Speed up 2-opt island ordering on layers with thousands of islands

build_release_macos.sh

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ while getopts ":dpa:snt:xbc:i:j:Tuh" opt; do
     u )
         export BUILD_TARGET="universal"
         ;;
-    h ) echo "Usage: ./build_release_macos.sh [-d] [-- CMAKE_ARGS...]"
+    h ) echo "Usage: ./build_release_macos.sh [-d]"
         echo "   -d: Build deps only"
         echo "   -a: Set ARCHITECTURE (arm64 or x86_64 or universal)"
         echo "   -s: Build slicer only"
@@ -60,33 +60,13 @@ while getopts ":dpa:snt:xbc:i:j:Tuh" opt; do
         echo "   -i: Add a prefix to ignore during CMake dependency discovery (repeatable), defaults to /opt/local:/usr/local:/opt/homebrew"
         echo "   -j: Set the number of parallel build jobs (CMAKE_BUILD_PARALLEL_LEVEL)"
         echo "   -T: Build and run tests (set ORCA_TESTS_BUILD_ONLY=1 to build without running)"
-        echo "   -- CMAKE_ARGS...: pass everything after '--' to the cmake configure step of the deps (-d) and slicer (-s) builds,"
-        echo "       e.g. -DDESTDIR=<dir> for the deps, -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=<dir>/usr/local -DSLIC3R_PCH=OFF for the slicer, --fresh."
-        echo "       They come last on the cmake command line. Use absolute paths: cmake runs in the build directory."
         exit 0
         ;;
-    : )
-        echo "Option -${OPTARG} requires an argument, aborting."
-        exit 1
-        ;;
     * )
-        echo "Unknown option -${OPTARG}, aborting. CMake arguments must follow '--'."
-        exit 1
         ;;
   esac
 done
 
-# getopts stops at '--'; whatever follows is handed to cmake unchanged.
-if [[ ${OPTIND} -le $# ]] ; then
-    separator_index=$((OPTIND-1))
-    if [[ "${!separator_index}" != "--" ]] ; then
-        echo "Unexpected argument '${!OPTIND}': cmake arguments must follow '--', aborting."
-        exit 1
-    fi
-fi
-shift $((OPTIND-1))
-EXTRA_CMAKE_ARGS=("$@")
-
 # Set defaults
 
 if [ -z "$ARCH" ]; then
@@ -231,8 +211,7 @@ function build_deps() {
                         -DCMAKE_OSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET="${OSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET}" \
                         -DCMAKE_IGNORE_PREFIX_PATH="${CMAKE_IGNORE_PREFIX_PATH}" \
                         "${CMAKE_CCACHE_ARGS[@]}" \
-                        ${CMAKE_POLICY_COMPAT} \
-                        "${EXTRA_CMAKE_ARGS[@]}"
+                        ${CMAKE_POLICY_COMPAT}
                 fi
                 cmake --build . --config "$BUILD_CONFIG" --target deps
             )
@@ -335,8 +314,7 @@ function build_slicer() {
                     -DCMAKE_OSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET="${OSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET}" \
                     -DCMAKE_IGNORE_PREFIX_PATH="${CMAKE_IGNORE_PREFIX_PATH}" \
                     "${CMAKE_CCACHE_ARGS[@]}" \
-                    ${CMAKE_POLICY_COMPAT} \
-                    "${EXTRA_CMAKE_ARGS[@]}"
+                    ${CMAKE_POLICY_COMPAT}
             fi
             cmake --build . --config "$BUILD_CONFIG" --target "$SLICER_BUILD_TARGET"
         )

src/libslic3r/Config.hpp

@@ -377,8 +377,7 @@ public:
     virtual void set(const ConfigOption* rhs, size_t start, size_t len)                                                     = 0;
     virtual void set_with_restore(const ConfigOptionVectorBase* rhs, std::vector<int>& restore_index, int stride)           = 0;
     virtual void set_with_restore_2(const ConfigOptionVectorBase* rhs, std::vector<int>& restore_index, int start, int len, bool skip_error = false) = 0;
-    // keep_nil: copy a nil column from rhs as well, for options whose nil means "disabled" rather than "inherit".
-    virtual void set_only_diff(const ConfigOptionVectorBase* rhs, std::vector<int>& diff_index, int stride, bool keep_nil = false) = 0;
+    virtual void set_only_diff(const ConfigOptionVectorBase* rhs, std::vector<int>& diff_index, int stride)                 = 0;
     virtual void set_to_index(const ConfigOptionVectorBase* rhs, std::vector<int>& dest_index, int stride) = 0;
     virtual void set_with_nil(const ConfigOptionVectorBase* rhs, const ConfigOptionVectorBase* inherits, int stride)        = 0;
     // Resize the vector of values, copy the newly added values from opt_default if provided.
@@ -581,7 +580,7 @@ public:
     //set a item related with extruder variants when loading user config, only set the different value of some extruder
     //rhs: item from user config
     //diff_index: which index in this vector need to be set
-    virtual void set_only_diff(const ConfigOptionVectorBase* rhs, std::vector<int>& diff_index, int stride, bool keep_nil) override
+    virtual void set_only_diff(const ConfigOptionVectorBase* rhs, std::vector<int>& diff_index, int stride) override
     {
         if (rhs->type() == this->type()) {
             // Assign the first value of the rhs vector.
@@ -593,7 +592,7 @@ public:
             for (size_t i = 0; i < diff_index.size(); i++) {
                 if (diff_index[i] != -1) {
                     for (size_t j = 0; j < stride; j++) {
-                        if (keep_nil || !other->is_nil(diff_index[i] * stride))
+                        if (!other->is_nil(diff_index[i] * stride))
                             this->values[i * stride + j] = other->values[diff_index[i] * stride + j];
                     }
                 }
@@ -842,12 +841,8 @@ public:
     {
         UNUSED(append);
         std::istringstream iss(str);
-        double value;
-        iss >> value;
-        if (iss.fail())
-            return false;
-        this->value = value;
-        return true;
+        iss >> this->value;
+        return !iss.fail();
     }
 
     bool operator==(const ConfigOption &rhs) const override
@@ -1038,12 +1033,8 @@ public:
     {
         UNUSED(append);
         std::istringstream iss(str);
-        int value;
-        iss >> value;
-        if (iss.fail())
-            return false;
-        this->value = value;
-        return true;
+        iss >> this->value;
+        return !iss.fail();
     }
 
     ConfigOptionInt& operator=(const ConfigOption *opt)
@@ -1261,12 +1252,8 @@ public:
         UNUSED(append);
         // don't try to parse the trailing % since it's optional
         std::istringstream iss(str);
-        double value;
-        iss >> value;
-        if (iss.fail())
-            return false;
-        this->value = value;
-        return true;
+        iss >> this->value;
+        return !iss.fail();
     }
 
 private:
@@ -1378,14 +1365,10 @@ public:
     bool deserialize(const std::string &str, bool append = false) override
     {
         UNUSED(append);
-        std::istringstream iss(str);
-        double value;
-        iss >> value;
-        if (iss.fail())
-            return false;
-        this->value   = value;
         this->percent = str.find_first_of("%") != std::string::npos;
-        return true;
+        std::istringstream iss(str);
+        iss >> this->value;
+        return !iss.fail();
     }
 
 private:
@@ -1555,12 +1538,8 @@ public:
     {
         UNUSED(append);
         char dummy;
-        Vec2d value;
-        if (sscanf(str.data(), " %lf , %lf %c", &value(0), &value(1), &dummy) != 2 &&
-            sscanf(str.data(), " %lf x %lf %c", &value(0), &value(1), &dummy) != 2)
-            return false;
-        this->value = value;
-        return true;
+        return sscanf(str.data(), " %lf , %lf %c", &this->value(0), &this->value(1), &dummy) == 2 ||
+               sscanf(str.data(), " %lf x %lf %c", &this->value(0), &this->value(1), &dummy) == 2;
     }
 
 private:
@@ -1679,12 +1658,8 @@ public:
     {
         UNUSED(append);
         char dummy;
-        Vec3d value;
-        if (sscanf(str.data(), " %lf , %lf , %lf %c", &value(0), &value(1), &value(2), &dummy) != 3 &&
-            sscanf(str.data(), " %lf x %lf x %lf %c", &value(0), &value(1), &value(2), &dummy) != 3)
-            return false;
-        this->value = value;
-        return true;
+        return sscanf(str.data(), " %lf , %lf , %lf %c", &this->value(0), &this->value(1), &this->value(2), &dummy) == 3 ||
+               sscanf(str.data(), " %lf x %lf x %lf %c", &this->value(0), &this->value(1), &this->value(2), &dummy) == 3;
     }
 
 private:

src/libslic3r/GCode/OrderingStrategies.cpp

@@ -4,8 +4,10 @@
 #include "OrderingStrategies.hpp"
 #include "../Geometry.hpp"
 #include "../ShortestPath.hpp"
+#include "libslic3r/KDTreeIndirect.hpp"
 #include "libslic3r/Point.hpp"
 #include "libslic3r/PrintConfig.hpp"
+#include "libslic3r/libslic3r.h"
 
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <cassert>
@@ -53,47 +55,78 @@ bool tsp_2opt_improve(std::vector<size_t>& path, const Points& centers, int max_
     };
     std::vector<double> elsq = recompute_edges_sq();
 
+    // Reversing path[i+1..j] replaces edges (a, b) = (path[i], path[i+1]) and (c, d) = (path[j], path[j+1]) with
+    // (a, c) and (b, d). That can only shorten the cycle if a new edge is shorter than the old one it pairs with:
+    // |ac| < |ab| or |bd| < |cd|. Rather than test every pair, each pass finds those pairs with radius queries
+    // around a and d, which keeps a pass near linear on tours of thousands of nodes. It still applies the move a
+    // full scan would: the largest gain, and the lowest (i, j) among equal gains.
+    auto coordinate_fn = [&centers](size_t idx, size_t dimension) -> double { return double(centers[idx](dimension)); };
+    KDTreeIndirect<2, double, decltype(coordinate_fn)> kdtree(coordinate_fn, path);
+    // Position of each node in the path.
+    std::vector<size_t> pos(centers.size());
+    for (size_t k = 0; k < pn; ++k)
+        pos[path[k]] = k;
+
+    // Calls fn(node) for the nodes of the tour within sqrt(radius_sq) of center. The search radius is padded so that
+    // rounding cannot leave out a node the gain test accepts; that test makes the exact cut.
+    auto visit_within = [&](const Vec2d& center, double radius_sq, auto&& fn) {
+        const double search_sq = radius_sq * (1. + 1e-9) + 1.;
+        auto visitor = [&](size_t idx, size_t dimension) {
+            if ((centers[idx].cast<double>() - center).squaredNorm() < search_sq)
+                fn(idx);
+            return kdtree.descent_mask(center[dimension], search_sq, idx, dimension);
+        };
+        kdtree.visit(visitor);
+    };
+
+    size_t best_i = pn, best_j = pn;
+    double best_gain = 0;
+    auto consider = [&](size_t i, size_t j) {
+        // Skip the swap that would reverse the entire cycle (removes both
+        // edges (0,1) and (pn-1,0), equivalent to traversing the cycle backwards).
+        if (j < i + 2 || (i == 0 && j == pn - 1)) return;
+
+        const Vec2d& pi   = centers[path[i]].cast<double>();
+        const Vec2d& p_in = centers[path[i + 1]].cast<double>();
+        const Vec2d& pj   = centers[path[j]].cast<double>();
+        const Vec2d& p_jn = centers[path[(j + 1) % pn]].cast<double>();
+
+        // Early rejection using squared distances (avoids 2 sqrt calls).
+        double new_a_sq = (pj - pi).squaredNorm();
+        double new_b_sq = (p_jn - p_in).squaredNorm();
+        if (new_a_sq >= elsq[i] && new_b_sq >= elsq[j]) return;
+
+        double new_a = std::sqrt(new_a_sq);
+        double new_b = std::sqrt(new_b_sq);
+        double gain = el[i] + el[j] - new_a - new_b;
+
+        if (gain > best_gain || (gain == best_gain && best_i != pn && std::make_pair(i, j) < std::make_pair(best_i, best_j))) {
+            best_gain = gain;
+            best_i = i; best_j = j;
+        }
+    };
+
     bool improved = false;
     for (int pass = 0; max_passes <= 0 || pass < max_passes; ++pass) {
-        size_t best_i = pn, best_j = pn;
-        double best_gain = 0;
+        best_i = pn; best_j = pn;
+        best_gain = 0;
 
-        for (size_t i = 0; i < pn; ++i) {
-            const Vec2d& pi   = centers[path[i]].cast<double>();
-            const Vec2d& p_in = centers[path[(i + 1) % pn]].cast<double>();
-            double d_i = el[i];
-            double d_i_sq = elsq[i];
-
-            for (size_t j = i + 2; j < pn; ++j) {
-                size_t j_next = (j + 1) % pn;
-                // Skip the swap that would reverse the entire cycle (removes both
-                // edges (0,1) and (pn-1,0), equivalent to traversing the cycle backwards).
-                if (i == 0 && j_next == 0) continue;
-
-                const Vec2d& pj   = centers[path[j]].cast<double>();
-                const Vec2d& p_jn = centers[path[j_next]].cast<double>();
-                double d_j = el[j];
-
-                // Early rejection using squared distances (avoids 2 sqrt calls).
-                double new_a_sq = (pj - pi).squaredNorm();
-                double new_b_sq = (p_jn - p_in).squaredNorm();
-                if (new_a_sq >= d_i_sq && new_b_sq >= elsq[j]) continue;
-
-                double new_a = std::sqrt(new_a_sq);
-                double new_b = std::sqrt(new_b_sq);
-                double gain = d_i + d_j - new_a - new_b;
-
-                if (gain > best_gain) {
-                    best_gain = gain;
-                    best_i = i; best_j = j;
-                }
-            }
-        }
+        // |ac| < |ab|: c lies within the length of the edge leaving a.
+        for (size_t i = 0; i + 2 < pn; ++i)
+            visit_within(centers[path[i]].cast<double>(), elsq[i], [&](size_t c) { consider(i, pos[c]); });
+        // |bd| < |cd|: b lies within the length of the edge entering d.
+        for (size_t j = 2; j < pn; ++j)
+            visit_within(centers[path[(j + 1) % pn]].cast<double>(), elsq[j], [&](size_t b) {
+                if (pos[b] > 0)
+                    consider(pos[b] - 1, j);
+            });
 
         if (best_i == pn) break;
         improved = true;
         // Reverse the best swap segment
         std::reverse(path.begin() + best_i + 1, path.begin() + best_j + 1);
+        for (size_t k = best_i + 1; k <= best_j; ++k)
+            pos[path[k]] = k;
 
         // Recompute edge lengths after reversal
         el = recompute_edges();
@@ -120,9 +153,9 @@ bool tsp_remove_crossings(std::vector<size_t>& path, const Points& centers)
     // TSP helpers (2-opt, closing-edge rotation) that operate on the full cycle.
     size_t n_edges = pn;
 
-    // Scan for first crossing; returns {i, j} or {npos, npos} if none.
-    auto find_crossing = [&]() -> std::pair<size_t, size_t> {
-        for (size_t i = 0; i < n_edges; ++i) {
+    // Scan from edge `from` for the first pair of intersecting edges worth reversing; returns {i, j} or {npos, npos} if none.
+    auto find_crossing = [&](size_t from) -> std::pair<size_t, size_t> {
+        for (size_t i = from; i < n_edges; ++i) {
             const Point& ai = centers[path[i]];
             const Point& bi = centers[path[(i + 1) % pn]];
 
@@ -133,23 +166,40 @@ bool tsp_remove_crossings(std::vector<size_t>& path, const Points& centers)
                 const Point& aj = centers[path[j]];
                 const Point& bj = centers[path[(j + 1) % pn]];
 
-                if (!bboxes_overlap(ai, bi, aj, bj)) continue;
-                if (Geometry::segments_intersect(ai, bi, aj, bj))
+                if (!bboxes_overlap(ai, bi, aj, bj) || !Geometry::segments_intersect(ai, bi, aj, bj))
+                    continue;
+                // The reversal replaces edges (ai, bi) and (aj, bj) with (ai, aj) and (bi, bj). Edges that only touch
+                // or overlap collinearly, as at points sharing a position, may gain nothing from it, and reversing
+                // them would find the same pair again on every scan. A gain within SCALED_EPSILON, which nearly
+                // collinear crossings can have too, is not worth a reversal either.
+                if (ai.distance_to(bi) + aj.distance_to(bj) - ai.distance_to(aj) - bi.distance_to(bj) > SCALED_EPSILON)
                     return {i, j};
             }
         }
         return {std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max(), std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max()};
     };
 
-    // Process crossings one at a time: find first, reverse it, restart scan.
-    // Cap iterations to prevent infinite loops on collinear/overlapping segments.
-    int max_iters = static_cast<int>(pn * pn);
+    // Process crossings one at a time. Reversing path[ci+1..cj] replaces only edges ci and cj; the edges between
+    // them are the same segments traversed backwards. The scan therefore resumes at edge ci rather than at edge 0,
+    // so a pass over the tour costs one quadratic scan however many reversals it makes. Pairs before ci that
+    // involve a replaced edge are new too, so a scan that reaches the end starts over from edge 0, and the loop
+    // ends when a scan from edge 0 finds nothing.
+    // Every reversal shortens the cycle, so no tour repeats and the loop ends; the cap is a safety net.
+    size_t max_reversals = pn * pn;
     bool improved = false;
-    while (max_iters-- > 0) {
-        auto [ci, cj] = find_crossing();
-        if (ci == std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max()) break;
+    for (size_t from = 0;;) {
+        auto [ci, cj] = find_crossing(from);
+        if (ci == std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max()) {
+            if (from == 0)
+                break;
+            from = 0;
+            continue;
+        }
         improved = true;
         std::reverse(path.begin() + ci + 1, path.begin() + cj + 1);
+        if (--max_reversals == 0)
+            break;
+        from = ci;
     }
     return improved;
 }

src/libslic3r/GCode/OrderingStrategies.hpp

@@ -21,12 +21,12 @@ namespace Slic3r {
 
 // --- Path improvement (operate on index vectors into `centers`) ---
 
-// 2-opt improvement: reverses segments that reduce total cycle path length.
-// Returns true if any improvement was made.
+// 2-opt improvement: reverses segments that reduce total cycle path length. Each of up to max_passes passes
+// (unlimited if max_passes <= 0) applies the move that shortens the cycle most. Returns true if any improvement was made.
 bool tsp_2opt_improve(std::vector<size_t>& path, const Points& centers, int max_passes = 10);
 
-// Crossing removal: reverse any segment pair whose edges geometrically cross.
-// Returns true if any crossing was removed.
+// Crossing removal: reverse each pair of intersecting edges whose reversal shortens the cycle by more
+// than SCALED_EPSILON. Returns true if any pair was reversed.
 bool tsp_remove_crossings(std::vector<size_t>& path, const Points& centers);
 
 // The shortest cycle through the points, starting at point 0, by dynamic programming over subsets; for a few points only.

src/libslic3r/Preset.cpp

@@ -797,7 +797,7 @@ bool Preset::save(DynamicPrintConfig* parent_config)
         {
             ConfigOption *opt_src = config.option(option);
             ConfigOption *opt_dst = temp_config.option(option, true);
-            if (opt_dst->is_scalar() || !(opt_dst->nullable()) || is_filament_extruder_override_key(option))
+            if (opt_dst->is_scalar() || !(opt_dst->nullable()))
                 opt_dst->set(opt_src);
             else {
                 ConfigOptionVectorBase* opt_vec_src = static_cast<ConfigOptionVectorBase*>(opt_src);
@@ -2132,7 +2132,7 @@ Preset* PresetCollection::get_preset_differed_for_save(Preset& preset)
         {
             ConfigOption *opt_src = preset.config.option(option);
             ConfigOption *opt_dst = temp_config.option(option, true);
-            if (opt_dst->is_scalar() || !(opt_dst->nullable()) || is_filament_extruder_override_key(option))
+            if (opt_dst->is_scalar() || !(opt_dst->nullable()))
                 opt_dst->set(opt_src);
             else {
                 ConfigOptionVectorBase* opt_vec_src = static_cast<ConfigOptionVectorBase*>(opt_src);
@@ -2199,12 +2199,9 @@ int PresetCollection::get_differed_values_to_update(Preset& preset, std::map<std
         // option's non-nil default (e.g. filament_retract_before_wipe -> 100%), silently
         // resurrecting an override the user turned off. See GitHub issue on Retract Before Wipe.
         if (m_type == Preset::TYPE_FILAMENT) {
-            for (const std::string& opt_key : preset.config.keys()) {
-                if (!is_filament_extruder_override_key(opt_key) || key_values.count(opt_key))
-                    continue; // not an override, or already carried by the diff
-                const ConfigOptionDef *def = print_config_def.get(opt_key);
-                if (def == nullptr || !def->default_value || def->default_value->is_nil())
-                    continue; // the option's default is nil too, so an absent key cannot come back as a value
+            for (const std::string& opt_key : filament_extruder_override_keys) {
+                if (key_values.count(opt_key))
+                    continue; // already carried by the diff
                 const auto* opt_vec = dynamic_cast<const ConfigOptionVectorBase*>(preset.config.option(opt_key));
                 if (opt_vec == nullptr)
                     continue;

src/libslic3r/PrintConfig.cpp

@@ -119,18 +119,12 @@ const std::vector<std::string> filament_extruder_override_keys = {
 };
 
 // Some filament override parameters are generated from filament_extruder_override_keys,
-// while filament_retract_length_nc and the ironing overrides are defined separately.
-// Keep the generator list unchanged and use this helper for behavior checks that need
-// the full override set. A nil in one of these keys means the override is disabled, so
-// child presets store and load it verbatim instead of treating nil as "inherit".
+// while filament_retract_length_nc is defined separately. Keep the generator list
+// unchanged and use this helper for behavior checks that need the full override set.
 bool is_filament_extruder_override_key(const std::string &opt_key)
 {
     return std::find(filament_extruder_override_keys.begin(), filament_extruder_override_keys.end(), opt_key) != filament_extruder_override_keys.end() ||
-           opt_key == "filament_retract_length_nc" ||
-           opt_key == "filament_ironing_flow" ||
-           opt_key == "filament_ironing_spacing" ||
-           opt_key == "filament_ironing_inset" ||
-           opt_key == "filament_ironing_speed";
+           opt_key == "filament_retract_length_nc";
 }
 
 size_t get_extruder_index(const GCodeConfig& config, unsigned int filament_id)
@@ -12278,8 +12272,7 @@ void DynamicPrintConfig::update_diff_values_to_child_config(DynamicPrintConfig&
                     opt_src->set(opt_target);
                 }
                 else
-                    // An override's nil means "disabled" and is the child's value; every other nil column inherits.
-                    opt_vec_src->set_only_diff(opt_vec_dest, variant_index, stride, is_filament_extruder_override_key(opt));
+                    opt_vec_src->set_only_diff(opt_vec_dest, variant_index, stride);
             }
         }
     }

src/slic3r/plugin/PluginAuditManager.cpp

@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
 #include <boost/log/trivial.hpp>
 
 #include <algorithm>
-#include <cassert>
 #include <cctype>
 #include <cstddef>
 #include <cstdlib>
@@ -131,20 +130,6 @@ static AuditEventCategory event_category(const std::string& event_name)
     return it == audit_event_categories.end() ? AuditEventCategory::None : it->second;
 }
 
-// Events the 3.12 stdlib raises with sys.audit() inside the function that performs the whole
-// operation, so the raising frame bounds everything the operation does. Every other mapped event
-// is a primitive raised from C, whose current frame is whatever Python code called it -- possibly
-// a library loop over many targets -- so it never marks an operation. glob.glob and glob.glob/2
-// are raised in iglob(), which returns its lazy generator before any directory is listed.
-static const std::unordered_set<std::string> operation_root_events{
-    "urllib.Request",      "http.client.connect",   "os.walk",          "os.fwalk",
-    "glob.glob",           "glob.glob/2",           "pathlib.Path.glob", "pathlib.Path.rglob",
-    "subprocess.Popen",    "pty.spawn",             "tempfile.mkstemp", "tempfile.mkdtemp",
-    "shutil.copyfile",     "shutil.copymode",       "shutil.copystat",  "shutil.copytree",
-    "shutil.chown",        "shutil.move",           "shutil.rmtree",    "shutil.make_archive",
-    "shutil.unpack_archive",
-};
-
 // True for the categories whose targets are filesystem paths, as opposed to a network
 // address or a process command line -- the deny-path and allowed-root checks only make sense
 // against a path.
@@ -161,24 +146,6 @@ static bool is_fs_category(AuditEventCategory category)
     }
 }
 
-// The category's name in a saved event grant, e.g. "FsRead" in "FsRead:open".
-static const char* category_name(AuditEventCategory category)
-{
-    switch (category) {
-    case AuditEventCategory::FsRead:         return "FsRead";
-    case AuditEventCategory::FsReadWrite:    return "FsReadWrite";
-    case AuditEventCategory::FsCreate:       return "FsCreate";
-    case AuditEventCategory::FsDelete:       return "FsDelete";
-    case AuditEventCategory::Http:           return "Http";
-    case AuditEventCategory::Socket:         return "Socket";
-    case AuditEventCategory::ProcessCreate:  return "ProcessCreate";
-    case AuditEventCategory::ProcessReplace: return "ProcessReplace";
-    case AuditEventCategory::Threading:      return "Threading";
-    case AuditEventCategory::None:           break;
-    }
-    return "None";
-}
-
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Path safety
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -248,50 +215,26 @@ bool is_inside_allowed_root(const boost::filesystem::path& candidate, const boos
 thread_local std::string PluginAuditManager::m_current_plugin_key = "";
 thread_local std::string PluginAuditManager::m_current_capability_name = "";
 thread_local std::vector<AllowedRoot> PluginAuditManager::m_scoped_allowed_roots;
-thread_local std::vector<PyObject*> PluginAuditManager::m_root_frames;
-thread_local int PluginAuditManager::m_releasing_frames = 0;
 thread_local bool PluginAuditManager::m_audit_denial_pending = false;
 thread_local bool PluginAuditManager::m_has_last_violation = false;
 thread_local AuditViolation PluginAuditManager::m_last_violation;
 
 ScopedPluginAuditContext::ScopedPluginAuditContext(const std::string& plugin_key,
                                                    const std::string& capability_name)
-    : m_plugin_key(plugin_key)
-    , m_capability(capability_name)
-    , m_previous_id(PluginAuditManager::instance().current_plugin())
+    : m_previous_id(PluginAuditManager::instance().current_plugin())
     , m_previous_capability(PluginAuditManager::instance().current_capability())
     , m_previous_scoped_roots(PluginAuditManager::m_scoped_allowed_roots)
-    , m_previous_root_frames(std::move(PluginAuditManager::m_root_frames))
 {
     PluginAuditManager::instance().set_current_plugin(plugin_key);
     PluginAuditManager::instance().set_current_capability(capability_name);
     PluginAuditManager::m_scoped_allowed_roots.clear();
-    PluginAuditManager::m_root_frames.clear();
 }
 
 ScopedPluginAuditContext::~ScopedPluginAuditContext()
 {
-    PluginAuditManager& mgr = PluginAuditManager::instance();
-
-    // Let this scope's root frames go while it is still the current context, and as its own
-    // plugin: the trampoline's denial path clears the key before the scope ends, and a finalizer
-    // must never be judged as the outer plugin, or bypass the audit when there is none. A
-    // finalizer may record a new root frame, so repeat until none is held.
-    if (!PluginAuditManager::m_root_frames.empty()) {
-        assert(PyGILState_Check());
-        mgr.set_current_plugin(m_plugin_key);
-        mgr.set_current_capability(m_capability);
-        while (!PluginAuditManager::m_root_frames.empty()) {
-            std::vector<PyObject*> frames = std::move(PluginAuditManager::m_root_frames);
-            PluginAuditManager::m_root_frames.clear();
-            mgr.release_frames(frames);
-        }
-    }
-
-    mgr.set_current_plugin(m_previous_id);
-    mgr.set_current_capability(m_previous_capability);
+    PluginAuditManager::instance().set_current_plugin(m_previous_id);
+    PluginAuditManager::instance().set_current_capability(m_previous_capability);
     PluginAuditManager::m_scoped_allowed_roots = std::move(m_previous_scoped_roots);
-    PluginAuditManager::m_root_frames          = std::move(m_previous_root_frames);
 }
 
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -528,6 +471,81 @@ AuditDecision PluginAuditManager::check_open(const std::string& path_str, const
     return check_path_access(boost::filesystem::path(path_str), is_write);
 }
 
+bool PluginAuditManager::request_filesystem_read_permissions(const std::string&              plugin_key,
+                                                              const std::vector<std::string>& paths)
+{
+    if (plugin_key.empty() || paths.empty())
+        return true;
+
+    PluginDescriptor descriptor;
+    if (!PluginManager::instance().try_get_plugin_descriptor(plugin_key, descriptor) || descriptor.plugin_root.empty())
+        return false;
+
+    PluginInstallState state;
+    read_install_state(boost::filesystem::path(descriptor.plugin_root), state);
+
+    std::vector<std::string> missing;
+    for (const std::string& path : paths) {
+        if (std::find(state.permissions.fs_read.begin(), state.permissions.fs_read.end(), path) == state.permissions.fs_read.end())
+            missing.push_back(path);
+    }
+    if (missing.empty())
+        return true;
+
+    if (wxTheApp == nullptr || GUI::wxGetApp().is_closing())
+        return false;
+
+    auto show_dialog = [&descriptor, &missing]() {
+        wxString requested_paths;
+        for (const std::string& path : missing)
+            requested_paths += wxString::FromUTF8(path.c_str()) + "\n";
+
+        wxMessageDialog dialog(
+            nullptr,
+            wxString::Format(_L("Plugin \"%s\" requests filesystem read access to:\n%s"),
+                             wxString::FromUTF8(descriptor.name.c_str()), requested_paths),
+            _L("Plugin permissions"),
+            wxYES_NO | wxICON_WARNING);
+        return dialog.ShowModal() == wxID_YES;
+    };
+
+    bool granted = false;
+    if (wxIsMainThread()) {
+        granted = show_dialog();
+    } else {
+        auto result = std::make_shared<std::promise<bool>>();
+        auto future = result->get_future();
+        GUI::wxGetApp().CallAfter([result, descriptor_name = descriptor.name, missing]() {
+            wxString requested_paths;
+            for (const std::string& path : missing)
+                requested_paths += wxString::FromUTF8(path.c_str()) + "\n";
+
+            wxMessageDialog dialog(
+                nullptr,
+                wxString::Format(_L("Plugin \"%s\" requests filesystem read access to:\n%s"),
+                                 wxString::FromUTF8(descriptor_name.c_str()), requested_paths),
+                _L("Plugin permissions"),
+                wxYES_NO | wxICON_WARNING);
+            result->set_value(dialog.ShowModal() == wxID_YES);
+        });
+        granted = future.get();
+    }
+
+    if (!granted)
+        return false;
+
+    if (state.plugin_name.empty()) {
+        state.installed_from    = descriptor.is_cloud_plugin() ? "cloud" : "local";
+        state.installed_version = !descriptor.installed_version.empty() ? descriptor.installed_version : descriptor.version;
+        state.plugin_name       = descriptor.name;
+        state.cloud_uuid        = descriptor.cloud_uuid();
+        state.enabled            = true;
+    }
+
+    state.permissions.fs_read.insert(state.permissions.fs_read.end(), missing.begin(), missing.end());
+    return write_install_state(boost::filesystem::path(descriptor.plugin_root), state);
+}
+
 void PluginAuditManager::report_violation(const AuditViolation& violation)
 {
     m_last_violation     = violation;
@@ -557,6 +575,34 @@ bool PluginAuditManager::last_violation(AuditViolation& violation) const
     return true;
 }
 
+bool PluginAuditManager::has_approved_ancestor(const std::string&              plugin_key,
+                                               const std::vector<std::string>& call_site_ids) const
+{
+    if (plugin_key.empty() || call_site_ids.empty())
+        return false;
+
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex);
+    auto it = m_approved_call_sites.find(plugin_key);
+    if (it == m_approved_call_sites.end())
+        return false;
+
+    for (const auto& id : call_site_ids)
+        if (it->second.count(id))
+            return true;
+    return false;
+}
+
+void PluginAuditManager::record_approved_call_sites(const std::string&              plugin_key,
+                                                     const std::vector<std::string>& call_site_ids)
+{
+    if (plugin_key.empty() || call_site_ids.empty())
+        return;
+
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex);
+    auto& approved = m_approved_call_sites[plugin_key];
+    approved.insert(call_site_ids.begin(), call_site_ids.end());
+}
+
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // The C-level audit hook
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -617,88 +663,40 @@ std::string python_str(PyObject* object)
     return result;
 }
 
-// The interpreter's stdlib folders, and the site-packages folders inside them that hold
-// third-party code, both resolved. Set by install_hook(); like the verdict cache below, only
-// touched while the GIL is held.
-static std::vector<boost::filesystem::path>   s_stdlib_dirs;
-static std::vector<boost::filesystem::path>   s_site_package_dirs;
-static std::unordered_map<std::string, bool>  s_stdlib_file_verdicts; // co_filename -> is stdlib
-
-void collect_stdlib_dirs()
+std::vector<std::string> call_site_identities(const std::string& plugin_root)
 {
-    s_stdlib_dirs.clear();
-    s_site_package_dirs.clear();
-    s_stdlib_file_verdicts.clear();
+    std::vector<std::string> ids;
+    if (plugin_root.empty())
+        return ids;
 
-    PyObject* sysconfig = PyImport_ImportModule("sysconfig");
-    PyObject* paths     = sysconfig ? PyObject_CallMethod(sysconfig, "get_paths", nullptr) : nullptr;
-    if (paths && PyDict_Check(paths)) {
-        const auto collect = [paths](const char* key, std::vector<boost::filesystem::path>& out) {
-            const std::string dir = python_unicode(PyDict_GetItemString(paths, key)); // borrowed
-            if (dir.empty())
-                return;
-            boost::system::error_code ec;
-            const boost::filesystem::path resolved = boost::filesystem::weakly_canonical(dir, ec);
-            out.push_back(ec ? boost::filesystem::path(dir) : resolved);
-        };
-        collect("stdlib", s_stdlib_dirs);
-        collect("platstdlib", s_stdlib_dirs);
-        collect("purelib", s_site_package_dirs);
-        collect("platlib", s_site_package_dirs);
-    }
-    Py_XDECREF(paths);
-    Py_XDECREF(sysconfig);
-    if (PyErr_Occurred()) {
-        PyErr_Clear();
-        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(error) << "[AUDIT] Failed to read the stdlib folders from sysconfig";
-    }
-}
-
-bool is_stdlib_frame(PyObject* frame)
-{
-    PyCodeObject* code = PyFrame_GetCode(reinterpret_cast<PyFrameObject*>(frame)); // new reference
-    const std::string filename = python_unicode(code->co_filename);
-    Py_DECREF(code);
-    return PluginAuditManager::is_stdlib_file(filename);
-}
-
-// The frames on this thread's Python stack, innermost first. The pointers stay valid while the
-// caller runs, because a running activation keeps its frame object alive.
-std::vector<PyObject*> stack_frames()
-{
-    std::vector<PyObject*> frames;
     PyFrameObject* frame = PyEval_GetFrame(); // borrowed reference
     Py_XINCREF(frame);                        // normalize to an owned reference for the loop below
+
     while (frame) {
-        frames.push_back(reinterpret_cast<PyObject*>(frame));
+        PyCodeObject* code     = PyFrame_GetCode(frame); // new reference
+        const std::string filename = python_unicode(reinterpret_cast<PyObject*>(code->co_filename));
+        const bool is_plugin_frame = !filename.empty() && boost::algorithm::starts_with(filename, plugin_root);
+
+        std::string id;
+        if (!is_plugin_frame && !filename.empty()) {
+            const std::string funcname = python_unicode(reinterpret_cast<PyObject*>(code->co_name));
+            id = filename + ":" + funcname + ":" + std::to_string(code->co_firstlineno);
+        }
+        Py_DECREF(code);
+
         PyFrameObject* back = PyFrame_GetBack(frame); // new reference, or nullptr at the top of the stack
         Py_DECREF(frame);
         frame = back;
+
+        if (is_plugin_frame)
+            break;
+        if (!id.empty())
+            ids.push_back(std::move(id));
     }
-    return frames;
-}
 
-// Moves the held root frames whose operation has returned from `held` to `dropped`. A suspended
-// generator's frame (os.walk between two items) is off the stack, but its operation resumes, so
-// it stays held until the scope ends.
-void take_returned_frames(std::vector<PyObject*>& held, std::vector<PyObject*>& dropped)
-{
-    if (held.empty())
-        return;
+    Py_XDECREF(frame); // only holds a reference here if the loop exited via break
 
-    const std::vector<PyObject*> stack = stack_frames();
-    const auto running = [&stack](PyObject* frame) {
-        if (std::find(stack.begin(), stack.end(), frame) != stack.end())
-            return true;
-        // NULL once the generator has finished or been deleted: its frame then owns its own data.
-        PyObject* generator = PyFrame_GetGenerator(reinterpret_cast<PyFrameObject*>(frame)); // new reference
-        const bool suspended = generator != nullptr;
-        Py_XDECREF(generator);
-        return suspended;
-    };
-    const auto returned = std::stable_partition(held.begin(), held.end(), running);
-    dropped.insert(dropped.end(), returned, held.end());
-    held.erase(returned, held.end());
+    return ids;
 }
 
 static const std::unordered_set<std::string> two_path_fs_events{
@@ -719,15 +717,12 @@ static const std::unordered_map<std::string, std::vector<Py_ssize_t>> audit_targ
     {"socket.getnameinfo", {0}},
     {"socket.getservbyname", {0}},
     {"socket.getservbyport", {0}},
-    {"socket.sendto", {1}},
-    {"socket.sendmsg", {1}},
 
     {"os.system", {0}},
     {"subprocess.Popen", {1, 0}},
     {"os.posix_spawn", {1, 0}},
     {"os.spawn", {2, 1}},
     {"os.startfile", {0}},
-    {"os.startfile/2", {0}},
     {"pty.spawn", {0}},
     {"_winapi.CreateProcess", {1, 0}},
     {"_posixsubprocess.fork_exec", {0}},
@@ -763,7 +758,7 @@ std::vector<std::string> audit_targets(const std::string& event_name, AuditEvent
         // Thread creation exposes no user-supplied target. Use a fixed sentinel so the grant
         // persists per plugin: the permission list matches targets by exact string, and the
         // started function's repr embeds an address that changes every run.
-        targets.emplace_back(kThreadPermissionTarget);
+        targets.emplace_back("thread");
         return targets;
     default:
         break;
@@ -772,11 +767,7 @@ std::vector<std::string> audit_targets(const std::string& event_name, AuditEvent
     const auto it = audit_target_arg_indices.find(event_name);
     if (it != audit_target_arg_indices.end()) {
         for (const Py_ssize_t index : it->second) {
-            // None is an argument left out (sendmsg without an address), not a target named "None".
-            PyObject* const item = tuple_item(args, index);
-            if (item == Py_None)
-                continue;
-            std::string value = python_str(item);
+            std::string value = python_str(tuple_item(args, index));
             if (!value.empty()) {
                 targets.push_back(std::move(value));
                 break;
@@ -787,14 +778,8 @@ std::vector<std::string> audit_targets(const std::string& event_name, AuditEvent
     return targets;
 }
 
-// The saved list that grants an event: its category's target list, or the event-grant list for
-// an event with no target. Kept apart, so that no grant doubles as a target of the same name (an
-// os.fork grant is not an os.exec of a command named "os.fork").
-std::vector<std::string>* permission_list_for(AuditEventCategory category, bool by_event, PluginPermissions& permissions)
+std::vector<std::string>* permission_list_for(AuditEventCategory category, PluginPermissions& permissions)
 {
-    if (by_event)
-        return &permissions.events;
-
     switch (category) {
     case AuditEventCategory::FsRead:        return &permissions.fs_read;
     case AuditEventCategory::FsReadWrite:   return &permissions.fs_readwrite;
@@ -807,32 +792,11 @@ std::vector<std::string>* permission_list_for(AuditEventCategory category, bool
     }
 }
 
-// An event with no target is granted by its effective category and name, e.g. "FsRead:open"
-// for a read of a file descriptor, which does not grant a write of one ("FsReadWrite:open").
-std::string event_grant_key(AuditEventCategory category, const std::string& event_name)
-{
-    return std::string(category_name(category)) + ":" + event_name;
-}
-
 bool has_permission(const std::vector<std::string>& granted, const std::string& target)
 {
     return std::find(granted.begin(), granted.end(), target) != granted.end();
 }
 
-// A sandbox plugin may not have a sidecar yet. Seed the small amount of install metadata the
-// writer needs so clicking Yes still creates the JSON file.
-void seed_install_metadata(const PluginDescriptor& descriptor, PluginInstallState& state)
-{
-    if (!state.plugin_name.empty())
-        return;
-
-    state.installed_from    = descriptor.is_cloud_plugin() ? "cloud" : "local";
-    state.installed_version = !descriptor.installed_version.empty() ? descriptor.installed_version : descriptor.version;
-    state.plugin_name       = descriptor.name;
-    state.cloud_uuid        = descriptor.cloud_uuid();
-    state.enabled           = true;
-}
-
 bool persist_permission(const std::string&        plugin_key,
                         PluginInstallState&       state,
                         std::vector<std::string>& permission_list,
@@ -842,7 +806,15 @@ bool persist_permission(const std::string&        plugin_key,
     if (!PluginManager::instance().try_get_plugin_descriptor(plugin_key, descriptor) || descriptor.plugin_root.empty())
         return false;
 
-    seed_install_metadata(descriptor, state);
+    // A sandbox plugin may not have a sidecar yet.  Seed the small amount of install metadata
+    // needed by the writer so clicking Yes still creates the JSON file.
+    if (state.plugin_name.empty()) {
+        state.installed_from    = descriptor.is_cloud_plugin() ? "cloud" : "local";
+        state.installed_version = !descriptor.installed_version.empty() ? descriptor.installed_version : descriptor.version;
+        state.plugin_name       = descriptor.name;
+        state.cloud_uuid        = descriptor.cloud_uuid();
+        state.enabled            = true;
+    }
 
     if (!has_permission(permission_list, target))
         permission_list.push_back(target);
@@ -928,343 +900,85 @@ bool prompt_for_targets(AuditEventCategory category, const std::string& plugin_n
     return dialog.ShowModal() == wxID_YES;
 }
 
-// Shows a prompt whose body may cover several permission buckets. Must run on the GUI thread.
-bool prompt_for_permission_message(const wxString& message)
-{
-    wxMessageDialog dialog(nullptr, message, _L("Plugin permissions"), wxYES_NO | wxICON_WARNING);
-    return dialog.ShowModal() == wxID_YES;
-}
-
 // Records a grant in the plugin's sidecar so it is not asked again. Reads the install state
 // freshly because the async prompt outlives the caller's stack copy of it.
-void persist_grant(const std::string& plugin_key, AuditEventCategory category, bool by_event, const std::vector<std::string>& keys)
+void persist_grant(const std::string& plugin_key, AuditEventCategory category, const std::vector<std::string>& targets)
 {
     PluginInstallState state;
     if (!PluginManager::instance().get_install_state(plugin_key, state))
         return;
 
-    std::vector<std::string>* permission_list = permission_list_for(category, by_event, state.permissions);
+    std::vector<std::string>* permission_list = permission_list_for(category, state.permissions);
     if (!permission_list)
         return;
 
-    for (const auto& key : keys)
-        persist_permission(plugin_key, state, *permission_list, key);
+    for (const auto& target : targets)
+        persist_permission(plugin_key, state, *permission_list, target);
 }
 
-static PluginAuditManager::PermissionPrompt s_permission_prompt_for_testing;
-
-// Asks the user to grant an audited event, returning true when they approve an inline prompt.
-// `keys` are what a Yes saves: the unresolved targets, or the event-grant key when the event has
-// no target (by_event), which the prompt does not show as a target.
+// Requests permission for an audited event, returning true when it is already granted or the user
+// approves an inline prompt.
 //
 // An audited event can fire on a thread the UI thread may itself be blocked waiting on: the
 // SlicingPipeline hook runs on the slicing worker thread (see PluginHooks.cpp), and
 // BackgroundSlicingProcess::stop()/stop_internal() park the UI thread until that worker stops.
 // Blocking the worker on a marshaled modal -- which is safe for the plugin-load worker that
-// request_permissions runs on -- would therefore deadlock the application (the
+// request_filesystem_read_permissions runs on -- would therefore deadlock the application (the
 // invariant PluginHostUi.cpp documents for slicing-hook UI calls). Off the main thread the prompt
 // is therefore posted asynchronously and the current event denied (fail closed, like an unanswered
 // prompt); the grant is persisted once the user accepts, so a later attempt succeeds without
 // re-prompting.
 bool request_permission(AuditEventCategory category, const std::string& plugin_key, const std::string& plugin_name,
-                        const std::string& event_name, bool by_event, const std::vector<std::string>& keys)
+                        const std::string& event_name, const std::vector<std::string>& unresolved)
 {
-    const std::vector<std::string> shown = by_event ? std::vector<std::string>{} : keys;
-
-    if (s_permission_prompt_for_testing)
-        return s_permission_prompt_for_testing(event_name, shown);
-
     if (wxTheApp == nullptr || GUI::wxGetApp().is_closing())
         return false;
 
     if (wxIsMainThread())
-        return prompt_for_targets(category, plugin_name, event_name, shown);
+        return prompt_for_targets(category, plugin_name, event_name, unresolved);
 
-    GUI::wxGetApp().CallAfter([category, plugin_key, plugin_name, event_name, by_event, keys, shown]() {
+    GUI::wxGetApp().CallAfter([category, plugin_key, plugin_name, event_name, unresolved]() {
         if (wxTheApp == nullptr || GUI::wxGetApp().is_closing())
             return;
-        if (prompt_for_targets(category, plugin_name, event_name, shown))
-            persist_grant(plugin_key, category, by_event, keys);
+        if (prompt_for_targets(category, plugin_name, event_name, unresolved))
+            persist_grant(plugin_key, category, unresolved);
     });
     return false;
 }
 
-// Decides an event that no allowed root or running operation covers: a saved grant allows it,
-// otherwise the user is asked and a Yes is saved.
 int decide_audited_event(PluginAuditManager&             mgr,
                          PluginInstallState&              state,
                          const std::string&                plugin_key,
                          const std::string&                plugin_name,
                          const std::string&                event_name,
                          AuditEventCategory                category,
-                         const std::vector<std::string>&   targets)
+                         const std::vector<std::string>&   targets,
+                         std::vector<std::string>*         permission_list,
+                         const std::vector<std::string>&   call_site_ids)
 {
-    const bool                     by_event = targets.empty();
-    const std::vector<std::string> keys     = by_event ? std::vector<std::string>{event_grant_key(category, event_name)} : targets;
-    std::vector<std::string>*      permission_list = permission_list_for(category, by_event, state.permissions);
-
-    std::vector<std::string> unresolved = keys;
+    std::vector<std::string> unresolved = targets;
     if (permission_list) {
         unresolved.clear();
-        for (const auto& key : keys)
-            if (!has_permission(*permission_list, key))
-                unresolved.push_back(key);
-        if (unresolved.empty())
+        for (const auto& target : targets)
+            if (!has_permission(*permission_list, target))
+                unresolved.push_back(target);
+        if (!targets.empty() && unresolved.empty())
             return 0;
     }
 
-    // Letting a root frame go runs finalizers inside a scope destructor or another event's hook,
-    // where no dialog may open: what they do must already be granted.
-    if (mgr.releasing_frames())
-        return report_denied(mgr, event_name, {false, "audit permission required"});
-
-    if (!request_permission(category, plugin_key, plugin_name, event_name, by_event, unresolved))
+    if (!request_permission(category, plugin_key, plugin_name, event_name, unresolved))
         return report_denied(mgr, event_name, {false, "audit permission required"});
 
     if (permission_list)
-        for (const auto& key : unresolved)
-            persist_permission(plugin_key, state, *permission_list, key);
+        for (const auto& target : unresolved)
+            persist_permission(plugin_key, state, *permission_list, target);
+
+    mgr.record_approved_call_sites(plugin_key, call_site_ids);
     return 0;
 }
 
-// Judges an audited event raised while a plugin context is active.
-int audit_plugin_event(PluginAuditManager& mgr, const std::string& event_name, AuditEventCategory event_type, PyObject* args)
-{
-    const bool                      fs_category = is_fs_category(event_type);
-    const std::vector<std::string>  targets      = audit_targets(event_name, event_type, args);
-
-    // A denied path (secrets, certificates, config files -- see is_denied_path) is an
-    // unconditional block: checked before the running-operation check below, so no granted
-    // operation can launder access to one, and before the allowed-root shortcut further down,
-    // so an allowed root (e.g. the read-only resources folder) cannot make a denied path
-    // underneath it reachable.
-    if (fs_category) {
-        for (const auto& target : targets) {
-            if (mgr.is_denied_path(boost::filesystem::path(target)))
-                return report_denied(mgr, event_name, {false, "denied path"}, target);
-        }
-    }
-
-    // A nested event of an operation already granted, e.g. socket.connect inside an approved
-    // urlopen(), is not asked again. urllib.Request is always judged on its own URL, so a
-    // redirect or a nested urlopen() inside a running request is not covered by it.
-    if (event_name != "urllib.Request" && mgr.covered_by_root_frame())
-        return 0;
-
-    // A filesystem target that resolves entirely inside a pre-determined allowed root -- the
-    // plugin system's own data_dir() tree (which holds each plugin's storage folder and the
-    // installed/system profile cache), the read-only bundled resources folder, or a per-call
-    // scoped root such as the current G-code folder -- is part of the plugin system's normal
-    // workflow and does not need a prompt.
-    if (fs_category && !targets.empty()) {
-        const bool is_write = event_type != AuditEventCategory::FsRead;
-        const bool all_inside_allowed_root =
-            std::all_of(targets.begin(), targets.end(), [&](const std::string& target) {
-                return mgr.check_path_access(boost::filesystem::path(target), is_write).allowed;
-            });
-        if (all_inside_allowed_root)
-            return 0;
-    }
-
-    PluginInstallState state;
-    const bool have_install_state = PluginManager::instance().get_install_state(mgr.current_plugin(), state);
-    if (!have_install_state) {
-        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(warning) << __FUNCTION__ << " Failed to get install state for " << mgr.current_plugin();
-    }
-
-    const std::string plugin_name = state.plugin_name.empty() ? mgr.current_plugin() : state.plugin_name;
-
-    const int result = decide_audited_event(mgr, state, mgr.current_plugin(), plugin_name, event_name, event_type, targets);
-
-    // A granted operation covers its nested events while it runs. A targetless grant names no
-    // operation, so it covers nothing else.
-    if (result == 0 && !targets.empty() && operation_root_events.count(event_name))
-        mgr.record_root_frame();
-    return result;
-}
-
 } // namespace PluginAuditDetail
 
-bool PluginAuditManager::request_permissions(const std::string& plugin_key, const PluginPermissions& requested)
-{
-    if (plugin_key.empty())
-        return true;
-
-    PluginDescriptor descriptor;
-    if (!PluginManager::instance().try_get_plugin_descriptor(plugin_key, descriptor) || descriptor.plugin_root.empty())
-        return false;
-
-    PluginInstallState state;
-    read_install_state(boost::filesystem::path(descriptor.plugin_root), state);
-
-    // Per bucket, keep only the targets that no earlier grant already covers. Dropping these
-    // before prompting keeps a repeated declaration from asking again for what is on disk.
-    struct MissingBucket {
-        AuditEventCategory       category;
-        std::vector<std::string> targets;
-    };
-    std::vector<MissingBucket> missing_buckets;
-
-    const auto collect_missing = [&missing_buckets](AuditEventCategory category,
-                                                    const std::vector<std::string>& requested_targets,
-                                                    const std::vector<std::string>& granted_targets) {
-        MissingBucket bucket{category, {}};
-        for (const std::string& target : requested_targets) {
-            if (target.empty())
-                continue;
-            if (std::find(granted_targets.begin(), granted_targets.end(), target) == granted_targets.end() &&
-                std::find(bucket.targets.begin(), bucket.targets.end(), target) == bucket.targets.end())
-                bucket.targets.push_back(target);
-        }
-        if (!bucket.targets.empty())
-            missing_buckets.push_back(std::move(bucket));
-    };
-
-    collect_missing(AuditEventCategory::FsRead, requested.fs_read, state.permissions.fs_read);
-    collect_missing(AuditEventCategory::FsReadWrite, requested.fs_readwrite, state.permissions.fs_readwrite);
-    collect_missing(AuditEventCategory::Http, requested.network_http, state.permissions.network_http);
-    collect_missing(AuditEventCategory::Socket, requested.network_socket, state.permissions.network_socket);
-    collect_missing(AuditEventCategory::ProcessCreate, requested.process, state.permissions.process);
-    collect_missing(AuditEventCategory::Threading, requested.threading, state.permissions.threading);
-
-    if (missing_buckets.empty())
-        return true;
-
-    if (wxTheApp == nullptr || GUI::wxGetApp().is_closing())
-        return false;
-
-    const auto build_message = [](const std::string& plugin_name, const std::vector<MissingBucket>& buckets) {
-        wxString message;
-        for (const MissingBucket& bucket : buckets) {
-            wxString targets;
-            for (const std::string& target : bucket.targets)
-                targets += wxString::FromUTF8(target.c_str()) + "\n";
-
-            if (!message.IsEmpty())
-                message += "\n\n";
-            message += PluginAuditDetail::audit_message(bucket.category, wxString::FromUTF8(plugin_name.c_str()),
-                                                        wxEmptyString, targets, bucket.targets.size());
-        }
-        return message;
-    };
-
-    bool granted = false;
-    if (wxIsMainThread()) {
-        granted = PluginAuditDetail::prompt_for_permission_message(build_message(descriptor.name, missing_buckets));
-    } else {
-        auto result = std::make_shared<std::promise<bool>>();
-        auto future = result->get_future();
-        GUI::wxGetApp().CallAfter([result, plugin_name = descriptor.name, missing_buckets, build_message]() {
-            result->set_value(PluginAuditDetail::prompt_for_permission_message(build_message(plugin_name, missing_buckets)));
-        });
-        granted = future.get();
-    }
-
-    if (!granted)
-        return false;
-
-    // The dialog can stay open while another grant is persisted; re-read before saving so this
-    // request adds to the current state instead of replacing it.
-    PluginInstallState latest_state;
-    if (read_install_state(boost::filesystem::path(descriptor.plugin_root), latest_state))
-        state = std::move(latest_state);
-
-    PluginAuditDetail::seed_install_metadata(descriptor, state);
-
-    for (const MissingBucket& bucket : missing_buckets) {
-        std::vector<std::string>* permission_list =
-            PluginAuditDetail::permission_list_for(bucket.category, /*by_event=*/false, state.permissions);
-        if (!permission_list)
-            continue;
-        for (const std::string& target : bucket.targets)
-            if (std::find(permission_list->begin(), permission_list->end(), target) == permission_list->end())
-                permission_list->push_back(target);
-    }
-
-    return write_install_state(boost::filesystem::path(descriptor.plugin_root), state);
-}
-
-void PluginAuditManager::record_root_frame()
-{
-    PyObject* frame = reinterpret_cast<PyObject*>(PyEval_GetFrame()); // borrowed reference
-    if (!frame || !PluginAuditDetail::is_stdlib_frame(frame))
-        return;
-    if (std::find(m_root_frames.begin(), m_root_frames.end(), frame) != m_root_frames.end())
-        return; // glob.glob and glob.glob/2 share a frame
-    Py_INCREF(frame);
-    m_root_frames.push_back(frame);
-}
-
-bool PluginAuditManager::covered_by_root_frame() const
-{
-    if (m_root_frames.empty())
-        return false;
-
-    // Only stdlib frames may sit between the event and the operation: plugin or library code
-    // the operation calls back into (an os.walk onerror, a urllib handler) acts on its own.
-    for (PyObject* frame : PluginAuditDetail::stack_frames()) {
-        if (std::find(m_root_frames.begin(), m_root_frames.end(), frame) != m_root_frames.end())
-            return true;
-        if (!PluginAuditDetail::is_stdlib_frame(frame))
-            return false;
-    }
-    return false;
-}
-
-bool PluginAuditManager::releasing_frames() const { return m_releasing_frames > 0; }
-
-bool PluginAuditManager::is_stdlib_file(const std::string& filename)
-{
-    // Frozen stdlib modules (os, posixpath, codecs, ...) carry a pseudo filename.
-    if (boost::algorithm::starts_with(filename, "<frozen "))
-        return true;
-    if (filename.empty() || filename.front() == '<')
-        return false;
-
-    // Both sides are resolved: co_filename follows the Python home as it was given, which may
-    // be a symlink.
-    const auto [it, inserted] = PluginAuditDetail::s_stdlib_file_verdicts.try_emplace(filename, false);
-    if (inserted) {
-        const boost::filesystem::path file(filename);
-        const auto inside_any = [&file](const std::vector<boost::filesystem::path>& dirs) {
-            return std::any_of(dirs.begin(), dirs.end(),
-                               [&file](const boost::filesystem::path& dir) { return is_inside_allowed_root(file, dir); });
-        };
-        it->second = inside_any(PluginAuditDetail::s_stdlib_dirs) && !inside_any(PluginAuditDetail::s_site_package_dirs);
-    }
-    return it->second;
-}
-
-void PluginAuditManager::release_frames(std::vector<PyObject*>& frames)
-{
-    if (frames.empty())
-        return;
-
-    // A finalizer's own denial must neither replace the PermissionError of the event being
-    // decided nor leave a stale denial behind for the next call.
-    PyObject* const      error          = PyErr_GetRaisedException();
-    const bool           denial_pending = m_audit_denial_pending;
-    const bool           has_violation  = m_has_last_violation;
-    const AuditViolation violation      = m_last_violation;
-
-    std::vector<PyObject*> released;
-    released.swap(frames);
-    ++m_releasing_frames;
-    for (PyObject* frame : released)
-        Py_DECREF(frame);
-    --m_releasing_frames;
-
-    m_audit_denial_pending = denial_pending;
-    m_has_last_violation   = has_violation;
-    m_last_violation       = violation;
-    PyErr_SetRaisedException(error);
-}
-
-void PluginAuditManager::set_permission_prompt_for_testing(PermissionPrompt prompt)
-{
-    PluginAuditDetail::s_permission_prompt_for_testing = std::move(prompt);
-}
-
 int PluginAuditManager::audit_hook(const char* event, PyObject* args, void* user_data)
 {
     auto* mgr = static_cast<PluginAuditManager*>(user_data);
@@ -1292,20 +1006,62 @@ int PluginAuditManager::audit_hook(const char* event, PyObject* args, void* user
     if (event_type == AuditEventCategory::None)
         return 0;
 
-    // Root frames whose operation has returned are let go once this event is decided, so that a
-    // finalizer they run re-enters a hook whose held frames are already consistent.
-    std::vector<PyObject*> returned_frames;
-    PluginAuditDetail::take_returned_frames(m_root_frames, returned_frames);
-    const int result = PluginAuditDetail::audit_plugin_event(*mgr, event_name, event_type, args);
-    mgr->release_frames(returned_frames);
-    return result;
+    const bool                      fs_category = is_fs_category(event_type);
+    const std::vector<std::string>  targets      = PluginAuditDetail::audit_targets(event_name, event_type, args);
+
+    // A denied path (secrets, certificates, config files -- see is_denied_path) is an
+    // unconditional block: checked before the ancestor-cascade check below, so a cascade
+    // approval recorded for an unrelated action can never launder access to one, and before
+    // the allowed-root shortcut further down, so an allowed root (e.g. the read-only resources
+    // folder) cannot make a denied path underneath it reachable.
+    if (fs_category) {
+        for (const auto& target : targets) {
+            if (mgr->is_denied_path(boost::filesystem::path(target)))
+                return PluginAuditDetail::report_denied(*mgr, event_name, {false, "denied path"}, target);
+        }
+    }
+
+    PluginDescriptor plugin_descriptor;
+    PluginManager::instance().try_get_plugin_descriptor(mgr->current_plugin(), plugin_descriptor);
+
+    // Some plugins call other audited events, e.g. urlib.request will call socket.connect. So this is so that if urlib.request
+    // was already approved, socket.connect won't trigger another permission dialog.
+    const std::vector<std::string> call_site_ids =
+        PluginAuditDetail::call_site_identities(plugin_descriptor.plugin_root);
+    if (mgr->has_approved_ancestor(mgr->current_plugin(), call_site_ids))
+        return 0;
+
+    // A filesystem target that resolves entirely inside a pre-determined allowed root -- the
+    // plugin system's own data_dir() tree (which holds each plugin's storage folder and the
+    // installed/system profile cache), the read-only bundled resources folder, or a per-call
+    // scoped root such as the current G-code folder -- is part of the plugin system's normal
+    // workflow and does not need a prompt.
+    if (fs_category && !targets.empty()) {
+        const bool is_write = event_type != AuditEventCategory::FsRead;
+        const bool all_inside_allowed_root =
+            std::all_of(targets.begin(), targets.end(), [&](const std::string& target) {
+                return mgr->check_path_access(boost::filesystem::path(target), is_write).allowed;
+            });
+        if (all_inside_allowed_root)
+            return 0;
+    }
+
+    PluginInstallState state;
+    const bool have_install_state = PluginManager::instance().get_install_state(mgr->current_plugin(), state);
+    if (!have_install_state) {
+        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(warning) << __FUNCTION__ << " Failed to get install state for " << mgr->current_plugin();
+    }
+
+    const std::string plugin_name = state.plugin_name.empty() ? mgr->current_plugin() : state.plugin_name;
+
+    std::vector<std::string>* permission_list = PluginAuditDetail::permission_list_for(event_type, state.permissions);
+
+    return PluginAuditDetail::decide_audited_event(*mgr, state, mgr->current_plugin(), plugin_name, event_name,
+                                                    event_type, targets, permission_list, call_site_ids);
 }
 
 void PluginAuditManager::install_hook()
 {
-    // Tells the stdlib's own frames apart, for the operation-root frames (see record_root_frame).
-    PluginAuditDetail::collect_stdlib_dirs();
-
     // data_dir() is the primary globally-allowed root during plugin execution: read+write. It
     // covers the plugin system's own workflow needs -- each plugin's storage folder
     // (data_dir()/orca_plugins) and the installed/system profile cache (data_dir()/system) --

src/slic3r/plugin/PluginAuditManager.hpp

@@ -4,21 +4,16 @@
 // Via pybind11 so this file requests the same python3xx.lib as everything else.
 #include <boost/filesystem/path.hpp>
 #include <pybind11/conduit/wrap_include_python_h.h>
-#include <functional>
 #include <mutex>
 #include <string>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <unordered_set>
 #include <vector>
 
 #include <boost/filesystem.hpp>
 
 namespace Slic3r {
 
-struct PluginPermissions;
-
-// Thread creation exposes no user-supplied target, so both the runtime audit event and a
-// request_permissions(threading=True) declaration use this fixed target.
-inline constexpr const char* kThreadPermissionTarget = "thread";
-
 struct AuditDecision {
     bool        allowed = true;
     std::string reason;
@@ -136,12 +131,12 @@ public:
     AuditDecision check_path_access(const boost::filesystem::path& candidate, bool is_write);
     AuditDecision check_open(const std::string& path, const std::string& mode);
 
-    // Ask the user to grant the requested permissions. The request may originate on a plugin
-    // load worker, so the implementation marshals the modal dialog to the wx main thread.
-    // Targets already persisted for the plugin are not shown or asked for again. Returns true
-    // only when every missing target was granted and persisted; denial aborts the plugin load
-    // without adding a permission.
-    bool request_permissions(const std::string& plugin_key, const PluginPermissions& requested);
+    // Ask the user to grant the requested filesystem-read paths. The request may originate on a
+    // plugin load worker, so the implementation marshals the modal dialog to the wx main thread.
+    // Returns true only when every missing path was granted and persisted; denial aborts the plugin
+    // load without adding a permission.
+    bool request_filesystem_read_permissions(const std::string& plugin_key,
+                                             const std::vector<std::string>& paths);
 
     void report_violation(const AuditViolation& violation);
     bool audit_denial_pending() const;
@@ -149,26 +144,15 @@ public:
     void clear_last_violation();
     bool last_violation(AuditViolation& violation) const;
 
-    // --- operation-root frames ---
-    // One stdlib operation fires several nested audit events as it passes through lower layers:
-    // urlopen() raises urllib.Request, then http.client and socket events. When an operation's
-    // own root event is granted (by a saved grant or the user), the stdlib frame that raised it
-    // is held, and a later event whose stack reaches that frame through stdlib frames only is
-    // part of the same operation, so it is allowed without a prompt of its own. Plugin or
-    // library code the operation calls back into is judged on its own. A frame is let go once it
-    // returns, a suspended generator's (os.walk) when the audit scope ends. Letting a frame go may
-    // run finalizers of objects its locals held; they are judged as the plugin and never prompt.
-    void record_root_frame();
-    bool covered_by_root_frame() const;
-    bool releasing_frames() const;
-
-    // True when code from `filename` (a code object's co_filename) is the interpreter's own
-    // stdlib: the only code a root frame's coverage passes through. Valid after install_hook().
-    static bool is_stdlib_file(const std::string& filename);
-
-    // Answers permission prompts in place of the dialog, for tests. Production never sets it.
-    using PermissionPrompt = std::function<bool(const std::string& event_name, const std::vector<std::string>& targets)>;
-    static void set_permission_prompt_for_testing(PermissionPrompt prompt);
+    // --- call-site cascade cache ---
+    // A single plugin action often fires several nested CPython audit events as it passes
+    // through stdlib layers (urllib.request calling http.client calling socket, for example).
+    // Once the user approves one event, every stdlib frame still on the stack for that call
+    // is recorded here by (filename, function, first line) identity. A later event whose own
+    // ancestor chain still contains one of those frames is the same logical action seen from
+    // a deeper layer, so it is auto-approved instead of prompting again.
+    bool has_approved_ancestor(const std::string& plugin_key, const std::vector<std::string>& call_site_ids) const;
+    void record_approved_call_sites(const std::string& plugin_key, const std::vector<std::string>& call_site_ids);
 
     bool verbose_events = true;
 
@@ -179,32 +163,24 @@ private:
 
     static int audit_hook(const char* event, PyObject* args, void* user_data);
 
-    // Drops the references in `frames`, keeping the caller's error and denial state intact.
-    void release_frames(std::vector<PyObject*>& frames);
-
     static thread_local std::string                   m_current_plugin_key;
     static thread_local std::string                   m_current_capability_name;
     static thread_local std::vector<AllowedRoot>       m_scoped_allowed_roots;
-    static thread_local std::vector<PyObject*>         m_root_frames; // strong references
-    static thread_local int                            m_releasing_frames;
     static thread_local bool                           m_audit_denial_pending;
     static thread_local bool                           m_has_last_violation;
     static thread_local AuditViolation                 m_last_violation;
 
-    // mutable: is_denied_filename() is a const query that must lock.
+    // mutable: is_denied_filename() and has_approved_ancestor() are const queries that must lock.
     mutable std::mutex m_mutex;
     std::vector<AllowedRoot>             m_global_allowed_roots;
     std::vector<std::string>             m_denied_filenames;
     std::vector<std::string>             m_denied_path_keywords;
+    std::unordered_map<std::string, std::unordered_set<std::string>> m_approved_call_sites; // plugin_key -> call-site ids
 };
 
 // RAII guard that sets the current plugin key and capability name, restoring the previous
 // pair on scope exit. `capability_name` may be empty for calls that are not scoped to a
 // single capability.
-//
-// Each scope owns the root frames recorded inside it and lets them go, as its own plugin, before
-// restoring the outer context. That needs the GIL whenever a frame is still held, so construct
-// the scope after the GIL guard, to be destroyed before it.
 class ScopedPluginAuditContext
 {
 public:
@@ -218,12 +194,9 @@ public:
     ScopedPluginAuditContext& operator=(const ScopedPluginAuditContext&) = delete;
 
 private:
-    std::string                   m_plugin_key;
-    std::string                   m_capability;
     std::string                   m_previous_id;
     std::string                   m_previous_capability;
     std::vector<AllowedRoot>      m_previous_scoped_roots;
-    std::vector<PyObject*>        m_previous_root_frames;
 };
 
 } // namespace Slic3r

src/slic3r/plugin/PluginFsUtils.cpp

@@ -808,7 +808,6 @@ bool read_install_state(const boost::filesystem::path& plugin_dir, PluginInstall
             read_string_list("network_socket", parsed.permissions.network_socket);
             read_string_list("process", parsed.permissions.process);
             read_string_list("threading", parsed.permissions.threading);
-            read_string_list("events", parsed.permissions.events);
         }
 
         if (state.contains("enabled") && state["enabled"].is_boolean())
@@ -853,7 +852,6 @@ bool write_install_state(const boost::filesystem::path& plugin_dir, const Plugin
         {"network_socket", state.permissions.network_socket},
         {"process", state.permissions.process},
         {"threading", state.permissions.threading},
-        {"events", state.permissions.events},
     };
 
     nlohmann::json capabilities = nlohmann::json::array();

src/slic3r/plugin/PluginFsUtils.hpp

@@ -104,8 +104,6 @@ struct PluginPermissions
     std::vector<std::string> network_socket;
     std::vector<std::string> process;
     std::vector<std::string> threading;
-    // Grants for audit events that expose no target, keyed "<category>:<event>" (e.g. "Socket:socket.__new__").
-    std::vector<std::string> events;
 };
 
 struct PluginInstallState {

src/slic3r/plugin/PyPluginTrampoline.hpp

@@ -102,9 +102,9 @@ public:
     // mistake), both fall back to the base's empty object rather than writing `"cap_config": null`.
     nlohmann::json get_default_config() const override
     {
-        pybind11::gil_scoped_acquire gil;
         ORCA_PY_AUDIT_SCOPE();
         try {
+            pybind11::gil_scoped_acquire gil;
             pybind11::function override = pybind11::get_override(static_cast<const Base*>(this), "get_default_config");
             if (!override)
                 return Base::get_default_config();

src/slic3r/plugin/PythonPluginBridge.cpp

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ thread_local std::string g_active_plugin_key;
 std::mutex g_registry_mutex;
 std::unordered_map<std::string, std::vector<py::object>> g_pending_capabilities;
 std::unordered_map<std::string, py::object> g_pending_package;
-std::unordered_map<std::string, PluginPermissions> g_pending_permissions;
+std::unordered_map<std::string, std::vector<std::string>> g_pending_fs_read_permissions;
 struct PluginInstanceHandle
 {
     // The C++ plugin interface points into a Python object. Keep both alive through one
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ void discard_pending_capture_without_python(const std::string& plugin_key)
         g_pending_package.erase(package);
     }
 
-    g_pending_permissions.erase(plugin_key);
+    g_pending_fs_read_permissions.erase(plugin_key);
 }
 
 } // namespace
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ void PythonPluginBridge::begin_plugin_capture(const std::string& plugin_key)
         // for this same entry path.
         g_pending_capabilities.erase(plugin_key);
         g_pending_package.erase(plugin_key);
-        g_pending_permissions.erase(plugin_key);
+        g_pending_fs_read_permissions.erase(plugin_key);
     }
     // From now until finalize/cancel, @orca.plugin and register_capability() calls made by
     // Python code on this thread are attributed to this plugin.
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ std::vector<CapturedCapability> PythonPluginBridge::finalize_plugin_capture(cons
             std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(g_registry_mutex);
             g_pending_capabilities.erase(capture_key);
             g_pending_package.erase(capture_key);
-            g_pending_permissions.erase(capture_key);
+            g_pending_fs_read_permissions.erase(capture_key);
         };
 
         try {
@@ -177,27 +177,23 @@ std::vector<CapturedCapability> PythonPluginBridge::finalize_plugin_capture(cons
             // Permission declarations are collected while register_capabilities() runs so the
             // plugin can describe its needs without touching wx from the Python load worker. Ask
             // only after registration returns, before capability instances are materialized.
-            PluginPermissions requested_permissions;
+            std::vector<std::string> fs_read_permissions;
             {
                 std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(g_registry_mutex);
-                auto it = g_pending_permissions.find(capture_key);
-                if (it != g_pending_permissions.end()) {
-                    requested_permissions = std::move(it->second);
-                    g_pending_permissions.erase(it);
+                auto it = g_pending_fs_read_permissions.find(capture_key);
+                if (it != g_pending_fs_read_permissions.end()) {
+                    fs_read_permissions = std::move(it->second);
+                    g_pending_fs_read_permissions.erase(it);
                 }
             }
-            const bool has_permission_request =
-                !requested_permissions.fs_read.empty() || !requested_permissions.fs_readwrite.empty() ||
-                !requested_permissions.network_http.empty() || !requested_permissions.network_socket.empty() ||
-                !requested_permissions.process.empty() || !requested_permissions.threading.empty();
-            if (has_permission_request) {
+            if (!fs_read_permissions.empty()) {
                 bool granted = false;
                 {
                     py::gil_scoped_release release;
-                    granted = PluginAuditManager::instance().request_permissions(plugin_key, requested_permissions);
+                    granted = PluginAuditManager::instance().request_filesystem_read_permissions(plugin_key, fs_read_permissions);
                 }
                 if (!granted) {
-                    error = _u8L("Plugin permission request denied");
+                    error = _u8L("Plugin filesystem read permission request denied");
                     BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(warning) << error << " for key " << plugin_key;
                     discard_pending_for_key();
                     clear_active_key();
@@ -326,7 +322,7 @@ void PythonPluginBridge::cancel_plugin_capture(const std::string& plugin_key)
         // may already have registered under this key.
         g_pending_capabilities.erase(plugin_key);
         g_pending_package.erase(plugin_key);
-        g_pending_permissions.erase(plugin_key);
+        g_pending_fs_read_permissions.erase(plugin_key);
     }
 
     if (g_active_plugin_key == plugin_key)
@@ -353,7 +349,7 @@ void PythonPluginBridge::clear_pending_captures()
             (void) pkg.release();
         }
         g_pending_package.clear();
-        g_pending_permissions.clear();
+        g_pending_fs_read_permissions.clear();
         g_active_plugin_key.clear();
         return;
     }
@@ -362,7 +358,7 @@ void PythonPluginBridge::clear_pending_captures()
     BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info) << "Clearing " << g_pending_capabilities.size() << " pending Python plugin capture(s)";
     g_pending_capabilities.clear();
     g_pending_package.clear();
-    g_pending_permissions.clear();
+    g_pending_fs_read_permissions.clear();
     g_active_plugin_key.clear();
 }
 
@@ -562,54 +558,24 @@ void bind_python_api(pybind11::module_& m)
 
     m.def(
         "request_permissions",
-        [](const std::vector<std::string>& fs_read,
-           const std::vector<std::string>& fs_readwrite,
-           const std::vector<std::string>& network_http,
-           const std::vector<std::string>& network_socket,
-           const std::vector<std::string>& process,
-           bool                            threading) {
+        [](const std::vector<std::string>& fs_read) {
             if (g_active_plugin_key.empty())
                 throw py::value_error("request_permissions() called outside plugin discovery context");
 
             std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(g_registry_mutex);
-            PluginPermissions& requested = g_pending_permissions[g_active_plugin_key];
-
-            const auto add_targets = [](std::vector<std::string>& bucket, const char* name,
-                                        const std::vector<std::string>& targets) {
-                for (const std::string& target : targets) {
-                    if (target.empty())
-                        throw py::value_error(std::string("request_permissions(") + name +
-                                              "=...) does not accept empty values");
-                    if (std::find(bucket.begin(), bucket.end(), target) == bucket.end())
-                        bucket.push_back(target);
-                }
-            };
-
-            add_targets(requested.fs_read, "fs_read", fs_read);
-            add_targets(requested.fs_readwrite, "fs_readwrite", fs_readwrite);
-            add_targets(requested.network_http, "network_http", network_http);
-            add_targets(requested.network_socket, "network_socket", network_socket);
-            add_targets(requested.process, "process", process);
-
-            if (threading && std::find(requested.threading.begin(), requested.threading.end(),
-                                       kThreadPermissionTarget) == requested.threading.end())
-                requested.threading.emplace_back(kThreadPermissionTarget);
+            auto& requested = g_pending_fs_read_permissions[g_active_plugin_key];
+            for (const std::string& path : fs_read) {
+                if (path.empty())
+                    throw py::value_error("request_permissions(fs_read=...) does not accept empty paths");
+                if (std::find(requested.begin(), requested.end(), path) == requested.end())
+                    requested.push_back(path);
+            }
         },
         py::arg("fs_read") = std::vector<std::string>{},
-        py::arg("fs_readwrite") = std::vector<std::string>{},
-        py::arg("network_http") = std::vector<std::string>{},
-        py::arg("network_socket") = std::vector<std::string>{},
-        py::arg("process") = std::vector<std::string>{},
-        py::arg("threading") = false,
-        R"pbdoc(Request permissions while OrcaSlicer loads your module.
+        R"pbdoc(Request filesystem read permissions while OrcaSlicer loads your module.
 
-Each bucket takes the target strings the plugin expects the corresponding audit event to
-report: filesystem paths for fs_read and fs_readwrite, URLs for network_http, socket addresses
-for network_socket, and commands for process. threading=True requests permission to start
-threads. Targets already granted to the plugin are not asked for again.
-
-The host presents one request to the user after register_capabilities() returns and before any
-capability instance is created. Denying the request aborts the plugin load.)pbdoc");
+The host presents the request to the user after register_capabilities() returns. Denying the
+request aborts the plugin load.)pbdoc");
 
     m.def("plugin", [](py::object cls) {
         if (g_active_plugin_key.empty())

src/slic3r/plugin/pluginTypes/printerAgent/PrinterAgentPluginCapabilityTrampoline.hpp

@@ -282,11 +282,11 @@ public:
     int request_bind_ticket(std::string* ticket) override
     {
         try {
+            ORCA_PY_AUDIT_SCOPE();
             ::Slic3r::PluginCapabilityInterface::RefCounter _orca_ref_counter(*this);
             ::Slic3r::PythonGILState gil;
             if (!gil)
                 throw std::runtime_error("Python interpreter is shutting down");
-            ORCA_PY_AUDIT_SCOPE();
             pybind11::function override =
                 pybind11::get_override(static_cast<const PrinterAgentPluginCapability*>(this), "request_bind_ticket");
             if (!override)

tests/libslic3r/test_config.cpp

@@ -1263,55 +1263,6 @@ TEST_CASE("read_cli rejects an invalid scalar numeric value", "[Config]") {
     REQUIRE_FALSE(config.read_cli(3, argv, &extra, &keys));
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("A scalar option keeps its value when deserializing fails", "[Config]") {
-    using Catch::Matchers::WithinAbs;
-
-    SECTION("float") {
-        ConfigOptionFloat opt(7.5);
-        REQUIRE_FALSE(opt.deserialize("abc"));
-        CHECK_THAT(opt.value, WithinAbs(7.5, 1e-9));
-    }
-    SECTION("int") {
-        ConfigOptionInt opt(3);
-        REQUIRE_FALSE(opt.deserialize("abc"));
-        CHECK(opt.value == 3);
-    }
-    SECTION("percent") {
-        ConfigOptionPercent opt(40.);
-        REQUIRE_FALSE(opt.deserialize("abc%"));
-        CHECK_THAT(opt.value, WithinAbs(40., 1e-9));
-    }
-    SECTION("float or percent") {
-        ConfigOptionFloatOrPercent opt(0.4, false);
-        REQUIRE_FALSE(opt.deserialize("abc%"));
-        CHECK_THAT(opt.value, WithinAbs(0.4, 1e-9));
-        CHECK_FALSE(opt.percent);
-    }
-    SECTION("point") {
-        ConfigOptionPoint opt(Vec2d(1., 2.));
-        REQUIRE_FALSE(opt.deserialize("5,abc"));
-        CHECK(opt.value == Vec2d(1., 2.));
-    }
-    SECTION("point3") {
-        ConfigOptionPoint3 opt(Vec3d(1., 2., 3.));
-        REQUIRE_FALSE(opt.deserialize("5,6,abc"));
-        CHECK(opt.value == Vec3d(1., 2., 3.));
-    }
-}
-
-TEST_CASE("A scalar option still takes a valid value", "[Config]") {
-    using Catch::Matchers::WithinAbs;
-
-    ConfigOptionFloatOrPercent opt(0.4, false);
-    REQUIRE(opt.deserialize("50%"));
-    CHECK_THAT(opt.value, WithinAbs(50., 1e-9));
-    CHECK(opt.percent);
-
-    ConfigOptionPoint point;
-    REQUIRE(point.deserialize("3x4"));
-    CHECK(point.value == Vec2d(3., 4.));
-}
-
 TEST_CASE("read_cli appends values when a vector option is repeated", "[Config]") {
     Slic3r::DynamicPrintConfig config;
     t_config_option_keys extra, keys;
@@ -1727,75 +1678,3 @@ TEST_CASE("Default options of enum lists get their definition's keys map", "[Con
     }
     CHECK(enum_lists > 0);
 }
-
-TEST_CASE("A disabled filament override survives the merge with a parent that sets it", "[Config][Variant]")
-{
-    std::set<std::string>      no_keys;
-    Slic3r::DynamicPrintConfig parent;
-    parent.set_deserialize_strict("filament_retract_before_wipe", "100%");
-    parent.set_deserialize_strict("filament_ironing_flow", "15%");
-    Slic3r::DynamicPrintConfig child;
-    child.set_deserialize_strict("filament_retract_before_wipe", "nil");
-    child.set_deserialize_strict("filament_ironing_flow", "nil");
-    parent.update_diff_values_to_child_config(child, "", "filament_extruder_variant",
-                                              Slic3r::filament_options_with_variant, no_keys);
-    CHECK(parent.opt_serialize("filament_retract_before_wipe") == "nil");
-    CHECK(parent.opt_serialize("filament_ironing_flow") == "nil");
-}
-
-SCENARIO("A two-variant child's disabled override column is matched to the parent's variant by name", "[Config][Variant]")
-{
-    std::set<std::string> no_keys;
-    GIVEN("A two-variant filament parent") {
-        Slic3r::DynamicPrintConfig parent;
-        parent.set_deserialize_strict("filament_extruder_variant", "Direct Drive Standard;Direct Drive High Flow");
-        parent.set_deserialize_strict("filament_retract_before_wipe", "100%,100%");
-        parent.set_deserialize_strict("filament_flow_ratio", "1,1");
-        WHEN("the child disables the override on one variant and leaves a plain option nil on it") {
-            Slic3r::DynamicPrintConfig child;
-            child.set_deserialize_strict("filament_extruder_variant", "Direct Drive Standard;Direct Drive High Flow");
-            child.set_deserialize_strict("filament_retract_before_wipe", "nil,100%");
-            child.set_deserialize_strict("filament_flow_ratio", "nil,1.1");
-            parent.update_diff_values_to_child_config(child, "", "filament_extruder_variant",
-                                                      Slic3r::filament_options_with_variant, no_keys);
-            THEN("the override column is disabled while the plain option's nil column inherits") {
-                CHECK(parent.opt_serialize("filament_retract_before_wipe") == "nil,100%");
-                CHECK(parent.opt_serialize("filament_flow_ratio") == "1,1.1");
-            }
-        }
-        WHEN("the child lists the same variants in the other order") {
-            Slic3r::DynamicPrintConfig child;
-            child.set_deserialize_strict("filament_extruder_variant", "Direct Drive High Flow;Direct Drive Standard");
-            child.set_deserialize_strict("filament_retract_before_wipe", "70%,nil");
-            child.set_deserialize_strict("filament_flow_ratio", "1.1,nil");
-            parent.update_diff_values_to_child_config(child, "", "filament_extruder_variant",
-                                                      Slic3r::filament_options_with_variant, no_keys);
-            THEN("columns are matched by variant name, the disabled one included") {
-                CHECK(parent.opt_serialize("filament_retract_before_wipe") == "nil,70%");
-                CHECK(parent.opt_serialize("filament_flow_ratio") == "1,1.1");
-            }
-        }
-        WHEN("the child was saved with a single variant") {
-            Slic3r::DynamicPrintConfig child;
-            child.set_deserialize_strict("filament_extruder_variant", "Direct Drive Standard");
-            child.set_deserialize_strict("filament_retract_before_wipe", "nil");
-            parent.update_diff_values_to_child_config(child, "", "filament_extruder_variant",
-                                                      Slic3r::filament_options_with_variant, no_keys);
-            THEN("its one value applies to every variant of that extruder, as slicing does") {
-                CHECK(parent.opt_serialize("filament_retract_before_wipe") == "nil,nil");
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-TEST_CASE("Every listed filament override is nullable", "[Config]")
-{
-    std::set<std::string> overrides(Slic3r::filament_extruder_override_keys.begin(), Slic3r::filament_extruder_override_keys.end());
-    overrides.insert({ "filament_retract_length_nc", "filament_ironing_flow", "filament_ironing_spacing", "filament_ironing_inset", "filament_ironing_speed" });
-    for (const auto &[key, def] : Slic3r::print_config_def.options) {
-        INFO(key);
-        CHECK(Slic3r::is_filament_extruder_override_key(key) == (overrides.count(key) == 1));
-        if (overrides.count(key) == 1)
-            CHECK(def.nullable);
-    }
-}

tests/libslic3r/test_ordering_strategies.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 #include <catch2/catch_test_macros.hpp>
 #include <catch2/generators/catch_generators.hpp>
 #include <catch2/catch_all.hpp>
+#include <catch2/generators/catch_generators.hpp>
+#include <catch2/matchers/catch_matchers.hpp>
+#include <catch2/matchers/catch_matchers_floating_point.hpp>
 #include <vector>
 #include <cstddef>
 #include <math.h>
@@ -15,8 +18,11 @@
 #include "libslic3r/GCode/OrderingStrategies.hpp"
 #include "libslic3r/ShortestPath.hpp"
 #include "libslic3r/Geometry.hpp"
+#include "libslic3r/ShortestPath.hpp"
 
 #include <algorithm>
+#include <numeric>
+#include <random>
 #include <unordered_set>
 #include <numeric>
 #include <random>
@@ -51,6 +57,73 @@ static bool has_crossings(const std::vector<size_t>& path, const Points& centers
     return false;
 }
 
+// Intersecting edge pairs whose reversal would shorten the cycle by more than SCALED_EPSILON, which
+// tsp_remove_crossings must leave none of.
+static size_t count_shortening_crossings(const std::vector<size_t>& path, const Points& centers)
+{
+    size_t pn = path.size();
+    size_t count = 0;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < pn; ++i) {
+        for (size_t j = i + 2; j < pn; ++j) {
+            if (i == 0 && j == pn - 1) continue;
+            const Point& ai = centers[path[i]];
+            const Point& bi = centers[path[(i + 1) % pn]];
+            const Point& aj = centers[path[j]];
+            const Point& bj = centers[path[(j + 1) % pn]];
+            if (Geometry::segments_intersect(ai, bi, aj, bj) &&
+                ai.distance_to(bi) + aj.distance_to(bj) - ai.distance_to(aj) - bi.distance_to(bj) > SCALED_EPSILON)
+                ++count;
+        }
+    }
+    return count;
+}
+
+// Exhaustive best-improvement 2-opt: each pass tests every pair of edges and applies the move with the largest
+// gain, the first (i, j) on a tie. tsp_2opt_improve must make the same moves.
+static bool exhaustive_2opt(std::vector<size_t>& path, const Points& centers, int max_passes)
+{
+    size_t pn = path.size();
+    if (pn <= 2) return false;
+    std::vector<double> el(pn), elsq(pn);
+    auto recompute = [&]() {
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < pn; ++i) {
+            el[i]   = (centers[path[i]].cast<double>() - centers[path[(i + 1) % pn]].cast<double>()).norm();
+            elsq[i] = (centers[path[i]].cast<double>() - centers[path[(i + 1) % pn]].cast<double>()).squaredNorm();
+        }
+    };
+    recompute();
+    bool improved = false;
+    for (int pass = 0; max_passes <= 0 || pass < max_passes; ++pass) {
+        size_t best_i = pn, best_j = pn;
+        double best_gain = 0;
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < pn; ++i) {
+            const Vec2d pi   = centers[path[i]].cast<double>();
+            const Vec2d p_in = centers[path[(i + 1) % pn]].cast<double>();
+            for (size_t j = i + 2; j < pn; ++j) {
+                size_t j_next = (j + 1) % pn;
+                if (i == 0 && j_next == 0) continue;
+                const Vec2d pj   = centers[path[j]].cast<double>();
+                const Vec2d p_jn = centers[path[j_next]].cast<double>();
+                double new_a_sq = (pj - pi).squaredNorm();
+                double new_b_sq = (p_jn - p_in).squaredNorm();
+                if (new_a_sq >= elsq[i] && new_b_sq >= elsq[j]) continue;
+                double new_a = std::sqrt(new_a_sq);
+                double new_b = std::sqrt(new_b_sq);
+                double gain = el[i] + el[j] - new_a - new_b;
+                if (gain > best_gain) {
+                    best_gain = gain;
+                    best_i = i; best_j = j;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if (best_i == pn) break;
+        improved = true;
+        std::reverse(path.begin() + best_i + 1, path.begin() + best_j + 1);
+        recompute();
+    }
+    return improved;
+}
+
 static bool is_permutation(const std::vector<size_t>& path, size_t n)
 {
     if (path.size() != n) return false;
@@ -122,6 +195,42 @@ TEST_CASE("tsp_2opt_improve reduces path length", "[TSPPostProcessing]") {
     CHECK(after <= before);
 }
 
+TEST_CASE("tsp_2opt_improve makes the same moves as an exhaustive best-improvement scan", "[TSPPostProcessing]") {
+    // 300 points in a 170000-unit square: random on a 1000-unit grid like island centroids snapped to 1 mm (many
+    // share a position or a line), random at full resolution, or a 20 x 15 lattice with a 1000-unit pitch, whose
+    // congruent cells give many moves exactly the same gain. The coordinates are small enough that every squared
+    // distance is an exact double, so both implementations compute bit-identical gains even where the compiler
+    // fuses multiply-adds. The tour is either the nearest-neighbour tour the island ordering starts from, or the
+    // input order, whose long edges make every radius query large. Both the default pass cap and an uncapped run
+    // to a 2-opt local optimum are compared.
+    enum class Layout { Snapped, Fine, Lattice };
+    const Layout layout  = GENERATE(Layout::Snapped, Layout::Fine, Layout::Lattice);
+    const bool nn_tour   = GENERATE(true, false);
+    const int max_passes = GENERATE(10, 0);
+    std::mt19937 rng(GENERATE(1u, 2u));
+    Points centers;
+    for (int i = 0; i < 300; ++i) {
+        if (layout == Layout::Lattice) {
+            centers.emplace_back(coord_t(i % 20) * 1000, coord_t(i / 20) * 1000);
+        } else {
+            const coord_t x = layout == Layout::Snapped ? coord_t(rng() % 171) * 1000 : coord_t(rng() % 170001);
+            const coord_t y = layout == Layout::Snapped ? coord_t(rng() % 171) * 1000 : coord_t(rng() % 170001);
+            centers.emplace_back(x, y);
+        }
+    }
+    std::vector<size_t> path(centers.size());
+    if (nn_tour)
+        path = chain_points(centers);
+    else
+        std::iota(path.begin(), path.end(), size_t(0));
+
+    std::vector<size_t> expected = path;
+    REQUIRE(exhaustive_2opt(expected, centers, max_passes));
+
+    CHECK(tsp_2opt_improve(path, centers, max_passes));
+    CHECK(path == expected);
+}
+
 TEST_CASE("tsp_remove_crossings eliminates crossings", "[TSPPostProcessing]") {
     Points centers = make_random_16();
     std::vector<size_t> path(centers.size());
@@ -136,6 +245,76 @@ TEST_CASE("tsp_remove_crossings eliminates crossings", "[TSPPostProcessing]") {
     REQUIRE(is_permutation(path, centers.size()));
 }
 
+TEST_CASE("tsp_remove_crossings leaves a tour alone when no reversal shortens it", "[TSPPostProcessing]") {
+    // Three points on a diagonal, the middle one doubled as island centroids snapped to the same 1 mm cell are,
+    // and a corner closing the tour. Edges 0-1 and 2-3 touch at the doubled point, and reversing between them
+    // only swaps the two copies.
+    Points centers;
+    centers.emplace_back(0, 0);
+    centers.emplace_back(3000000, 3000000);
+    centers.emplace_back(3000000, 3000000);
+    centers.emplace_back(6000000, 6000000);
+    centers.emplace_back(6000000, 0);
+    std::vector<size_t> path = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4};
+    REQUIRE(Geometry::segments_intersect(centers[0], centers[1], centers[2], centers[3]));
+
+    CHECK(!tsp_remove_crossings(path, centers));
+    CHECK(path == std::vector<size_t>{0, 1, 2, 3, 4});
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("tsp_remove_crossings keeps a crossing whose reversal gains less than SCALED_EPSILON", "[TSPPostProcessing]") {
+    // Two 100 mm edges crossing at a 10 nm offset: uncrossing them saves about 1e-6 scaled units of travel.
+    Points centers;
+    centers.emplace_back(0, 0);
+    centers.emplace_back(100000000, 10);
+    centers.emplace_back(100000000, 0);
+    centers.emplace_back(0, 10);
+    std::vector<size_t> path = {0, 1, 2, 3};
+    REQUIRE(Geometry::segments_intersect(centers[0], centers[1], centers[2], centers[3]));
+
+    CHECK(!tsp_remove_crossings(path, centers));
+    CHECK(path == std::vector<size_t>{0, 1, 2, 3});
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("tsp_remove_crossings reverses overlapping collinear edges when that shortens the tour", "[TSPPostProcessing]") {
+    // Points at x = 0, 3, 1 and 2 mm on one line. Tour 0-3-1-2 is 8 mm long, and its edges [0,3] and [1,2] overlap.
+    // The shortest tour through points on a line is twice their 3 mm span.
+    Points centers;
+    centers.emplace_back(0, 0);
+    centers.emplace_back(3000000, 0);
+    centers.emplace_back(1000000, 0);
+    centers.emplace_back(2000000, 0);
+    std::vector<size_t> path = {0, 1, 2, 3};
+    REQUIRE_THAT(tsp_cycle_path_length(path, centers), Catch::Matchers::WithinAbs(8000000., 1.));
+
+    CHECK(tsp_remove_crossings(path, centers));
+    REQUIRE(is_permutation(path, centers.size()));
+    CHECK_THAT(tsp_cycle_path_length(path, centers), Catch::Matchers::WithinAbs(6000000., 1.));
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("tsp_remove_crossings leaves no shortening crossing in a tour of thousands of grid-snapped points", "[TSPPostProcessing]") {
+    // 4000 island centroids on a 170 mm plate, snapped to 1 mm as GCode::process_layer does, so many of them share
+    // a position or a line. The nearest-neighbour tour the island ordering starts from has crossings to remove.
+    std::mt19937 rng(GENERATE(1u, 2u, 3u));
+    Points centers;
+    for (int i = 0; i < 4000; ++i) {
+        const double x = double(rng() % 171);
+        const double y = double(rng() % 171);
+        centers.push_back(Point::new_scale(x, y));
+    }
+    std::vector<size_t> path = chain_points(centers);
+    const size_t first = path.front();
+    const double length_before = tsp_cycle_path_length(path, centers);
+    REQUIRE(count_shortening_crossings(path, centers) > 0);
+
+    CHECK(tsp_remove_crossings(path, centers));
+    REQUIRE(is_permutation(path, centers.size()));
+    CHECK(count_shortening_crossings(path, centers) == 0);
+    CHECK(tsp_cycle_path_length(path, centers) < length_before);
+    // Callers that start the tour near a given point rely on the first node staying in place.
+    CHECK(path.front() == first);
+}
+
 
 
 TEST_CASE("tsp_rotate_minimize_closing shortens closing edge", "[TSPPostProcessing]") {

tests/libslic3r/test_preset_bundle_loading.cpp

@@ -8417,58 +8417,3 @@ TEST_CASE("An empty choice list in a G-code's settings keeps the value it had be
     CHECK(config.opt_serialize("nozzle_volume_type") == "High Flow");
     CHECK(config.option<ConfigOptionStrings>("filament_multi_colour")->values.empty());
 }
-
-TEST_CASE("A disabled filament override is saved and reloaded column by column", "[Preset][Bundle]")
-{
-    ScopedPresetDataDir data_dir;
-    PresetBundle        bundle;
-
-    Preset &parent = add_inmemory_preset(bundle.filaments, "Parent PLA @System");
-    parent.config.option<ConfigOptionStrings>("filament_extruder_variant", true)->values = { "Direct Drive Standard", "Direct Drive High Flow" };
-    parent.config.option<ConfigOptionPercentsNullable>("filament_retract_before_wipe", true)->values = { 100., 100. };
-    parent.config.option<ConfigOptionFloatsNullable>("filament_flow_ratio", true)->values = { 1., 1. };
-
-    // The child turns the override off on the first variant and changes a plain option on the second.
-    const fs::path file = data_dir.tmp.path() / PRESET_FILAMENT_NAME / "Child PLA.json";
-    Preset         child(Preset::TYPE_FILAMENT, "Child PLA");
-    child.file    = file.string();
-    child.version = *Semver::parse("1.0.0");
-    child.config  = parent.config;
-    child.config.option<ConfigOptionString>(BBL_JSON_KEY_INHERITS, true)->value = parent.name;
-    child.config.option<ConfigOptionPercentsNullable>("filament_retract_before_wipe")->set_at_to_nil(0);
-    child.config.option<ConfigOptionFloatsNullable>("filament_flow_ratio")->values = { 1., 1.1 };
-    REQUIRE(child.save(&parent.config));
-
-    // On disk the override keeps every column, so its nil can only mean "off"; a plain
-    // option still stores nil for the columns that match the parent.
-    DynamicPrintConfig                 saved;
-    std::map<std::string, std::string> key_values;
-    std::string                        reason;
-    saved.load_from_json(file.string(), ForwardCompatibilitySubstitutionRule::EnableSilent, key_values, reason);
-    REQUIRE(reason.empty());
-    CHECK(saved.opt_serialize("filament_retract_before_wipe") == "nil,100%");
-    CHECK(saved.opt_serialize("filament_flow_ratio") == "nil,1.1");
-
-    PresetsConfigSubstitutions substitutions;
-    bundle.filaments.load_presets(data_dir.tmp.path().string(), PRESET_FILAMENT_NAME, substitutions,
-                                  ForwardCompatibilitySubstitutionRule::EnableSilent);
-    const Preset *loaded = bundle.filaments.find_preset("Child PLA");
-    REQUIRE(loaded != nullptr);
-    CHECK(loaded->config.opt_serialize("filament_retract_before_wipe") == "nil,100%");
-    CHECK(loaded->config.opt_serialize("filament_flow_ratio") == "1,1.1");
-}
-
-TEST_CASE("The cloud diff force-emits a disabled override only where the cloud would fill a value in", "[Preset][Bundle]")
-{
-    PresetBundle bundle;
-    add_inmemory_preset(bundle.filaments, "Parent PLA @System");
-    Preset &child = add_inmemory_preset(bundle.filaments, "Child PLA", "Parent PLA @System");
-    // Every override is nil in both parent and child, so none is in the plain diff.
-    std::map<std::string, std::string> key_values;
-    REQUIRE(bundle.filaments.get_differed_values_to_update(child, key_values) >= 0);
-    // Retract Before Wipe defaults to 100%: an absent key would come back as 100%, so nil is sent.
-    CHECK(key_values.count("filament_retract_before_wipe") == 1);
-    CHECK(key_values["filament_retract_before_wipe"] == "nil");
-    // An ironing override defaults to nil: an absent key stays nil, so it is not sent.
-    CHECK(key_values.count("filament_ironing_flow") == 0);
-}

tests/slic3rutils/test_plugin_audit.cpp

@@ -1,48 +1,22 @@
 #include <boost/filesystem/path.hpp>
 #include <boost/filesystem/operations.hpp>
-#include <boost/system/error_code.hpp>
 #include <catch2/catch_all.hpp>
 
 #include <libslic3r/Utils.hpp>
 #include <libslic3r/libslic3r.h>         // GCODEVIEWER_APP_KEY, SLIC3R_APP_KEY (via libslic3r_version.h)
 #include <slic3r/plugin/PluginAuditManager.hpp>
-#include <slic3r/plugin/PluginFsUtils.hpp>
-#include <slic3r/plugin/PluginManager.hpp>
-#include <slic3r/plugin/PythonInterpreter.hpp>
-#include <slic3r/plugin/PythonPluginBridge.hpp>
-#include <slic3r/plugin/PythonPluginInterface.hpp>
-#include <slic3r/Utils/IPrinterAgent.hpp>
 #include <slic3r/Utils/OrcaCloudServiceAgent.hpp> // secret_constants::USER_SECRET_FILENAME
 
-#include <catch2/catch_message.hpp>
 #include <catch2/catch_test_macros.hpp>
-#include <catch2/matchers/catch_matchers.hpp>
-#include <catch2/matchers/catch_matchers_string.hpp>
 #include "libslic3r_version.h"
 #include "plugin_test_utils.hpp"
-#include "test_utils.hpp"
 
 #include <boost/filesystem.hpp>
-#include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
-#include <pybind11/cast.h>
-#include <pybind11/embed.h>
-#include <pybind11/eval.h>
-#include <pybind11/gil.h>
-#include <pybind11/pybind11.h>
-#include <pybind11/pytypes.h>
-#include <pybind11/stl.h>
 
-#include <fstream>
-#include <functional>
-#include <ios>
-#include <memory>
 #include <string>
-#include <utility>
-#include <vector>
 
 using namespace Slic3r;
 namespace fs = boost::filesystem;
-namespace py = pybind11;
 
 namespace {
 
@@ -375,747 +349,3 @@ TEST_CASE("Plugin audit a scoped root can also be registered read-only", "[audit
         CHECK_FALSE(mgr.check_open((readonly_dir / "vendor.json").string(), "w").allowed);
     }
 }
-
-// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// The audit hook, run in the embedded interpreter
-// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-//
-// Each TEST_CASE runs in its own process (catch_discover_tests), so each brings the plugin system
-// up with the audit hook installed, once, and shuts it down at the end. The tests loop over their
-// cases instead of using SECTIONs, which would restart the interpreter for every section.
-
-namespace {
-
-// Discovered, never loaded: the hook only needs the plugin's root and its sidecar.
-const char* const AUDIT_PLUGIN_SOURCE = R"PY(# /// script
-# requires-python = ">=3.12"
-#
-# [tool.orcaslicer.plugin]
-# name = "Audit Plugin"
-# description = "Plugin audit hook fixture"
-# author = "OrcaSlicer"
-# version = "1.0"
-# type = "script"
-# ///
-)PY";
-
-// A third-party library, installed outside the stdlib and outside the plugin.
-const char* const LIBRARY_SOURCE = R"PY(
-import socket
-import urllib.request
-
-def read_all(paths):
-    for path in paths:
-        with open(path) as f:
-            f.read()
-
-def connect_from_host(port):
-    socket.gethostname()
-    socket.create_connection(("127.0.0.1", port)).close()
-
-def fetch(url):
-    with urllib.request.urlopen(url) as response:
-        return response.read()
-
-def fetch_each(urls):
-    for url in urls:
-        yield fetch(url)
-
-class ReadingHandler(urllib.request.BaseHandler):
-    """Reads a file while each response is processed."""
-    def __init__(self, path):
-        self.path = path
-        self.outcome = None
-
-    def http_response(self, request, response):
-        try:
-            open(self.path).close()
-            self.outcome = "ok"
-        except PermissionError:
-            self.outcome = "denied"
-        return response
-)PY";
-
-// Test-side Python, run outside any plugin context: files outside every allowed root, a local
-// HTTP server, the library, and every module the tests use imported up front, so that no import
-// happens inside a plugin context. Code from exec() runs as "<string>", which is not stdlib, so
-// attempt() and fetch() stand in for plugin code.
-const char* const AUDIT_SETUP = R"PY(
-import http.client, http.server, os, pathlib, shutil, socket, subprocess, sys, tempfile, threading
-import urllib.request, zipfile
-if os.name != "nt":
-    import pty
-
-APPROVED = os.path.join(OUTSIDE, "approved.txt")
-PRIVATE = os.path.join(OUTSIDE, "private.txt")
-MISSING = os.path.join(OUTSIDE, "missing")
-TREE = os.path.join(OUTSIDE, "tree")
-TRUE_COMMAND = ["cmd", "/c", "exit 0"] if os.name == "nt" else ["true"]
-for path in (APPROVED, PRIVATE):
-    with open(path, "w") as f:
-        f.write("x")
-for sub in ("one", "two"):
-    os.makedirs(os.path.join(TREE, sub))
-    with open(os.path.join(TREE, sub, "f.txt"), "w") as f:
-        f.write("x")
-
-LIBRARY = os.path.join(OUTSIDE, "library")
-os.makedirs(LIBRARY)
-with open(os.path.join(LIBRARY, "netlib.py"), "w") as f:
-    f.write(LIBRARY_SOURCE)
-sys.path.insert(0, LIBRARY)
-import netlib
-
-class Handler(http.server.BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
-    def do_GET(self):
-        if self.path == "/redirect":
-            self.send_response(302)
-            self.send_header("Location", URL_B)
-            body = b""
-        else:
-            self.send_response(200)
-            body = b"ok"
-        self.send_header("Content-Length", str(len(body)))
-        self.end_headers()
-        self.wfile.write(body)
-
-    def log_message(self, *args):
-        pass
-
-server = http.server.ThreadingHTTPServer(("127.0.0.1", 0), Handler)
-threading.Thread(target=server.serve_forever, daemon=True).start()
-PORT = server.server_address[1]
-BASE = "http://127.0.0.1:%d" % PORT
-URL_A, URL_B, URL_REDIRECT = BASE + "/a", BASE + "/b", BASE + "/redirect"
-urllib.request.install_opener(urllib.request.build_opener(urllib.request.ProxyHandler({})))
-
-def fetch(url):
-    with urllib.request.urlopen(url) as response:
-        return response.read()
-
-fetch(URL_A)  # urllib imports some modules on its first request
-
-def attempt(action):
-    try:
-        action()
-        return "ok"
-    except PermissionError:
-        return "denied"
-
-def spawn_checked(argv):
-    parent = os.getpid()
-    try:
-        return pty.spawn(argv)
-    finally:
-        if os.getpid() != parent:
-            os._exit(1)  # a child whose exec was refused must not go on running the tests
-
-finalizer_outcomes = []
-
-class TrackedRequest(urllib.request.Request):
-    def __del__(self):
-        finalizer_outcomes.append(attempt(lambda: open(PRIVATE).close()))
-)PY";
-
-struct Prompt
-{
-    std::string              plugin;
-    std::string              event;
-    std::vector<std::string> targets;
-};
-
-// One line per prompt, "event: target ...", so a failed check shows every prompt.
-std::string describe(const std::vector<Prompt>& prompts)
-{
-    std::string text;
-    for (const Prompt& prompt : prompts) {
-        text += prompt.event + ":";
-        for (const std::string& target : prompt.targets)
-            text += " " + target;
-        text += "\n";
-    }
-    return text;
-}
-
-// The plugin system with the audit hook installed, and the permission dialog replaced by a
-// recorder that answers with `approve`. Declare it first in a test, so it is destroyed last.
-struct AuditHarness
-{
-    // Before initialize(): the interpreter creates {data_dir}/python/packages and {data_dir}/log.
-    // data_dir() is a global allowed root from then on, so the test files live in `outside`.
-    ScopedDataDir                      data{"plugin-audit-hook"};
-    bool                               initialized = PluginManager::instance().initialize();
-    ScopedTemporaryDir                 outside{"orca-plugin-audit-outside"};
-    std::vector<Prompt>                prompts;
-    std::function<bool(const Prompt&)> approve = [](const Prompt&) { return false; };
-
-    AuditHarness()
-    {
-        PluginAuditManager::set_permission_prompt_for_testing(
-            [this](const std::string& event, const std::vector<std::string>& targets) {
-                prompts.push_back({PluginAuditManager::instance().current_plugin(), event, targets});
-                return approve(prompts.back());
-            });
-    }
-
-    ~AuditHarness()
-    {
-        PluginAuditManager::set_permission_prompt_for_testing(nullptr);
-        PluginManager::instance().shutdown();
-        PythonInterpreter::instance().shutdown();
-    }
-
-    // Call before taking the GIL: discovery is not Python work.
-    void add_plugin(const std::string& key)
-    {
-        const fs::path root = data.plugins_dir() / key;
-        fs::create_directories(root);
-        std::ofstream((root / (key + ".py")).string(), std::ios::binary) << AUDIT_PLUGIN_SOURCE;
-        save_permissions(key, {});
-        PluginManager::instance().discover_plugins(/*async=*/false, /*clear=*/true);
-    }
-
-    // Grants as if saved in an earlier session.
-    void save_permissions(const std::string& key, const PluginPermissions& permissions)
-    {
-        PluginInstallState state;
-        state.installed_from    = "local";
-        state.installed_version = "1.0";
-        state.plugin_name       = key;
-        state.permissions       = permissions;
-        REQUIRE(write_install_state(data.plugins_dir() / key, state));
-    }
-
-    PluginPermissions saved_permissions(const std::string& key) const
-    {
-        PluginInstallState state;
-        read_install_state(data.plugins_dir() / key, state);
-        return state.permissions;
-    }
-};
-
-// The test-side Python globals. Construct and destroy it with the GIL held; it stops the HTTP
-// server before the interpreter shuts down.
-struct PythonSide
-{
-    py::dict globals;
-
-    explicit PythonSide(const AuditHarness& harness)
-    {
-        globals["OUTSIDE"]        = harness.outside.path().string();
-        globals["LIBRARY_SOURCE"] = LIBRARY_SOURCE;
-        exec(AUDIT_SETUP);
-    }
-
-    // A Python error fails the test here, as text: an error_already_set left to propagate would
-    // outlive the interpreter the harness shuts down.
-    void exec(const char* code)
-    {
-        std::string error;
-        try {
-            py::exec(code, globals);
-        } catch (py::error_already_set& raised) {
-            error = raised.what();
-        }
-        if (!error.empty())
-            FAIL(error);
-    }
-
-    ~PythonSide()
-    {
-        try {
-            globals["server"].attr("shutdown")();
-            globals["server"].attr("server_close")();
-        } catch (...) {
-        }
-    }
-
-    std::string              str(const char* name) const { return py::str(globals[name]).cast<std::string>(); }
-    std::string              eval(const char* expression) const { return py::str(py::eval(expression, globals)).cast<std::string>(); }
-    std::vector<std::string> strings(const char* name) const { return globals[name].cast<std::vector<std::string>>(); }
-
-    // Runs `code` as `plugin_key`, as a trampoline call does: inside the caller's GIL, in an
-    // audit scope of its own.
-    void run_as(const std::string& plugin_key, const char* code)
-    {
-        ScopedPluginAuditContext audit(plugin_key);
-        exec(code);
-    }
-};
-
-PluginPermissions http_grants(std::vector<std::string> urls)
-{
-    PluginPermissions permissions;
-    permissions.network_http = std::move(urls);
-    return permissions;
-}
-
-const char* const PLUGIN = "AuditPlugin";
-
-} // namespace
-
-TEST_CASE("A saved request grant covers the request's own connection in a later session", "[audit][Python]")
-{
-    AuditHarness harness;
-    if (!harness.initialized)
-        SKIP("Bundled Python interpreter unavailable: " + PythonInterpreter::instance().last_error());
-    harness.add_plugin(PLUGIN);
-    py::gil_scoped_acquire gil;
-    PythonSide python(harness);
-    harness.save_permissions(PLUGIN, http_grants({python.str("URL_A")}));
-
-    python.run_as(PLUGIN, "outcome = attempt(lambda: fetch(URL_A))");
-
-    CHECK(python.str("outcome") == "ok");
-    CHECK(describe(harness.prompts).empty());
-}
-
-TEST_CASE("A saved request grant does not cover another URL or a redirect", "[audit][Python]")
-{
-    AuditHarness harness;
-    if (!harness.initialized)
-        SKIP("Bundled Python interpreter unavailable: " + PythonInterpreter::instance().last_error());
-    harness.add_plugin(PLUGIN);
-    py::gil_scoped_acquire gil;
-    PythonSide python(harness);
-    harness.save_permissions(PLUGIN, http_grants({python.str("URL_A"), python.str("URL_REDIRECT")}));
-
-    python.run_as(PLUGIN, R"PY(
-outcomes = [attempt(lambda: fetch(url)) for url in (URL_A, URL_B, URL_REDIRECT)]
-outcomes += [attempt(lambda: netlib.fetch(url)) for url in (URL_A, URL_B)]
-outcomes.append(attempt(lambda: list(netlib.fetch_each([URL_A, URL_B]))))
-)PY");
-
-    // The redirect target is asked for inside the approved redirecting request, and a library's
-    // wrapper or generator asks for the second URL as plain code does.
-    CHECK(python.strings("outcomes") == std::vector<std::string>{"ok", "denied", "denied", "ok", "denied", "denied"});
-    const std::string url_b = "urllib.Request: " + python.str("URL_B") + "\n";
-    CHECK(describe(harness.prompts) == url_b + url_b + url_b + url_b);
-}
-
-TEST_CASE("Code an approved operation calls back into is judged on its own", "[audit][Python]")
-{
-    AuditHarness harness;
-    if (!harness.initialized)
-        SKIP("Bundled Python interpreter unavailable: " + PythonInterpreter::instance().last_error());
-    harness.add_plugin(PLUGIN);
-    py::gil_scoped_acquire gil;
-    PythonSide python(harness);
-    python.exec(R"PY(
-CALLBACK_COPY = os.path.join(OUTSIDE, "callback-copy")
-handler = netlib.ReadingHandler(PRIVATE)
-handler_opener = urllib.request.build_opener(urllib.request.ProxyHandler({}), handler)
-walk_outcomes = []
-copy_outcomes = []
-
-def on_walk_error(error):
-    walk_outcomes.append(attempt(lambda: open(PRIVATE).close()))
-
-def copy_file(source, destination):
-    copy_outcomes.append(attempt(lambda: open(PRIVATE).close()))
-)PY");
-    PluginPermissions permissions = http_grants({python.str("URL_A")});
-    permissions.fs_read           = {python.str("APPROVED"), python.str("MISSING")};
-    permissions.fs_readwrite      = {python.str("TREE"), python.str("CALLBACK_COPY")};
-    harness.save_permissions(PLUGIN, permissions);
-
-    // A library handler that urllib calls while the approved request runs, the plugin's own
-    // os.walk error callback and copytree copy function (called once per file), and a library
-    // loop over a saved file and an unsaved one.
-    python.run_as(PLUGIN, R"PY(
-request_outcome = attempt(lambda: handler_opener.open(URL_A).read())
-for _ in os.walk(MISSING, onerror=on_walk_error):
-    pass
-shutil.copytree(TREE, CALLBACK_COPY, copy_function=copy_file)
-loop_outcome = attempt(lambda: netlib.read_all([APPROVED, PRIVATE]))
-)PY");
-
-    CHECK(python.str("request_outcome") == "ok");
-    CHECK(python.eval("handler.outcome") == "denied");
-    CHECK(python.strings("walk_outcomes") == std::vector<std::string>{"denied"});
-    CHECK(python.strings("copy_outcomes") == std::vector<std::string>{"denied", "denied"});
-    CHECK(python.str("loop_outcome") == "denied");
-    const std::string private_file = "open: " + python.str("PRIVATE") + "\n";
-    CHECK(describe(harness.prompts) == private_file + private_file + private_file + private_file + private_file);
-}
-
-TEST_CASE("A saved directory walk covers each directory it lists", "[audit][Python]")
-{
-    AuditHarness harness;
-    if (!harness.initialized)
-        SKIP("Bundled Python interpreter unavailable: " + PythonInterpreter::instance().last_error());
-    harness.add_plugin(PLUGIN);
-    py::gil_scoped_acquire gil;
-    PythonSide python(harness);
-    PluginPermissions permissions;
-    permissions.fs_read = {python.str("TREE"), python.str("APPROVED")};
-    harness.save_permissions(PLUGIN, permissions);
-
-    // The walk lists the tree's two subdirectories on later resumes, after the plugin's own
-    // audited reads in between. Abandoned walks leave frames whose generator is gone, which the
-    // next audited event lets go.
-    python.run_as(PLUGIN, R"PY(
-walked = []
-for root, dirs, files in os.walk(TREE):
-    walked.append(root)
-    open(APPROVED).close()
-globbed = list(pathlib.Path(TREE).glob("**/*"))
-
-abandoned = os.walk(TREE)
-next(abandoned)
-del abandoned
-open(APPROVED).close()
-for _ in pathlib.Path(TREE).glob("*"):
-    break
-open(APPROVED).close()
-)PY");
-
-    CHECK(py::len(python.globals["walked"]) == 3);
-    CHECK(py::len(python.globals["globbed"]) == 4);
-    CHECK(describe(harness.prompts).empty());
-}
-
-TEST_CASE("A freshly approved operation covers its nested events", "[audit][Python]")
-{
-    AuditHarness harness;
-    if (!harness.initialized)
-        SKIP("Bundled Python interpreter unavailable: " + PythonInterpreter::instance().last_error());
-    harness.add_plugin(PLUGIN);
-    py::gil_scoped_acquire gil;
-    PythonSide python(harness);
-
-    struct Case
-    {
-        const char* prompts;
-        const char* code;
-    };
-    // Each operation names targets no earlier one saved, so each is asked once. FsCreate and
-    // FsDelete grants are never saved, so those operations are asked every time. Only the
-    // expected prompts are approved, so a nested event left uncovered fails the operation.
-    std::vector<Case> cases = {
-        {"shutil.copytree", "shutil.copytree(TREE, os.path.join(OUTSIDE, 'copy'))"},
-        {"shutil.copyfile", "shutil.copyfile(APPROVED, os.path.join(OUTSIDE, 'copied.txt'))"},
-        {"shutil.move", "shutil.move(os.path.join(OUTSIDE, 'copied.txt'), os.path.join(OUTSIDE, 'moved.txt'))"},
-        {"shutil.copystat", "shutil.copystat(os.path.join(TREE, 'one', 'f.txt'), PRIVATE)"},
-        {"shutil.make_archive", "shutil.make_archive(os.path.join(OUTSIDE, 'archive'), 'zip', root_dir=TREE)"},
-        {"shutil.unpack_archive", "shutil.unpack_archive(os.path.join(OUTSIDE, 'archive.zip'), os.path.join(OUTSIDE, 'unpacked'))"},
-        {"pathlib.Path.glob", "list(pathlib.Path(TREE).glob('**/*'))"},
-        {"subprocess.Popen", "subprocess.run(TRUE_COMMAND, check=True)"},
-        {"tempfile.mkdtemp", "tempfile.mkdtemp(dir=OUTSIDE)"},
-        {"tempfile.mkstemp", "os.close(tempfile.mkstemp(dir=OUTSIDE)[0])"},
-        {"shutil.rmtree", "shutil.rmtree(os.path.join(OUTSIDE, 'copy'))"},
-        // send() runs after connect() has returned, so its own grant is asked once.
-        {"http.client.connect\nhttp.client.send",
-         "connection = http.client.HTTPConnection('127.0.0.1', PORT)\n"
-         "connection.request('GET', '/a')\n"
-         "connection.getresponse().read()\n"
-         "connection.close()"},
-    };
-#ifndef _WIN32
-    cases.push_back({"os.fwalk", "list(os.fwalk(os.path.join(OUTSIDE, 'unpacked')))"});
-    // The forked child's exec is covered by the spawn too: had it prompted, the child's own
-    // denial would end it with status 1.
-    cases.push_back({"pty.spawn", "spawn_status = spawn_checked(TRUE_COMMAND + ['spawned'])"});
-#endif
-
-    for (const Case& operation : cases) {
-        INFO(operation.code);
-        const std::string expected = std::string(operation.prompts) + "\n";
-        harness.approve = [&expected](const Prompt& prompt) {
-            return expected.find(prompt.event + "\n") != std::string::npos;
-        };
-        harness.prompts.clear();
-        python.run_as(PLUGIN, operation.code);
-
-        std::string asked;
-        for (const Prompt& prompt : harness.prompts)
-            asked += (asked.empty() ? "" : "\n") + prompt.event;
-        CHECK(asked == operation.prompts);
-    }
-#ifndef _WIN32
-    CHECK(python.eval("spawn_status") == "0");
-#endif
-}
-
-TEST_CASE("An event with no target is granted by name and remembered", "[audit][Python]")
-{
-    AuditHarness harness;
-    if (!harness.initialized)
-        SKIP("Bundled Python interpreter unavailable: " + PythonInterpreter::instance().last_error());
-    harness.add_plugin(PLUGIN);
-    harness.approve = [](const Prompt& prompt) { return prompt.event != "socket.sendto"; };
-    py::gil_scoped_acquire gil;
-    PythonSide python(harness);
-
-    python.run_as(PLUGIN, R"PY(
-socket.socket().close()
-udp = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
-sendto_outcome = attempt(lambda: udp.sendto(b"x", ("127.0.0.1", 9)))
-udp.close()
-)PY");
-
-    // The socket is asked for once, without a target to show; the datagram's address is a target.
-    CHECK(python.str("sendto_outcome") == "denied");
-    CHECK(describe(harness.prompts) == "socket.__new__:\nsocket.sendto: ('127.0.0.1', 9)\n");
-    CHECK(harness.saved_permissions(PLUGIN).events == std::vector<std::string>{"Socket:socket.__new__"});
-    CHECK(harness.saved_permissions(PLUGIN).network_socket.empty());
-
-    harness.prompts.clear();
-    python.run_as(PLUGIN, "socket.socket().close()");
-    CHECK(describe(harness.prompts).empty());
-
-    // A grant for an event with no target covers nothing else: a library's approved
-    // gethostname() does not carry the connection it makes next.
-    harness.approve = [](const Prompt& prompt) { return prompt.event == "socket.gethostname"; };
-    python.run_as(PLUGIN, "connect_outcome = attempt(lambda: netlib.connect_from_host(PORT))");
-    CHECK(python.str("connect_outcome") == "denied");
-    CHECK(describe(harness.prompts) == "socket.gethostname:\nsocket.getaddrinfo: 127.0.0.1\n");
-    harness.prompts.clear();
-    harness.approve = [](const Prompt&) { return true; };
-
-#ifndef _WIN32
-    // sendmsg() without an address names no target either.
-    python.run_as(PLUGIN, R"PY(
-left, right = socket.socketpair()
-left.sendmsg([b"x"])
-left.close()
-right.close()
-)PY");
-    CHECK(describe(harness.prompts) == "socket.sendmsg:\n");
-    CHECK(harness.saved_permissions(PLUGIN).events ==
-          std::vector<std::string>{"Socket:socket.__new__", "Socket:socket.gethostname", "Socket:socket.sendmsg"});
-#endif
-}
-
-TEST_CASE("An event grant does not stand in for another access or a target of the same name", "[audit][Python]")
-{
-    AuditHarness harness;
-    if (!harness.initialized)
-        SKIP("Bundled Python interpreter unavailable: " + PythonInterpreter::instance().last_error());
-    harness.add_plugin(PLUGIN);
-    harness.approve = [asked = 0](const Prompt&) mutable { return asked++ == 0; };
-    py::gil_scoped_acquire gil;
-    PythonSide python(harness);
-    python.exec(R"PY(
-READ_FD = os.open(APPROVED, os.O_RDONLY)
-WRITE_FD = os.open(os.path.join(OUTSIDE, "scratch.txt"), os.O_WRONLY | os.O_CREAT)
-)PY");
-
-    // A file descriptor has no path to show or save: a granted read of one is not a write.
-    python.run_as(PLUGIN, R"PY(
-fd_outcomes = [attempt(lambda: open(READ_FD, "r", closefd=False).close()),
-               attempt(lambda: open(WRITE_FD, "w", closefd=False).close())]
-)PY");
-    CHECK(python.strings("fd_outcomes") == std::vector<std::string>{"ok", "denied"});
-    CHECK(describe(harness.prompts) == "open:\nopen:\n");
-    CHECK(harness.saved_permissions(PLUGIN).events == std::vector<std::string>{"FsRead:open"});
-
-    // A saved os.fork event grant is not an os.system command named "os.fork".
-    PluginPermissions permissions;
-    permissions.events = {"FsRead:open", "ProcessCreate:os.fork"};
-    harness.save_permissions(PLUGIN, permissions);
-    harness.prompts.clear();
-    python.run_as(PLUGIN, R"PY(
-reread_outcome = attempt(lambda: open(READ_FD, "r", closefd=False).close())
-system_outcome = attempt(lambda: os.system("os.fork"))
-os.close(READ_FD)
-os.close(WRITE_FD)
-)PY");
-    CHECK(python.str("reread_outcome") == "ok");
-    CHECK(python.str("system_outcome") == "denied");
-    REQUIRE(harness.prompts.size() == 1);
-    CHECK(harness.prompts.front().event == "os.system");
-    CHECK(harness.saved_permissions(PLUGIN).process.empty());
-}
-
-TEST_CASE("A finalizer run when a root frame is let go is judged as the plugin without a prompt", "[audit][Python]")
-{
-    AuditHarness harness;
-    if (!harness.initialized)
-        SKIP("Bundled Python interpreter unavailable: " + PythonInterpreter::instance().last_error());
-    harness.add_plugin(PLUGIN);
-    py::gil_scoped_acquire gil;
-    PythonSide python(harness);
-    PluginPermissions permissions = http_grants({python.str("URL_A")});
-    permissions.fs_read           = {python.str("APPROVED")};
-    harness.save_permissions(PLUGIN, permissions);
-    PluginAuditManager& mgr = PluginAuditManager::instance();
-
-    // Once the request returns, only its held frame keeps the request object alive, and the
-    // request's finalizer reads a file the plugin was never granted.
-    python.run_as(PLUGIN, "fetch(TrackedRequest(URL_A))");
-    CHECK(python.strings("finalizer_outcomes") == std::vector<std::string>{"denied"}); // at scope end
-    CHECK(describe(harness.prompts).empty());
-    CHECK_FALSE(mgr.audit_denial_pending());
-
-    python.exec("finalizer_outcomes.clear()");
-    python.run_as(PLUGIN, R"PY(
-fetch(TrackedRequest(URL_A))
-open(APPROVED).close()  # the next event lets the returned request's frame go
-outcomes_before_scope_end = list(finalizer_outcomes)
-)PY");
-    CHECK(python.strings("outcomes_before_scope_end") == std::vector<std::string>{"denied"});
-    CHECK(describe(harness.prompts).empty());
-
-    // The finalizer's denial during another event's decision leaves that event's own denial intact.
-    python.exec("finalizer_outcomes.clear()");
-    python.run_as(PLUGIN, R"PY(
-fetch(TrackedRequest(URL_A))
-try:
-    os.listdir(OUTSIDE)
-    outer_error = ""
-except PermissionError as error:
-    outer_error = str(error)
-)PY");
-    CHECK(python.strings("finalizer_outcomes") == std::vector<std::string>{"denied"});
-    CHECK_THAT(python.str("outer_error"), Catch::Matchers::ContainsSubstring("os.listdir"));
-    CHECK(describe(harness.prompts) == "os.listdir: " + python.str("OUTSIDE") + "\n");
-    AuditViolation violation;
-    REQUIRE(mgr.last_violation(violation));
-    CHECK(violation.event_name == "os.listdir");
-    CHECK(mgr.audit_denial_pending());
-}
-
-TEST_CASE("A nested audit scope does not see the outer scope's running operations", "[audit][Python]")
-{
-    AuditHarness harness;
-    if (!harness.initialized)
-        SKIP("Bundled Python interpreter unavailable: " + PythonInterpreter::instance().last_error());
-    harness.add_plugin("PluginA");
-    harness.add_plugin("PluginB");
-    py::gil_scoped_acquire gil;
-    PythonSide python(harness);
-    PluginPermissions permissions;
-    permissions.fs_read = {python.str("TREE")};
-    harness.save_permissions("PluginA", permissions);
-
-    {
-        // Two walks plugin A started and suspended after listing the tree itself.
-        ScopedPluginAuditContext plugin_a("PluginA");
-        python.exec("first = os.walk(TREE)\nnext(first)\nsecond = os.walk(TREE)\nnext(second)");
-        {
-            // Plugin B resuming one of them is asked for each subdirectory, as plugin B.
-            ScopedPluginAuditContext plugin_b("PluginB");
-            python.exec("listed_by_b = len(list(first))");
-        }
-        // Back in plugin A's scope, its walks are covered again.
-        python.exec("listed_by_a = len(list(second))");
-    }
-
-    CHECK(python.globals["listed_by_b"].cast<int>() == 0);
-    CHECK(python.globals["listed_by_a"].cast<int>() == 2);
-    REQUIRE(harness.prompts.size() == 2);
-    for (const Prompt& prompt : harness.prompts) {
-        CHECK(prompt.plugin == "PluginB");
-        CHECK(prompt.event == "os.scandir");
-    }
-}
-
-TEST_CASE("Root frames held when a capability call ends are let go with the GIL, as the plugin", "[audit][Python]")
-{
-    AuditHarness harness;
-    if (!harness.initialized)
-        SKIP("Bundled Python interpreter unavailable: " + PythonInterpreter::instance().last_error());
-    harness.approve = [](const Prompt& prompt) { return prompt.event == "os.walk"; };
-    py::gil_scoped_acquire gil;
-    PythonSide python(harness);
-    (void) PythonPluginBridge::instance(); // force the embedded module registration into the binary
-    python.globals["orca"] = py::module_::import("orca");
-
-    // walk_and_drop() leaves a returned walk's frame held by the audit scope alone, with a marker
-    // in its locals; the frame is let go when the capability call ends, which runs the marker's
-    // finalizer.
-    python.exec(R"PY(
-class Marker:
-    def __init__(self, action=None):
-        self.action = action
-    def __del__(self):
-        finalized.append(self.action() if self.action else "ran")
-
-finalized = []
-
-def walk_and_drop(marker):
-    walker = os.walk(TREE, onerror=marker)
-    next(walker)
-    del walker
-
-class ConfigCapability(orca.PythonPluginBase):
-    def get_name(self):
-        return "config_cap"
-    def get_default_config(self):
-        walk_and_drop(Marker())
-        return {"finalized_during_call": len(finalized)}
-    def has_config_ui(self):
-        walker = os.walk(TREE, onerror=Marker(lambda: attempt(lambda: open(PRIVATE).close())))
-        next(walker)
-        attempt(lambda: os.listdir(OUTSIDE))  # denied: the trampoline clears the plugin key
-        del walker  # the walk's frame is now held by the audit scope alone
-        raise RuntimeError("the capability fails after a denial")
-
-class TicketAgent(orca.printer_agent.PrinterAgentBase):
-    def get_name(self):
-        return "ticket_agent"
-    def request_bind_ticket(self):
-        walk_and_drop(Marker())
-        return (0, "ticket")
-)PY");
-
-    py::object config_instance = python.globals["ConfigCapability"]();
-    auto       config_cap      = config_instance.cast<std::shared_ptr<PluginCapabilityInterface>>();
-    config_cap->set_audit_plugin_key("GilPlugin");
-    config_cap->set_resolved_identity("config_cap", PluginCapabilityType::Script);
-
-    py::object agent_instance = python.globals["TicketAgent"]();
-    auto       agent_cap      = agent_instance.cast<std::shared_ptr<PluginCapabilityInterface>>();
-    agent_cap->set_audit_plugin_key("GilPlugin");
-    agent_cap->set_resolved_identity("ticket_agent", PluginCapabilityType::PrinterConnection);
-    auto agent = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<IPrinterAgent>(agent_cap);
-    REQUIRE(agent);
-
-    // A host call arrives without the GIL; both calls take it before their audit scope.
-    nlohmann::json config;
-    int            ticket_result = -1;
-    std::string    ticket;
-    {
-        py::gil_scoped_release released;
-        config        = config_cap->get_default_config();
-        ticket_result = agent->request_bind_ticket(&ticket);
-    }
-    CHECK(config == nlohmann::json{{"finalized_during_call", 0}});
-    CHECK(ticket_result == 0);
-    CHECK(ticket == "ticket");
-    CHECK(python.strings("finalized") == std::vector<std::string>{"ran", "ran"});
-
-    // On the trampoline's denial path the frame is let go as the plugin, though the ambient key
-    // was cleared: the finalizer's read is audited and denied without a prompt.
-    python.exec("finalized.clear()");
-    harness.prompts.clear();
-    CHECK_THROWS_AS(config_cap->has_config_ui(), py::error_already_set);
-    CHECK(python.strings("finalized") == std::vector<std::string>{"denied"});
-    CHECK(describe(harness.prompts) == "os.walk: " + python.str("TREE") + "\nos.listdir: " + python.str("OUTSIDE") + "\n");
-}
-
-TEST_CASE("Stdlib code is recognized through a symlinked Python home", "[audit][Python]")
-{
-    AuditHarness harness;
-    if (!harness.initialized)
-        SKIP("Bundled Python interpreter unavailable: " + PythonInterpreter::instance().last_error());
-    py::gil_scoped_acquire gil;
-
-    const py::dict paths   = py::module_::import("sysconfig").attr("get_paths")();
-    const fs::path stdlib  = py::str(paths["stdlib"]).cast<std::string>();
-    const fs::path purelib = py::str(paths["purelib"]).cast<std::string>();
-    const fs::path link    = harness.outside.path() / "linked-stdlib";
-    boost::system::error_code ec;
-    fs::create_directory_symlink(stdlib, link, ec);
-    if (ec)
-        SKIP("Cannot create a directory symlink here: " + ec.message());
-
-    CHECK(PluginAuditManager::is_stdlib_file((stdlib / "os.py").string()));
-    CHECK(PluginAuditManager::is_stdlib_file((link / "urllib" / "request.py").string()));
-    CHECK(PluginAuditManager::is_stdlib_file("<frozen os>"));
-    CHECK_FALSE(PluginAuditManager::is_stdlib_file((purelib / "requests" / "api.py").string()));
-    CHECK_FALSE(PluginAuditManager::is_stdlib_file((link / "site-packages" / "requests" / "api.py").string()));
-    CHECK_FALSE(PluginAuditManager::is_stdlib_file((harness.outside.path() / "plugin.py").string()));
-    CHECK_FALSE(PluginAuditManager::is_stdlib_file("<string>"));
-}