* Add Optimized Gyroid infill (auto-tuned wavelength + amplitude)
New infill geometry derived from FillGyroid. Two parameters are
auto-computed per-region from density, line spacing, and layer height
(no user inputs):
omega = sqrt(density_adj) / sqrt(1 + layer_height/spacing)
clamped to [0.5, 2.0]
-- Euler-Bernoulli buckling: critical load ~ 1/L^2,
so shorter wavelength under higher load (denser infill)
raises buckling resistance.
amplitude = 0.55 / omega^2, clamped to [0.20, 0.65]
-- Curved-beam bending stress: peak stress ~ A * omega^2,
so amplitude is reduced as omega rises to keep peak
fiber stress bounded while preserving stiffness.
Files:
- src/libslic3r/Fill/FillOptimizedGyroid.{hpp,cpp} (new)
- src/libslic3r/Fill/FillBase.cpp (factory case)
- src/libslic3r/Fill/Fill.cpp (switch case)
- src/libslic3r/Layer.cpp (switch case)
- src/libslic3r/PrintConfig.{hpp,cpp} (enum + label)
- src/libslic3r/CMakeLists.txt (build sources)
User-facing: appears as "Optimized Gyroid" in the Fill Pattern dropdown.
Density still chosen by user; omega/amplitude are internal.
* Fix build: layer_height is in FillParams, not Fill base
* Add ipOptimizedGyroid to multiline infill list in ConfigManipulation
* Refactor: replace ipOptimizedGyroid enum with gyroid_optimized boolean
Per @RF47's review feedback, fold the optimized wave math into FillGyroid
itself behind a per-region boolean instead of a separate infill enum.
What changes:
- New ConfigOptionBool "gyroid_optimized" on PrintRegionConfig (default
false). When unchecked, gyroid behavior is byte-identical to before.
- Optimized wave math (compute_omega_factor, compute_amplitude_factor,
f_opt, make_*_opt, make_optimized_gyroid_waves) lives inside
FillGyroid.cpp. _fill_surface_single branches on params.gyroid_optimized.
- FillParams gains a bool gyroid_optimized field, populated in Fill.cpp
from region_config alongside fill_multiline.
- UI checkbox added under Strength > Infill in Tab.cpp, label
"Optimize gyroid wave (experimental)". Toggle is hidden by
ConfigManipulation when sparse_infill_pattern != ipGyroid.
- "gyroid_optimized" added to s_Preset_print_options for preset I/O.
What goes away:
- ipOptimizedGyroid enum value, factory case, switch cases, dropdown
label, string key.
- FillOptimizedGyroid.cpp / FillOptimizedGyroid.hpp (math moved into
FillGyroid.cpp).
- Net diff drops by ~250 lines.
Existing profiles using gyroid are unaffected.
* Wire gyroid_optimized through SurfaceFillParams to FillParams
Linux build failed because line 921 in Fill.cpp populates a
SurfaceFillParams (the dedup struct), not FillParams directly.
Add the field there, in operator< / operator==, and copy it to
FillParams at both conversion sites.
* Use toggle_line for gyroid_optimized: hide row when pattern != gyroid
* Account for multiline wall thickness in omega correction (per @RF47)
When fill_multiline = N, each gyroid wall is N lines thick, so the
geometric scale fed into the buckling correction term should be
spacing * N rather than spacing. Increases omega (tighter wavelength)
when multiline is enabled, consistent with the thicker wall being
more buckling-resistant.
* Optimized gyroid via marching squares on the implicit scalar field
Per @RF47 review: replace the analytical f_opt / make_one_period_opt
wave generator (which had visible kinks at vertical-horizontal
transitions) with a marching-squares iso-extraction on the gyroid
scalar field, modeled on FillTpmsFK.cpp.
- New marchsq::GyroidField in FillGyroid.cpp evaluates
F(x,y,z) = sin(fx*x)cos(fy*y) + sin(fy*y)cos(fz*z) + sin(fz*z)cos(fx*x)
where fx = omega * baseline (anisotropic in x), fy = fz = baseline.
- get_gyroid_polylines() runs marching squares at iso=0 and converts
rings to polylines.
- _fill_surface_single() optimized branch now builds GyroidField,
runs marching squares, and skips the bb.min translate (field
output is already in absolute coords).
- Dropped: f_opt, make_one_period_opt, make_wave_opt,
make_optimized_gyroid_waves, compute_amplitude_factor. Amplitude
has no clean analog in iso-zero extraction.
- Standard (non-optimized) gyroid path unchanged.
* Mass calibration: compensate period by cbrt(omega) for x-anisotropic field
Per @RF47: optimized vs standard gyroid had different masses at the
same sparse_infill_density setting. Cause: scaling fx by omega while
leaving fy=fz at the baseline raised the surface-area-to-volume ratio
by approximately omega^(1/3) (the geometric mean of the three
frequencies).
Fix: multiply the base period by cbrt(omega) so the geometric mean of
(fx, fy, fz) returns to the standard baseline. Net effect:
fx = omega^(2/3) * baseline_orig
fy = fz = omega^(-1/3) * baseline_orig
which preserves total mass at the same density setting while
preserving the load-direction anisotropy this PR introduces.
* Switch optimized gyroid anisotropy from X to Z (per @RF47)
Z is the typical compression-load axis for FFF parts and is not at
delamination risk under compression — so the dominant failure mode
is column buckling of the vertical strands themselves. Tightening
fz directly shortens the effective vertical strand length, which
improves Z-axis buckling resistance.
Mass calibration via cbrt(omega) period compensation still applies
(scaling exactly one of three frequencies by omega; the geometric-
mean preservation argument is symmetric across axes).
* Update src/slic3r/GUI/Tab.cpp
Co-authored-by: Rodrigo Faselli <162915171+RF47@users.noreply.github.com>
* Address review feedback (Copilot + @RF47)
- Fill.cpp: gate params.gyroid_optimized on (params.pattern == ipGyroid)
so non-gyroid surfaces don't differ in SurfaceFillParams by an
irrelevant flag (would unnecessarily split fill batching).
[Copilot suggestion, RF47 confirmed correct]
- PrintConfig.cpp: drop "amplitude" from the tooltip; only wavelength
is parameterized (the marching-squares iso=0 extraction is invariant
to a uniform field scale, so amplitude has no effect).
- FillBase.hpp: shorten gyroid_optimized comment to match the actual
carried state (no amplitude term).
- FillGyroid.cpp: shorten the marchsq namespace comment block; the
ODR concern was overstated (FillTpmsFK uses the same pattern fine).
* Drop redundant marchsq bb expansion (Copilot)
bb is already offset by 10 * scale_(spacing) above for edge-artifact
margin; the second offset on bb_field doubled the raster area for no
geometric benefit and hurt CPU time on large parts.
* Update src/slic3r/GUI/Tab.cpp
Co-authored-by: Ian Bassi <ian.bassi@outlook.com>
* Fix density mismatch + rename to Z-buckling bias optimization
Issue (per @ianalexis): at the same sparse_infill_density setting,
the optimized branch produced denser fill than standard. Verified via
Python sim (sim_gyroid_compare.py) using marching squares on the
implicit field across multiple z slices.
Root cause: the omega formula was inverted from the buckling-physics
intent. The naive sqrt(density_adj) factor produced omega < 1 at
typical print densities (10-30%), which LENGTHENED the Z wavelength
instead of shortening it -- net loss in both mass and strength.
Fix:
- compute_omega_factor: invert to sqrt(1 / density_adj), clamp to
[1.0, 2.0]. Now omega = 2.0 at low density (long strands need
most help) and clamps to 1.0 above ~30% density (no-op, since
standard gyroid is already short enough).
- Remove the cbrt(omega) period compensation. Empirically (sim
table embedded in FillGyroid.cpp comment) the inverted formula
keeps line length per area at ~1.000 of standard across all
densities with no period scaling needed.
Predicted gains (sim, Z-axis Euler buckling proxy):
density line/std strength/std
10% 1.000 2.84x
15% 1.000 1.89x
20% 1.000 1.42x
30%+ 1.000 1.00x (no-op)
Rename per @ianalexis: "Optimize gyroid wave" oversells (now no-op
above 30% density and Z-only). Renamed user-facing label to
"Z-buckling bias optimization (experimental)" with updated tooltip
that scopes to vertical compression and discloses the density cutoff.
Internal config key (gyroid_optimized) unchanged for diff size.
Real-world Instron compression tests at Brown's Prince Lab to follow.
---------
Co-authored-by: Rodrigo Faselli <162915171+RF47@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Ian Bassi <ian.bassi@outlook.com>
Co-authored-by: SoftFever <softfeverever@gmail.com>
* Infill Line Multiplier
* Modular Offset Function
* Lightning multiline
* Crosshatch Multiline
ipCrosshatch
* cleaning
Cleaning
clean2
* 3d Honeycomb
cut poliline ends
* Fill Tpmsd Multiline
Fill Tpmsd Multiline
* Update Multiline function
multiline funcion simplify
* Update FillTpmsD
* FillHoneycomb
* Update src/libslic3r/PrintConfig.cpp
Co-authored-by: Copilot <175728472+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
* Fix Honeycomb Multiline
Simplify polylines in honeycomb infill generation
* Improve multiline infill support and pattern simplification
Moved multiline infill application after pattern translation and simplification in Fill3DHoneycomb, and added multiline support to FillAdaptive. Updated honeycomb and 3D honeycomb infill to simplify polylines to 5x line width. Extended GUI and config to support multiline for Adaptive Cubic infill pattern and clarified max value comment.
minimum changes
Co-Authored-By: Ian Bassi <12130714+ianalexis@users.noreply.github.com>
* Increase multiline fill spacing in honeycomb infill
Adjusts the spacing parameter in the multiline_fill function to 1.1 times the original spacing, potentially improving infill distribution or print quality.
* Refine fill_multiline tooltip and pattern support logic
Updated the tooltip for the 'fill_multiline' parameter to improve clarity and punctuation. Refactored the logic in ConfigManipulation.cpp to clarify which infill patterns support multiline infill.
* better management of non supported infill patterns
---------
Co-authored-by: SoftFever <softfeverever@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Copilot <175728472+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Ian Bassi <ian.bassi@outlook.com>
Co-authored-by: Ian Bassi <12130714+ianalexis@users.noreply.github.com>
* Fix infill anchor missing
* Correctly process cases without fill lines in FillRectilinear::fill_surface_with_multilines()
* Fix infill anchor missing for several other infill patterns
* Fix infill anchor missing for rectilinear and aligned rectilinear infill pattern
---------
Co-authored-by: Noisyfox <timemanager.rick@gmail.com>
