERR_INVALID_HANDLE);   // empty dev_id
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("send_message_to_printer publishes on the LAN connection", "[OrcaPrinterAgent][.integration]") {
+    orca_mqtt_test::MockBroker broker;
+    OrcaPrinterAgent agent("/tmp");
+    const auto ep = broker.host_port();
+    agent.connect_printer(Slic3r::PrinterConnectionParams{"dev-1", ep.first + ":" + ep.second, "orcasonar", "code", "", false, ""});
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < 150 && broker.connect_count() == 0; ++i)
+        std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(20));
+    REQUIRE(broker.connect_count() >= 1);
+
+    CHECK(agent.send_message_to_printer("dev-1", R"({"print":{"command":"pause","sequence_id":"20007"}})", 0, 0)
+          == BAMBU_NETWORK_SUCCESS);
+
+    // on_connected also publishes 4 requests; poll until "pause" specifically shows up.
+    bool saw_pause = false;
+    for (int i = 0; i < 150 && !saw_pause; ++i) {
+        for (const auto& r : broker.received_requests())
+            if (r.find("pause") != std::string::npos) { saw_pause = true; break; }
+        std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(20));
+    }
+    CHECK(saw_pause);
+    agent.disconnect_printer();
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("destroying an agent mid-connect does not hang or crash", "[OrcaPrinterAgent]") {
+    for (int i = 0; i < 20; ++i) {
+        auto agent = std::make_unique<OrcaPrinterAgent>("/tmp");
+        agent->connect_printer(Slic3r::PrinterConnectionParams{"dev-1", "127.0.0.1:1", "orcasonar", "code", "", false, ""});  // nothing listening: instant ECONNREFUSED
+        agent.reset();   // ~OrcaPrinterAgent must stop the conn, join the thread, and not hang/crash
+    }
+    SUCCEED();
+}
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 #include <catch2/catch_all.hpp>

-#include <memory>
 #include "slic3r/Utils/ICloudServiceAgent.hpp"
 #include "slic3r/Utils/IPrinterAgent.hpp"
+#include <slic3r/Utils/BBLPrinterAgent.hpp>
+#include <slic3r/Utils/MoonrakerPrinterAgent.hpp>
 #include <slic3r/Utils/NetworkAgentFactory.hpp>
 #include <slic3r/plugin/PythonPluginBridge.hpp>

@@ -14,11 +15,156 @@
 #include <pybind11/embed.h>
 #include <pybind11/pybind11.h>

+#include <atomic>
+#include <chrono>
+#include <future>
+#include <memory>
 #include <string>
+#include <thread>

 using namespace Slic3r;
 namespace py = pybind11;

+class MoonrakerParserProbe : public MoonrakerPrinterAgent
+{
+public:
+    using MoonrakerPrinterAgent::parse_nozzle_diameter;
+
+    explicit MoonrakerParserProbe(std::string log_dir) : MoonrakerPrinterAgent(std::move(log_dir)) {}
+};
+
+TEST_CASE("Moonraker parses nozzle diameter from configfile settings", "[unit][moonraker]")
+{
+    const auto response = nlohmann::json::parse(R"({
+        "result": {
+            "status": {
+                "configfile": {
+                    "settings": {
+                        "extruder": {
+                            "nozzle_diameter": 0.6
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    })");
+
+    CHECK(MoonrakerParserProbe::parse_nozzle_diameter(response) == Catch::Approx(0.6f));
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("Moonraker parses nozzle diameter from raw config and tolerates missing data", "[unit][moonraker]")
+{
+    const auto raw_config_response = nlohmann::json::parse(R"({
+        "result": {
+            "status": {
+                "configfile": {
+                    "config": {
+                        "extruder": {
+                            "nozzle_diameter": "0.8"
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    })");
+    const auto missing_response = nlohmann::json::object();
+
+    CHECK(MoonrakerParserProbe::parse_nozzle_diameter(raw_config_response) == Catch::Approx(0.8f));
+    CHECK(MoonrakerParserProbe::parse_nozzle_diameter(missing_response) == 0.0f);
+}
+
+// why: an agent without a Bambu-dialect translation must refuse these commands before any network or wx path.
+TEST_CASE("unit: default AMS commands report not supported", "[unit][moonraker]")
+{
+    MoonrakerPrinterAgent agent("");
+
+    CHECK(agent.command_ams_refresh_rfid("dev", 123, 1, 0, false) == ORCA_NETWORK_ERR_CMD_NOT_SUPPORTED);
+    CHECK(agent.command_ams_calibrate("dev", 1, 2, false) == ORCA_NETWORK_ERR_CMD_NOT_SUPPORTED);
+    CHECK(agent.command_ams_select_tray("dev", "123", 3, false) == ORCA_NETWORK_ERR_CMD_NOT_SUPPORTED);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("unit: Moonraker light name matching", "[unit][moonraker]")
+{
+    CHECK(moonraker_is_light_name("caselight"));
+    CHECK(moonraker_is_light_name("LED_STRIP"));
+    CHECK_FALSE(moonraker_is_light_name("beeper"));
+    CHECK(moonraker_is_light_name("FLASHLIGHT_SWITCH"));
+    CHECK(moonraker_is_light_name("MODLELIGHT_SWITCH"));
+}
+
+// ===========================================================================
+// UNIT - handle_request's not-supported default.
+// The agent is the only thing that knows what it can translate, so an untranslated
+// command has to say so instead of returning success and letting the UI believe the
+// control worked. Guards the inverse too: the pushing namespace is genuinely
+// satisfied by the websocket status stream, and it re-fires from the keepalive timer
+// roughly once a second, so it must stay a success or it would raise a dialog on a
+// timer. Only branches that touch neither the network nor wx are exercised.
+// ===========================================================================
+TEST_CASE("unit: Moonraker reports untranslated commands as not supported", "[unit][moonraker]")
+{
+    MoonrakerPrinterAgent agent("");
+
+    CHECK(agent.send_message("dev", R"({"print":{"command":"ams_change_filament"}})", 0, 0) ==
+          ORCA_NETWORK_ERR_CMD_NOT_SUPPORTED);
+    CHECK(agent.send_message("dev", R"({"system":{"command":"set_door_stat"}})", 0, 0) ==
+          ORCA_NETWORK_ERR_CMD_NOT_SUPPORTED);
+    CHECK(agent.send_message("dev", R"({"xcam":{"command":"xcam_control_set"}})", 0, 0) ==
+          ORCA_NETWORK_ERR_CMD_NOT_SUPPORTED);
+
+    CHECK(agent.send_message("dev", R"({"pushing":{"command":"pushall"}})", 0, 0) == BAMBU_NETWORK_SUCCESS);
+    CHECK(agent.send_message("dev", R"({"pushing":{"command":"start"}})", 0, 0) == BAMBU_NETWORK_SUCCESS);
+
+    // why: malformed input is a different failure than an untranslated command, and the
+    // default must not swallow it into a misleading not-supported verdict.
+    CHECK(agent.send_message("dev", "{not json", 0, 0) == BAMBU_NETWORK_ERR_INVALID_RESULT);
+}
+
+// why: IPrinterAgent::fetch_filament_info is the single virtual hook derived agents override
+// (MoonrakerPrinterAgent's own override is synchronous, but QidiPrinterAgent's override is
+// fire-and-forget: it spawns a detached thread and returns immediately). QidiPrinterAgent is
+// `final`, so this probes the same contract with a controllable double instead.
+TEST_CASE("unit: a fire-and-forget override of fetch_filament_info is not waited on by the caller",
+          "[unit][moonraker]")
+{
+    class RecordingAgent : public Slic3r::MoonrakerPrinterAgent
+    {
+    public:
+        explicit RecordingAgent(std::string log_dir) : MoonrakerPrinterAgent(std::move(log_dir)) {}
+
+        std::atomic<bool>  invoked{false};
+        std::promise<void> release_gate;
+        std::promise<void> done_promise;
+
+        bool fetch_filament_info(std::string /*dev_id*/, FilamentSyncMode /*sync_mode*/ = FilamentSyncMode::pull) override
+        {
+            std::thread([this]() {
+                invoked.store(true);
+                // Block here until the test explicitly releases us, proving the caller
+                // (fetch_filament_info) does not wait for this to run.
+                release_gate.get_future().wait();
+                done_promise.set_value();
+            }).detach();
+            return true;
+        }
+    };
+
+    auto agent = std::make_shared<RecordingAgent>(std::string{});
+    auto done_future = agent->done_promise.get_future();
+
+    bool immediate_result = agent->fetch_filament_info("test-dev");
+
+    // fetch_filament_info must return before its background work completes — prove
+    // it by confirming the background call is still blocked on the gate right now.
+    REQUIRE(immediate_result == true);
+    REQUIRE(done_future.wait_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(100)) == std::future_status::timeout);
+
+    // Now let the background call finish and confirm it actually ran (polymorphic dispatch).
+    agent->release_gate.set_value();
+    REQUIRE(done_future.wait_for(std::chrono::seconds(2)) == std::future_status::ready);
+    REQUIRE(agent->invoked.load() == true);
+}
+
 // ===========================================================================
 // UNIT - printer-agent registry duplicate handling.
 // Confirms a duplicate agent id is rejected so a plugin cannot shadow a built-in
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+#include <catch2/catch_all.hpp>
+
+#include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
+
+#include <slic3r/Utils/QidiPrinterAgent.hpp>
+
+#include <string>
+
+using namespace Slic3r;
+
+TEST_CASE("Qidi slot response rejects null variables without throwing", "[QidiPrinterAgent]")
+{
+    const std::string response = R"({
+        "result": {
+            "status": {
+                "save_variables": {
+                    "variables": null
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    })";
+    nlohmann::json status;
+    nlohmann::json variables;
+    std::string    error;
+    bool           parsed = true;
+
+    REQUIRE_NOTHROW(parsed = QidiPrinterAgent::parse_slot_response(response, status, variables, error));
+    CHECK_FALSE(parsed);
+    CHECK_THAT(error, Catch::Matchers::ContainsSubstring("variables"));
+    CHECK_THAT(error, Catch::Matchers::ContainsSubstring("object"));
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("Qidi slot response rejects missing and non-object fields without throwing", "[QidiPrinterAgent]")
+{
+    std::string response;
+
+    SECTION("missing result")
+    {
+        response = R"({})";
+    }
+
+    SECTION("non-object result")
+    {
+        response = R"({"result":null})";
+    }
+
+    SECTION("missing status")
+    {
+        response = R"({"result":{}})";
+    }
+
+    SECTION("non-object status")
+    {
+        response = R"({"result":{"status":null}})";
+    }
+
+    SECTION("missing save_variables")
+    {
+        response = R"({"result":{"status":{}}})";
+    }
+
+    SECTION("non-object save_variables")
+    {
+        response = R"({"result":{"status":{"save_variables":null}}})";
+    }
+
+    SECTION("missing variables")
+    {
+        response = R"({"result":{"status":{"save_variables":{}}}})";
+    }
+
+    SECTION("scalar")
+    {
+        response = R"({"result":{"status":{"save_variables":{"variables":42}}}})";
+    }
+
+    SECTION("array")
+    {
+        response = R"({"result":{"status":{"save_variables":{"variables":[]}}}})";
+    }
+
+    nlohmann::json status;
+    nlohmann::json variables;
+    std::string    error;
+    bool           parsed = true;
+
+    REQUIRE_NOTHROW(parsed = QidiPrinterAgent::parse_slot_response(response, status, variables, error));
+    CHECK_FALSE(parsed);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("Qidi slot response exposes valid status and variables", "[QidiPrinterAgent]")
+{
+    const std::string response = R"({
+        "result": {
+            "status": {
+                "save_variables": {
+                    "variables": {
+                        "box_count": 2,
+                        "color_slot0": 3
+                    }
+                },
+                "box_stepper slot0": {
+                    "runout_button": 0
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    })";
+    nlohmann::json status;
+    nlohmann::json variables;
+    std::string    error;
+    bool           parsed = false;
+
+    REQUIRE_NOTHROW(parsed = QidiPrinterAgent::parse_slot_response(response, status, variables, error));
+    REQUIRE(parsed);
+    CHECK(status.is_object());
+    CHECK(variables.is_object());
+    CHECK(variables.at("box_count") == 2);
+    CHECK(status.contains("box_stepper slot0"));
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("Qidi slot response rejects invalid JSON", "[QidiPrinterAgent]")
+{
+    nlohmann::json status;
+    nlohmann::json variables;
+    std::string    error;
+    bool           parsed = true;
+
+    REQUIRE_NOTHROW(parsed = QidiPrinterAgent::parse_slot_response("{not json", status, variables, error));
+    CHECK_FALSE(parsed);
+    CHECK(error == "Invalid JSON response");
+}