134 lines
6.5 KiB
Markdown
134 lines
6.5 KiB
Markdown
# insecam desk widget (LilyGO T-Embed)
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A little window onto the world's public webcams. The T-Embed's 320×170 IPS
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screen shows a random camera from [insecam.org](http://www.insecam.org) or
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[opentopia.com](https://www.opentopia.com) — as live MJPEG video where the
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camera streams it — and moves on to the next one every 20 seconds. The knob steps through cameras, the LED ring drains as the
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countdown runs. Everything happens on the ESP32-S3; no bridge or PC needed.
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Both sites list cameras that are reachable on the public internet without any
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password (opentopia leans towards harbours, ski slopes and campuses; insecam
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towards forgotten IP cams). The widget only ever does what a browser on those
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sites does: fetch a listing page, then fetch the camera's own snapshot/stream URL.
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## Hardware
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Either LilyGO T-Embed. The firmware tells them apart at boot by probing the I2C
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bus (ES7210 on the 2022 board, BQ27220/BQ25896/PN532 on the CC1101 board) and
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picks the matching pin map from `main/board.c`. Nothing beyond the board is
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needed: ESP32-S3R8, 16 MB flash, 8 MB PSRAM, ST7789 170×320, EC11 encoder,
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APA102 (×7) or WS2812 (×8) ring. Printable shells for the original board are in
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LilyGO's repo under
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[`Shell_file/`](https://github.com/Xinyuan-LilyGO/T-Embed/tree/master/Shell_file).
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## Build and flash
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Needs ESP-IDF 5.5 (on this machine: `. ~/esp/idf55-env.sh`).
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```sh
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idf.py set-target esp32s3
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idf.py build
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idf.py -p /dev/ttyACM0 flash monitor
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```
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The partition table keeps `nvs` where the ESPHome build that shipped on this
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unit had it (`0xf90000`), so stored Wi-Fi credentials survive re-flashing.
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First-boot defaults (interval, listing, brightness, forced variant) live under
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`idf.py menuconfig` → *insecam desk widget*; the on-device menu overrides them
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and stores its choices in NVS.
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## First boot / Wi-Fi
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With no saved network the widget opens the open hotspot **insecam-setup**;
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join it with a phone and the captive portal (or `http://192.168.4.1`) asks for
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your Wi-Fi. Holding the knob down while the widget starts forces the portal.
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## Controls
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| input | action |
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| --- | --- |
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| turn clockwise | next camera |
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| turn counter-clockwise | previous camera (history of 24) |
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| click | pause / resume the countdown (the live stream keeps playing) |
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| double-click | hide / show the caption |
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| hold | open the menu (hold again, or *Close*, to leave it) |
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In the menu: turn to move (the list wraps around), click to select or toggle,
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click a number to edit it (turn changes it, click confirms), hold to go back.
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Entries:
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* **Save as favourite / Remove from favourites** — the camera that was playing;
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saving asks for one of the 50 slots (it jumps to the first empty one; picking a used slot overwrites it).
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* **Favourites** — the saved cameras; click one to play it. A saved camera shows a
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yellow *FAV n* marker while it plays.
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* **Source** — *Random* draws from the sites, *Favourites* cycles the saved slots.
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* **Provider** — *insecam*, *opentopia* or *Mixed* (a random site per batch).
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* **Time per camera**, **Listing** (mixed / top rated / newest), **Screen
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brightness**, **Ring brightness**, **Caption**.
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* **Forget a favourite**, **Wi-Fi setup** (reboots into the hotspot), **Power
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off**, the board name with its IP, and the power source.
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*Power off* switches the peripheral rail off (screen, ring, codec) and puts the
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ESP32-S3 into deep sleep; turning the knob wakes it and it boots as normal. The
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encoder's push button is deliberately not a wake source: it is GPIO 0, and a
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press that is still held when the chip resets would land it in the ROM
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bootloader instead.
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The menu closes by itself after 45 s without input.
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## Battery
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The original board has no fuel gauge, only a 100 k/100 k divider on the supply
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rail (GPIO 4). On USB that rail sits at ~4.4 V (5 V minus a Schottky drop), so
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anything above 4.25 V is reported as *USB powered*; below that it is the cell
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voltage, turned into a rough percentage from a LiPo discharge table. While on
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battery the caption bar shows a small battery glyph with the percentage; on USB
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it stays out of the way. The CC1101 board's BQ27220 gauge is not supported.
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## LED ring
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| ring | meaning |
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| --- | --- |
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| white breathing | starting up |
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| purple breathing | waiting in the Wi-Fi setup hotspot |
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| blue dot running round | connecting to a camera |
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| teal, draining | countdown to the next camera |
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| amber, steady | paused |
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| red blinking | camera offline / insecam unreachable, skipping |
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| dim grey | menu open |
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## How it works
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* `insecam.c` fetches one listing page (`/en/byrating/` or `/en/bynew/`, random
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page) — six cameras per request, so insecam sees one hit every two minutes.
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* `opentopia.c` does the same for opentopia (`hiddencam.php`, rated or newest),
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then, just before a camera plays, reads its page in *Live Feed* mode for the
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camera's own MJPEG URL (or *Current Still* when there is no video). The site is
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HTTPS-only, so those pages go through `webpage.c` — `esp_http_client` with the
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certificate bundle — costing a TLS handshake (~0.7 s) per fetch.
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* `httpstream.c` is a small raw-socket HTTP client: `esp_http_client` gives up on
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bodies without `Content-Length`, which is exactly what MJPEG cameras send.
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* `jpegframe.c` pulls complete JPEG files out of the byte stream by walking the
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marker structure (so an EXIF thumbnail's EOI can't truncate a frame).
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* `jpegdec.c` decodes with Espressif's `esp_new_jpeg`, scaling inside the
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decoder to the smallest multiple-of-8 size that still covers the screen, then
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bilinear-resamples the remainder to a full-bleed 320×170 (≈100 ms for a
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1280×800 frame, so MJPEG streams play at a few fps).
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* `slideshow.c` runs the state machine: connect, play frames until the interval
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elapses or the knob moves, skip dead cameras, keep history for "previous".
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* `ui.c` is LVGL 9 via `esp_lvgl_port`: a canvas for the frame, a translucent
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caption bar, a LIVE/PAUSED badge, a hairline progress bar and a six-row menu page.
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* `settings.c` keeps the settings blob and the 50 favourite slots in NVS
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(namespace `widget`); `menu.c` is the knob-driven menu that edits them;
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`power.c` is the deep-sleep power-off with ext1 wake on the encoder pins.
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## License
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MIT — see [LICENSE](LICENSE). Pin maps come from LilyGO's
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[T-Embed](https://github.com/Xinyuan-LilyGO/T-Embed) and
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[T-Embed-PN532](https://github.com/Xinyuan-LilyGO/T-Embed-PN532) repositories
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(MIT). `esp_new_jpeg` is fetched from Espressif's component registry at build
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time under its own license.
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