Wiki Update 9 - Speed (#10173)

* Improve initial layer speed documentation

Expanded explanations for initial layer speed settings, including benefits of slower first layers, detailed descriptions for each speed parameter, and added an illustrative image for the 'number of slow layers' setting.

* Update Volumetric speed calib + images

* Update speed_settings_other_layers_speed.md

* Improved MVFS descriptions

Co-Authored-By: dewi-ny-je <2866139+dewi-ny-je@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-Authored-By: MxBrnr <142743732+mxbrnr@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-Authored-By: Rodrigo <162915171+RF47@users.noreply.github.com>

* Clarify bed temperature effects

* MVF images from 14 to 19

To match description

* Update temp-calib.md

* Expand and clarify temperature calibration guide

Added a standard temperature ranges table for common 3D printing materials, clarified and expanded sections on bed and chamber temperature, and improved formatting and tips for optimal print quality.

Co-Authored-By: dewi-ny-je <2866139+dewi-ny-je@users.noreply.github.com>

* Update links for acceleration and jerk settings

* Small perimeters

* Update speed_settings_other_layers_speed.md

* Add reference to ironing speed settings

* Update overhang speed

* Add travel speed illustration

* Update avoid crossing

* Update speed_settings_acceleration.md

* Update speed_settings_overhang_speed.md

* Update speed_settings_acceleration.md

* Update speed_settings_jerk_xy.md

* Update speed_settings_jerk_xy.md

* Update ERS documentation and replace images with PNGs

* Seam Aligned Back

* Copilot FIX

Co-Authored-By: Copilot <175728472+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>

---------

Co-authored-by: dewi-ny-je <2866139+dewi-ny-je@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: MxBrnr <142743732+mxbrnr@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Rodrigo <162915171+RF47@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Copilot <175728472+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>

doc/calibration/temp-calib.md

@@ -3,6 +3,27 @@
 In FDM 3D printing, the temperature is a critical factor that affects the quality of the print.
 There is no other calibration that can have such a big impact on the print quality as temperature calibration.
 
+- [Standard Temperature Ranges](#standard-temperature-ranges)
+- [Nozzle Temp tower](#nozzle-temp-tower)
+- [Bed Temperature](#bed-temperature)
+- [Chamber Temperature](#chamber-temperature)
+
+## Standard Temperature Ranges
+
+|   Material   | [Nozzle Temp (°C)](#nozzle-temp-tower) | [Bed Temp (°C)](#bed-temperature) | [Chamber Temp (°C)](#chamber-temperature) |
+|:------------:|:--------------------------------------:|:---------------------------------:|:-----------------------------------------:|
+| PLA          | 180-220                                | 50-60                             | Ambient                                   |
+| ABS          | 230-250                                | 90-100                            | 50-70                                     |
+| ASA          | 240-260                                | 90-100                            | 50-70                                     |
+| Nylon 6      | 230-260                                | 90-110                            | 70-100                                    |
+| Nylon 12     | 225-260                                | 90-110                            | 70-100                                    |
+| TPU          | 220-245                                | 40-60                             | Ambient                                   |
+| PC           | 270-310                                | 100-120                           | 80-100                                    |
+| PC-ABS       | 260-280                                | 95-110                            | 60-80                                     |
+| HIPS         | 220-250                                | 90-110                            | 50-70                                     |
+| PP           | 220-270                                | 80-105                            | 40-70                                     |
+| Acetal (POM) | 210-240                                | 100-130                           | 70-100                                    |
+
 ## Nozzle Temp tower
 
 Nozzle temperature is one of the most important settings to calibrate for a successful print. The temperature of the nozzle affects the viscosity of the filament, which in turn affects how well it flows through the nozzle and adheres to the print bed. If the temperature is too low, the filament may not flow properly, leading to under-extrusion, poor layer adhesion and stringing. If the temperature is too high, the filament may degrade, over-extrude and produce stringing.
@@ -11,21 +32,38 @@ Nozzle temperature is one of the most important settings to calibrate for a succ
 
 ![temp-tower_test_menu](https://github.com/SoftFever/OrcaSlicer/blob/main/doc/images/Temp-calib/temp-tower_test_menu.png?raw=true)
 
-Temp tower is a straightforward test. The temp tower is a vertical tower with multiple blocks, each printed at a different temperature. Once the print is complete, we can examine each block of the tower and determine the optimal temperature for the filament. The optimal temperature is the one that produces the highest quality print with the least amount of issues, such as stringing, layer adhesion, warping (overhang), and bridging.
+Temp tower is a straightforward test. The temp tower is a vertical tower with multiple blocks, each printed at a different temperature.  
+Once the print is complete, we can examine each block of the tower and determine the optimal temperature for the filament. The optimal temperature is the one that produces the highest quality print with the least amount of issues, such as stringing, layer adhesion, warping (overhang), and bridging.
 
 ![temp-tower](https://github.com/SoftFever/OrcaSlicer/blob/main/doc/images/Temp-calib/temp-tower.jpg?raw=true)
 
-## Bed temperature
+> [!NOTE]
+> If a range of temperatures looks good, you may want to use the middle of that range as the optimal temperature.  
+> But if you are planning to print at higher [speeds](speed_settings_other_layers_speed)/[flow rates](volumetric-speed-calib), you may want to use the higher end of that range as the optimal temperature.
 
-Bed temperature is another important setting to calibrate for a successful print. The bed temperature affects the adhesion of the filament to the print bed, which in turn affects the overall quality of the print. If the bed temperature is too low, the filament may not adhere properly to the print bed, leading to warping and poor layer adhesion. If the bed temperature is too high, the filament may become too soft and lose its shape, leading to over-extrusion and poor layer adhesion.
+## Bed Temperature
 
-This setting doesn't have a specific test, but it is recommended to start with the recommended bed temperature for the filament and adjust it based on the filament manufacturer's recommendations.
+Bed temperature plays a crucial role in ensuring proper filament adhesion to the build surface, which directly impacts both print success and quality.  
+Most materials have a relatively broad optimal range for bed temperature (typically +/-5°C).  
+In general, following the manufacturer’s recommendations, maintaining a clean bed (free from oils or fingerprints), ensuring a stable [chamber temperature](#chamber-temperature), and having a properly leveled bed will produce reliable results.
 
-## Chamber temperature
+- If the bed temperature is too low, the filament may fail to adhere properly, leading to warping, weak layer bonding, or complete detachment. In severe cases, the printed part may dislodge entirely and stick to the nozzle or other printer components, potentially causing mechanical damage.
+- If the bed temperature is too high, the lower layers can overheat and soften excessively, resulting in deformation such as [elephant foot](quality_settings_precision#elephant-foot-compensation).
 
-Chamber temperature can affect the print quality, especially for high-temperature filaments. A heated chamber can help to maintain a consistent temperature throughout the print, reducing the risk of warping and improving layer adhesion. However, it is important to monitor the chamber temperature to ensure that it does not exceed the recommended temperature for the filament being used.
+> [!TIP]
+> As a general guideline, you can use the [glass transition temperature](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass_transition) (Tg) of the material and subtract 5–10 °C to estimate a safe upper limit for bed temperature.  
+> See [this article](https://magigoo.com/blog/prevent-warping-temperature-and-first-layer-adhesion-magigoo/) for a detailed explanation.
+
+> [!NOTE]
+> For challenging prints involving materials with **high shrinkage** (e.g., nylons or polycarbonate) or geometries prone to warping, dialed-in settings are critical.  
+> In these cases, [chamber temperature](#chamber-temperature) becomes a **major factor** in preventing detachment and ensuring print success.
+
+## Chamber Temperature
+
+Chamber temperature can affect the print quality, especially for high-temperature filaments.  
+A heated chamber can help to maintain a consistent temperature throughout the print, reducing the risk of warping and improving layer adhesion. However, it is important to monitor the chamber temperature to ensure that it does not exceed the filament's deformation temperature.
 
 See: [Chamber temperature printer settings](Chamber-temperature)
 
-> [!NOTE]
+> [!IMPORTANT]
 > Low temperature Filaments like PLA can clog the nozzle if the chamber temperature is too high.

doc/calibration/volumetric-speed-calib.md

@@ -1,23 +1,49 @@
 # Max Volumetric Speed (FlowRate) Calibration
 
-This is a test designed to calibrate the maximum volumetric speed of the specific filament. The generic or 3rd party filament types may not have the correct volumetric flow rate set in the filament. This test will help you to find the maximum volumetric speed of the filament.
+Each material profile includes a **maximum volumetric speed** setting, which limits your [print speed](speed_settings_other_layers_speed) to prevent issues like nozzle clogs, under-extrusion, or poor layer adhesion.
+
+This value varies depending on your **material**, **machine**, **nozzle diameter**, and even your **extruder setup**, so it’s important to calibrate it for your specific printer and each filament you use.
+
+> [!NOTE]
+> Even for the same material type (e.g., PLA), the **brand** and **color** can significantly affect the maximum flow rate.
+
+> [!TIP]
+> If you're planning to increase speed or flow, it’s a good idea to **increase your nozzle temperature**, preferably toward the higher end of the recommended range for your filament. Use a [temperature tower calibration](temp-calib#nozzle-temp-tower) to find that range.
+
+## Calibration Overview
 
 You will be prompted to enter the settings for the test: start volumetric speed, end volumetric speed, and step. It is recommended to use the default values (5mm³/s start, 20mm³/s end, with a step of 0.5), unless you already have an idea of the lower or upper limit for your filament. Select "OK", slice the plate, and send it to the printer.
 
-Once printed, take note of where the layers begin to fail and where the quality begins to suffer. Pay attention to changes from matte to shiny as well.
+Once printed, take note of where the layers begin to fail and where the quality begins to suffer.
+
+> [!TIP]
+> A **change in surface sheen** (glossy vs. matte) is often a visual cue of material degradation or poor layer adhesion.
 
 ![mvf_measurement_point](https://github.com/SoftFever/OrcaSlicer/blob/main/doc/images/MVF/mvf_measurement_point.jpg?raw=true)
 
-Using calipers or a ruler, measure the height of the print at that point. Use the following calculation to determine the correct max flow value: `start + (height-measured * step)` . For example in the photo below, and using the default setting values, the print quality began to suffer at 19mm measured, so the calculation would be: `5 + (19 * 0.5)` , or `13mm³/s` using the default values. Enter your number into the "Max volumetric speed" value in the filament settings.
-
+Use calipers or a ruler to measure the **height** of the model just before the defects begin.  
 ![mvf_caliper_sample_mvf](https://github.com/SoftFever/OrcaSlicer/blob/main/doc/images/MVF/mvf_caliper_sample_mvf.jpg?raw=true)
 
-You can also return to OrcaSlicer in the "Preview" tab, make sure the color scheme "flow" is selected. Scroll down to the layer height that you measured, and click on the toolhead slider. This will indicate the max flow level for your filament.
+ Then you can:
 
-![mvf_gui_flow](https://github.com/SoftFever/OrcaSlicer/blob/main/doc/images/MVF/mvf_gui_flow.jpg?raw=true)
+- Use the following formula
+
+  ```math
+  Filament Max Volumetric Speed = start + (height-measured * step)
+  ```
+
+  In this case (19mm), so the calculation would be: `5 + (19 * 0.5) = 14.5mm³/s`
+
+- Use OrcaSlicer in the "Preview" tab, make sure the color scheme "flow" is selected. Scroll down to the layer height that you measured, and click on the toolhead slider. This will indicate the max flow level for your filament.  
+![mvf_gui_flow](https://github.com/SoftFever/OrcaSlicer/blob/main/doc/images/MVF/mvf_gui_flow.png?raw=true)
+
+After you have determined the maximum volumetric speed, you can set it in the filament settings. This will ensure that the printer does not exceed the maximum flow rate for the filament.  
+![mvf_material_settings](https://github.com/SoftFever/OrcaSlicer/blob/main/doc/images/MVF/mvf_material_settings.png?raw=true)
 
 > [!NOTE]
-> You may also choose to conservatively reduce the flow by 5-10% to ensure print quality.
+> This test is a best case scenario and doesn't take into account Retraction or other settings that can increase clogs or under-extrusion.  
+> You may want to reduce the flow by 10%-20% (or even further) to ensure print quality/strength.  
+> **Printing at high volumetric speed can lead to poor layer adhesion or even clogs in the nozzle.**
 
 > [!TIP]
 > @ItsDeidara has made a html to help with the calculation. Check it out if those equations give you a headache [here](https://github.com/ItsDeidara/Orca-Slicer-Assistant).

doc/print_settings/quality/quality_settings_ironing.md

@@ -25,3 +25,7 @@ The distance to keep from the edges. A value of 0 sets this to half of the nozzl
 ## Angle
 
 The angle ironing is done at. A negative number disables this function and uses the default method.
+
+## Speed
+
+See [Speed settings for other layers](speed_settings_other_layers_speed#ironing-speed) for more information about ironing speed.

doc/print_settings/quality/quality_settings_seam.md

@@ -14,6 +14,13 @@ Will attempt to align the seam to a hidden internal facet of the model.
 
 ![seam-aligned](https://github.com/SoftFever/OrcaSlicer/blob/main/doc/images/seam/seam-aligned.png?raw=true)
 
+### Aligned Back
+
+Combines "Aligned" and "Back" strategies by prioritizing seam placement away from the front-facing side while still finding optimal hidden locations for other orientations. This is particularly useful for directional models like sculptures or figurines that have a clear front view.  
+Unlike "Back" which always places seams at the rearmost position, "Aligned Back" uses intelligent positioning that avoids the front while maintaining sophisticated seam hiding capabilities.
+
+![seam-aligned-back](../../images/seam/seam-aligned-back.png)
+
 ### Nearest
 
 Will place the seam at the nearest starting point compared to where the nozzle stopped printing in the previous layer.

doc/print_settings/speed/speed_settings_acceleration.md

@@ -1,41 +1,55 @@
 # Acceleration
 
 Acceleration in 3D printing is usually set on the printer's firmware settings.  
-This setting will try to override the acceleration when [normal printing acceleration](#normal-printing) value is different than 0.
+This setting will try to override the acceleration when [normal printing acceleration](#normal-printing) value is different than 0.  
 Orca will limit the acceleration to not exceed the acceleration set in the Printer's Motion Ability settings.
 
+- [Normal printing](#normal-printing)
+- [Outer wall](#outer-wall)
+- [Inner wall](#inner-wall)
+- [Bridge](#bridge)
+- [Sparse infill](#sparse-infill)
+- [Internal solid infill](#internal-solid-infill)
+- [Initial layer](#initial-layer)
+- [Top surface](#top-surface)
+- [Travel](#travel)
+
 ## Normal printing
 
 The default acceleration of both normal printing and travel.
 
+> [!NOTE]
+> If this value is set to 0, the acceleration will be set to the printer's default acceleration.
+
 ## Outer wall
 
-Acceleration for outer wall printing. This is usually set to a lower value than normal printing to ensure better quality.
+Acceleration for [outer wall](speed_settings_walls#outer-wall) printing. This is usually set to a lower value than normal printing to ensure better quality.
 
 ## Inner wall
 
-Acceleration for inner wall printing. This is usually set to a higher value than outer wall printing to improve speed.
+Acceleration for [inner wall](speed_settings_walls#inner-wall) printing. This is usually set to a higher value than outer wall printing to improve speed.
 
 ## Bridge
 
-Acceleration of bridges. If the value is expressed as a percentage (e.g. 50%), it will be calculated based on the outer wall acceleration.
+Acceleration of [bridges](speed_settings_overhang_speed#bridge-speed). If the value is expressed as a percentage (e.g. 50%), it will be calculated based on the outer wall acceleration.
 
 ## Sparse infill
 
-Acceleration of sparse infill. If the value is expressed as a percentage (e.g. 100%), it will be calculated based on the default acceleration.
+Acceleration of [sparse infill](speed_settings_other_layers_speed#sparse-infill). If the value is expressed as a percentage (e.g. 100%), it will be calculated based on the default acceleration.
 
 ## Internal solid infill
 
-Acceleration of internal solid infill. If the value is expressed as a percentage (e.g. 100%), it will be calculated based on the default acceleration.
+Acceleration of [internal solid infill](speed_settings_other_layers_speed#internal-solid-infill). If the value is expressed as a percentage (e.g. 100%), it will be calculated based on the default acceleration.
 
 ## Initial layer
 
-Acceleration of initial layer. Using a lower value can improve build plate adhesion.
+Acceleration of [initial layer](speed_settings_initial_layer_speed). Using a lower value can improve build plate adhesion.
 
 ## Top surface
 
-Acceleration of top surface infill. Using a lower value may improve top surface quality.
+Acceleration of [top surface infill](speed_settings_other_layers_speed#top-surface). Using a lower value may improve top surface quality.  
+Recommended to use a similar value to the [outer wall acceleration](#outer-wall).
 
 ## Travel
 
-Acceleration of travel moves. This is usually set to a higher value than normal printing to reduce travel time.
+Acceleration of [travel](speed_settings_travel) moves. This is usually set to a higher value than normal printing to reduce travel time.

doc/print_settings/speed/speed_settings_advanced.md

@@ -1,12 +1,22 @@
-# Speed Advanced - Extrusion rate smoothing
+# Speed Advanced - Extrusion Rate Smoothing
 
-Extrusion rate smoothing (ERS), also known as pressure equalizer in Prusa Slicer, aims to **limit the rate of extrusion volume change to be below a user set threshold (the ERS value).** It aims to assist the printer firmware internal motion planners, pressure advance in achieving the desired nozzle flow and reducing deviations against the ideal flow.
+Extrusion Rate Smoothing (ERS) (pressure equalizer in PrusaSlicer) aims to **limit the rate of extrusion volume change to be below a user-set threshold (the ERS value)**.  
+It aims to assist the printer firmware internal motion planners, pressure advance in achieving the desired nozzle flow and reducing deviations against the ideal flow.
 
 This happens by reducing the stresses put on the extrusion system as well as reducing the absolute deviations from the ideal extrusion flow caused by pressure advance smooth time.
 
 This feature is especially helpful when printing at high accelerations and large flow rates as the deviations are larger in these cases.
 
-![ers-intro](https://github.com/SoftFever/OrcaSlicer/blob/main/doc/images/ERS/ers-intro.jpg?raw=true)
+![ers-intro](https://github.com/SoftFever/OrcaSlicer/blob/main/doc/images/ERS/ers-intro.png?raw=true)
+
+- [Theory](#theory)
+  - [Acceleration vs. Extrusion rate smoothing](#acceleration-vs-extrusion-rate-smoothing)
+  - [Pressure advance vs extrusion rate smoothing](#pressure-advance-vs-extrusion-rate-smoothing)
+- [Finding the ideal Extrusion Rate smoothing value](#finding-the-ideal-extrusion-rate-smoothing-value)
+- [A note for Bowden printers using Marlin without pressure advance](#a-note-for-bowden-printers-using-marlin-without-pressure-advance)
+- [A note on ERS Segment length](#a-note-on-ers-segment-length)
+- [Limitations](#limitations)
+- [Credits](#credits)
 
 ## Theory
 
@@ -14,36 +24,37 @@ Enabling this feature creates a small **speed "ramp"** by slowing down and rampi
 
 This works by breaking down the printed line segments into smaller "chunks", proportional to the ERS segment length, and reduces the print speed of these segments so that the **requested extrusion volumetric flow rate change is less than or equal to the ERS threshold**.
 
-In summary, **it takes the "edge" off rapid extrusion changes caused by acceleration/deceleration as these are now spread over a longer distance and time.** Therefore, it can reduce wall artefacts that show when the print speeds change suddenly. These artefacts are occuring because the extruder and firmware cannot perfectly adhere to the requested by the slicer flow rates, especially when the extrusion rate is changing rapidly.
+In summary, **it takes the "edge" off rapid extrusion changes caused by acceleration/deceleration as these are now spread over a longer distance and time.** Therefore, it can reduce wall artifacts that show when the print speeds change suddenly. These artifacts are occurring because the extruder and firmware cannot perfectly adhere to the flow rates requested by the slicer, especially when the extrusion rate is changing rapidly.
+
+**The example below shows the artifact that is mitigated by ERS.**
 
-**The example below shows the artefact that is mitigated by ERS.**
 ![ers-artefact](https://github.com/SoftFever/OrcaSlicer/blob/main/doc/images/ERS/ers-artefact.jpg?raw=true)
 
-The bulging visible above is due to the extruder not being able to respond fast enough against the required speed change when printing with high accelerations and high speeds and requested to slow down for an overhang.
+The bulging visible above is due to the extruder not being able to respond fast enough to the required speed change when printing with high accelerations and high speeds and being requested to slow down for an overhang.
 
-In the above scenario, the printer (Bambu Lab X1 Carbon) was requested to slow down from a 200mm/sec print speed to 40mm/sec at an acceleration of 5k/sec2. **The extruder could not keep up with the pressure change, resulting in a slight bump ahead at the point of speed change.**
+In the above scenario, the printer (Bambu Lab X1 Carbon) was requested to slow down from a 200mm/sec print speed to 40mm/sec at an acceleration of 5k/sec². **The extruder could not keep up with the pressure change, resulting in a slight bump ahead at the point of speed change.**
 
 This parameter interacts with the below printer kinematic settings and physical limits:
 
-**1. The limits of the extruder system** - how fast can it change pressure in the nozzle
-
-**2. The configured pressure advance values** - that also affect pressure changes in the nozzle
-
-**3. The acceleration profile of the printer** - higher accelerations mean higher pressure changes
-
-**4. The pressure advance smooth time (klipper)** - higher smooth time means higher deviation from ideal extrusion, hence more opportunity for this feature to be useful.
+1. **The limits of the extruder system** - how fast can it change pressure in the nozzle
+2. **The configured pressure advance values** - that also affect pressure changes in the nozzle
+3. **The acceleration profile of the printer** - higher accelerations mean higher pressure changes
+4. **The pressure advance smooth time (Klipper)** - higher smooth time means higher deviation from ideal extrusion, hence more opportunity for this feature to be useful.
 
 ### Acceleration vs. Extrusion rate smoothing
 
-A printer's motion system does not exactly follow the speed changes seen in the gcode preview screen of Orca
-slicer.
+A printer's motion system does not exactly follow the speed changes seen in the G-code preview screen of OrcaSlicer.
 
-When a speed change is requested, the firmware look ahead planner calculates the slow down needed to achieve the target speed. The rate of slowdown is limited by the move's acceleration value.
+When a speed change is requested, the firmware look-ahead planner calculates the slowdown needed to achieve the target speed. The rate of slowdown is limited by the move's acceleration value.
 
-**Lets consider an example.** Assume printing an overhang wall with **2k external wall acceleration**, were the printer is called to slow down from **200mm/sec to 40mm/sec**.
+**Let's consider an example.** Assume printing an overhang wall with **2k external wall acceleration**, where the printer is called to slow down from **200mm/sec to 40mm/sec**.
 
 This deceleration move would happen over approximately 9.6mm. This is derived from the following equation:
 
+```math
+d = \frac{v_f^2 - v_i^2}{2a}
+```
+
 Where:
 
 - vf = final speed.
@@ -51,37 +62,33 @@ Where:
 - a = acceleration (in this case, it will be negative as it's a deceleration).
 - d = distance.
 
-```math
-d = \frac{v_f^2 - v_i^2}{2a}
-```
-
 The time taken to decelerate to this new speed would be approx. 0.08 seconds, derived from the following equation:
 
 ```math
 t = \frac{v_f - v_i}{a}
 ```
 
-A printer printing at 200mm/sec with a 0.42 line width and 0.16 layer height would be extruding plastic at approx. 12.16mm3/sec, as can also be seen from the below visual.
+A printer printing at 200mm/sec with a 0.42 line width and 0.16 layer height would be extruding plastic at approx. 12.16mm³/sec, as can also be seen from the below visual.
 
-![ers-printspeed](https://github.com/SoftFever/OrcaSlicer/blob/main/doc/images/ERS/ers-printspeed.jpg?raw=true)
+![ers-printspeed](https://github.com/SoftFever/OrcaSlicer/blob/main/doc/images/ERS/ers-printspeed.png?raw=true)
 
-When the printer is extruding at 40mm/sec with the same line width and layer height as above, the flow rate is 2.43mm3/sec.
+When the printer is extruding at 40mm/sec with the same line width and layer height as above, the flow rate is 2.43mm³/sec.
 
-So what we are asking the extruder to do in this example is **slow down from 12.16mm3/sec flow to 2.43mm3/sec flow in 0.08 seconds** or an extrusion change rate of 121mm3/sec2.
+So what we are asking the extruder to do in this example is **slow down from 12.16mm³/sec flow to 2.43mm³/sec flow in 0.08 seconds** or an extrusion change rate of 121mm³/sec².
 
 **This value is proportional to the acceleration of the printer. At 4k this value doubles, at 1k it is half and is independent of the speed of movement or starting and ending speeds.**
 
 **This value is also proportional to the line width - double the line width will result in double the extrusion rate change and vice versa. Same for layer height.**
 
-So, continuing with the worked example, a 2k acceleration produces an extrusion rate change ramp of 121mm3/sec2. **Therefore, setting a value higher than this would not bring any benefit to the print quality as the motion system would slow down less aggressively based on its acceleration settings.**
+So, continuing with the worked example, a 2k acceleration produces an extrusion rate change ramp of 121mm³/sec². **Therefore, setting a value higher than this would not bring any benefit to the print quality as the motion system would slow down less aggressively based on its acceleration settings.**
 
-**Therefore, the acceleration values act as a meaningfull upper limit to this setting.** An indicative set of values has been provided later in this page.
+**Therefore, the acceleration values act as a meaningful upper limit to this setting.** An indicative set of values has been provided later in this page.
 
 ### Pressure advance vs extrusion rate smoothing
 
 Then we need to consider pressure advance and smooth time as factors that influence extrusion rate.
 
-**Pressure Advance** adjusts the extruder's speed to account for the pressure changes inside the hot end’s melt zone. When the print head moves and extrudes filament, there's a delay between the movement of the extruder gear and the plastic being extruded due to the compressibility of the molten plastic in the hot end. This delay can cause too much plastic to be extruded when the print head starts moving or not enough plastic when the print head stops, leading to issues like blobbing or under-extrusion.
+**Pressure Advance** adjusts the extruder's speed to account for the pressure changes inside the hot end's melt zone. When the print head moves and extrudes filament, there's a delay between the movement of the extruder gear and the plastic being extruded due to the compressibility of the molten plastic in the hot end. This delay can cause too much plastic to be extruded when the print head starts moving or not enough plastic when the print head stops, leading to issues like blobbing or under-extrusion.
 
 **Pressure Advance Smooth time** helps to mitigate potential negative effects on print quality due to the rapid changes in extruder flow rate, which are controlled by the Pressure Advance algorithm. This parameter essentially adds a smoothing effect to the adjustments made by Pressure Advance, aiming to prevent sharp or sudden changes in the extrusion rate.
 
@@ -105,7 +112,7 @@ There is a great example of pressure advance smooth time induced deviations in [
 
 In the worked example above, **we need to set an Extrusion Rate smoothing value enough to decrease the error introduced by pressure advance smooth time against the produced output flow.** The lower the extrusion rate smoothing value, the lower the changes in flow over time hence the lower the absolute deviation from the ideal extrusion caused by the smooth time algorithm. However, going too low will result in a material decrease in overall print speed, as the print speed will be materially reduced to achieve low extrusion deviations between features, for no real benefit after a point.
 
-**The best way to find what the lower beneficial limit is through experimentation.** Print an object with sharp overhangs that are slowed down because off the overhang print speed settings and observe for extrusion inconsistencies.
+**The best way to find the lower beneficial limit is through experimentation.** Print an object with sharp overhangs that are slowed down because of the overhang print speed settings and observe for extrusion inconsistencies.
 
 ## Finding the ideal Extrusion Rate smoothing value
 
@@ -113,80 +120,74 @@ In the worked example above, **we need to set an Extrusion Rate smoothing value
 
 **Below are some approximate ERS values for 0.42 line width and 0.16 layer height.**
 
-1. 30mm3/sec for 0.5k acceleration
-2. 60.5mm3/sec for 1k acceleration
-3. 121mm3/sec2 for 2k acceleration
-4. 242mm3/sec2 for 4k acceleration
+1. 30mm³/sec for 0.5k acceleration
+2. 60.5mm³/sec for 1k acceleration
+3. 121mm³/sec² for 2k acceleration
+4. 242mm³/sec² for 4k acceleration
 
 **Below are some approximate ERS values for 0.42 line width and 0.20 layer height.**
 
-1. 38mm3/sec for 0.5k acceleration
-2. 76mm3/sec for 1k acceleration
-3. 150mm3/sec2 for 2k acceleration
-4. 300mm3/sec2 for 4k acceleration
+1. 38mm³/sec for 0.5k acceleration
+2. 76mm³/sec for 1k acceleration
+3. 150mm³/sec² for 2k acceleration
+4. 300mm³/sec² for 4k acceleration
 
 **Below are some approximate ERS values for 0.45 line width and 0.16 layer height.**
 
-1. 32mm3/sec for 0.5k acceleration
-2. 65mm3/sec for 1k acceleration
-3. 129mm3/sec2 for 2k acceleration
-4. 260mm3/sec2 for 4k acceleration
+1. 32mm³/sec for 0.5k acceleration
+2. 65mm³/sec for 1k acceleration
+3. 129mm³/sec² for 2k acceleration
+4. 260mm³/sec² for 4k acceleration
 
 **So, your tuning starting point needs to be an ERS value that is less than this.** A good point experiment with test prints would be **a value of 60-80%** of the above maximum values. This will give some meaningful assistance to pressure advance, reducing the deviation introduced by pressure advance smooth time. The greater the smooth time, the greater the quality benefit will be.
 
 Therefore, for a **0.42 line width and 0.16 layer height**, the below are a recommended set of starting ERS values
 
-1. 18-25mm3/sec for 0.5k acceleration
-2. 35-50mm3/sec for 1k acceleration
-3. 70-100mm3/sec2 for 2k acceleration
-4. 145-200mm3/sec2 for 4k acceleration
+1. 18-25mm³/sec for 0.5k acceleration
+2. 35-50mm³/sec for 1k acceleration
+3. 70-100mm³/sec² for 2k acceleration
+4. 145-200mm³/sec² for 4k acceleration
 
 If you are printing with a 0.2 layer height, you can increase these values by 25% and similarly reduce if printing with lower.
 
 **The second factor is your extruder's mechanical abilities.** Direct drive extruders with a good grip on the filament typically are more responsive to extrusion rate changes. Similarly with stiff filaments. So, a Bowden printer or when printing softer material like TPU or soft PLAs like polyterra there is more opportunity for the extruder to slip or deviate from the desired extrusion amount due to mechanical grip or material deformation or just delay in propagating the pressure changes (in a Bowden setup).
 
-**The final factor is the deviation introduced by pressure advance smooth time**, or equivalents in closed source firmware. The higher this value the larger the extrusion deviation from ideal. If you are using a direct drive extruder, reduce this value to 0.02 in your klipper firmware before tuning ERS, as a lower value results in lower deviations to mitigate. Then proceed to experimentaly tune ERS.
+**The final factor is the deviation introduced by pressure advance smooth time**, or equivalents in closed source firmware. The higher this value the larger the extrusion deviation from ideal. If you are using a direct drive extruder, reduce this value to 0.02 in your klipper firmware before tuning ERS, as a lower value results in lower deviations to mitigate. Then proceed to experimentally tune ERS.
 
 **So where does that leave us?**
 
-Perform a test print with the above ERS settings as a starting point and adjust to your liking! If you notice budging on sharp overhangs where speed changes, like the hull of the benchy, reduce this value by 10% and try again.
+Perform a test print with the above ERS settings as a starting point and adjust to your liking! If you notice bulging on sharp overhangs where speed changes occur, like the hull of the Benchy, reduce this value by 10% and try again.
 
-If you're not noticing any artefacts, increase by 10%, but don’t go over the maximum values recommended above because then this feature would have no effect in your print.
+If you're not noticing any artifacts, increase by 10%, but don't go over the maximum values recommended above because then this feature would have no effect on your print.
 
-## A note for Bowden printers using marlin without pressure advance
+## A note for Bowden printers using Marlin without pressure advance
 
-If your printer is not equipped with pressure advance and, especially, if you are using a Bowden setup, you don’t have the benefit of pressure advance dynamically adjusting your flow.
+If your printer is not equipped with pressure advance and, especially, if you are using a Bowden setup, you don't have the benefit of pressure advance dynamically adjusting your flow.
 
-In this special case, ERS will be doing all the heavy lifting that pressure advance would typically perform. In this scenario a low value of 8-10mm3/sec is usually recommended, irrespective of your acceleration settings, to smooth out pressure changes in the extrusion system as much as possible without impacting print speed too much.
+In this special case, ERS will be doing all the heavy lifting that pressure advance would typically perform. In this scenario, a low value of 8-10mm³/sec is usually recommended, irrespective of your acceleration settings, to smooth out pressure changes in the extrusion system as much as possible without impacting print speed too much.
 
 ## A note on ERS Segment length
 
-Ideally you want this value set to 1 to allow for the largest number of steps between each speed transition. However, this may result in a too large of a gcode, with too many commands sent to your MCU per second and it may not be able to keep up. It will also slow down the Orca slicer front end as the sliced model is more complex to render.
+Ideally, you want this value set to 1 to allow for the largest number of steps between each speed transition. However, this may result in G-code that is too large, with too many commands sent to your MCU per second and it may not be able to keep up. It will also slow down the OrcaSlicer front end as the sliced model is more complex to render.
 
-For Klipper printers, a segment length of 1 works OK as the RPI or similar have enough computational power to handle the gcode command volume.
+For Klipper printers, a segment length of 1 works OK as the RPI or similar have enough computational power to handle the G-code command volume.
 
-Similarly, for a Bambu lab printer, a segment length of 1 works well. **However, if you do notice your printer stuttering or stalling** (which may be the case with the lower powered P1 series printers) **or getting "Timer too close" errors** in Klipper, **increase this value to 2 or 3**. This would reduce the effectiveness of the setting but will present a more manageable load to your printer.
+Similarly, for a Bambu Lab printer, a segment length of 1 works well. **However, if you do notice your printer stuttering or stalling** (which may be the case with the lower-powered P1 series printers) **or getting "Timer too close" errors** in Klipper, **increase this value to 2 or 3**. This would reduce the effectiveness of the setting but will present a more manageable load to your printer.
 
 ## Limitations
 
-**This feature can only work where speed changes are induced by the slicer** - for example when transitioning from fast to slow print moves when printing overhangs, bridges and from printing internal features to external features and vice versa.
+**This feature can only work where speed changes are induced by the slicer** - for example, when transitioning from fast to slow print moves when printing overhangs, bridges and from printing internal features to external features and vice versa.
 
-However, it will not affect extruder behaviour when the printer is slowing down due to firmware commands - for example when turning around corners.
+However, it will not affect extruder behavior when the printer is slowing down due to firmware commands - for example, when turning around corners.
 
-In this case, the printer slows down and then accelerates independently of what the slicer has requested. In this case, the slicer is commanding a consistent speed; however, the printer is adjusting this to operate within its printer kinematic limits (SCV/Jerk) and accelerations. As the slicer is not aware of this slow down, it cannot apply pre-emptive extrusion rate smoothing to the feature and instead, the changes are governed by the printer firmware exclusively.
+In this case, the printer slows down and then accelerates independently of what the slicer has requested. In this case, the slicer is commanding a consistent speed; however, the printer is adjusting this to operate within its printer kinematic limits (SCV/Jerk) and accelerations. As the slicer is not aware of this slowdown, it cannot apply pre-emptive extrusion rate smoothing to the feature and instead, the changes are governed by the printer firmware exclusively.
 
 ## Credits
 
-**Original feature authors and creators:** The Prusa Slicer team, including [@bubnikv](https://github.com/bubnikv), [@hejllukas](https://github.com/hejllukas).
-
-**Enhanced by:** [@MGunlogson](https://github.com/MGunlogson), introducing the feature to external perimeters, enhancing it by taking into account travel, retraction and implementing near-contiguous extrusions pressure equalizer adjustments.
-
-**Ported to Orca:** [@igiannakas](https://github.com/igiannakas).
-
-**Enhanced by:** [@noisyfox](https://github.com/Noisyfox), per object pressure equalization and fixing calculation logic bugs.
-
-**Wiki page:** [@igiannakas](https://github.com/igiannakas).
-
-**Overall Orca owner and assurance:** [@softfever](https://github.com/SoftFever).
-
-**Community testing and feedback:** [@HakunMatat4](https://github.com/HakunMatat4), [@psiberfunk](https://github.com/psiberfunk), [@u3dreal](https://github.com/u3dreal) and more.
+- **Original feature authors and creators:** The Prusa Slicer team, including [@bubnikv](https://github.com/bubnikv), [@hejllukas](https://github.com/hejllukas).
+- **Enhanced by:** [@MGunlogson](https://github.com/MGunlogson), introducing the feature to external perimeters, enhancing it by taking into account travel, retraction and implementing near-contiguous extrusions pressure equalizer adjustments.
+- **Ported to Orca:** [@igiannakas](https://github.com/igiannakas).
+- **Enhanced by:** [@noisyfox](https://github.com/Noisyfox), per object pressure equalization and fixing calculation logic bugs.
+- **Wiki page:** [@igiannakas](https://github.com/igiannakas).
+- **Overall Orca owner and assurance:** [@softfever](https://github.com/SoftFever).
+- **Community testing and feedback:** [@HakunMatat4](https://github.com/HakunMatat4), [@psiberfunk](https://github.com/psiberfunk), [@u3dreal](https://github.com/u3dreal) and more.

doc/print_settings/speed/speed_settings_initial_layer_speed.md

@@ -1,17 +1,23 @@
 # Initial layer speed
 
+Printing the first layer slower than the rest of the print is a widely recommended practice. This helps ensure strong adhesion to the print bed, reduces the chances of warping or curling at the edges, and allows better compensation for minor leveling inconsistencies.
+
 ## Initial layer
 
-Speed of initial layer except the solid infill part.
+This setting determines the printing speed for the first layer, excluding [solid infill](strength_settings_top_bottom_shells) regions.  It applies to the [outer/inner walls](strength_settings_walls), [sparse infill](strength_settings_infill) when [bottom layers](strength_settings_top_bottom_shells#shells-layers) is set to 0.  
+Adjusting this speed helps ensure proper adhesion and print quality for the initial layer.
 
 ## Initial layer infill
 
-Speed of solid infill part of initial layer.
+Defines the speed used specifically for [solid infill](strength_settings_top_bottom_shells#shells-layers) regions on the first layer. These areas require more precise and consistent extrusion to create a flat and stable surface for subsequent layers. Printing this section too fast may result in high internal stresses (increased risk of warping), poor layer uniformity, or adhesion failures.
 
 ## Initial layer travel speed
 
-Travel speed of initial layer.
+Sets the travel (non-printing movement) speed for the first layer. This doesn't affect the printing quality and can be set to a percentage of the [travel speed](speed_settings_travel).  
+Usually, this is set to 100% of the [travel speed](speed_settings_travel), but it can be reduced if you want to minimize vibrations or if your printer has issues with high-speed travel movements.
 
 ## Number of slow layers
 
-The first few layers are printed slower than normal. The speed is gradually increased in a linear fashion over the specified number of layers.
+Specifies how many of the first layers should be printed at a reduced speed. Instead of jumping straight to full speed after the first layer, the speed gradually increases in a linear fashion over this number of layers. This gradual ramp-up helps maintain adhesion and gives the print more stability in its early stages, especially on prints with a small contact area or materials prone to warping.
+
+![number-of-slow-layers](https://github.com/SoftFever/OrcaSlicer/blob/main/doc/images/speed/number-of-slow-layers.png?raw=true)

doc/print_settings/speed/speed_settings_jerk_xy.md

@@ -1,9 +1,26 @@
 # Jerk XY
 
-Jerk in 3D printing is usually set on the printer's firmware settings.  
-This setting will try to override the jerk when [normal printing jerk](#normal-printing) or [Junction Deviation](#junction-deviation) value is different than 0.
-Orca will limit the jerk to not exceed the jerk set in the Printer's Motion Ability settings.
+**Jerk** is the rate of change of acceleration and how quickly your printer can change between different accelerations. It controls direction changes and velocity transitions during movement.
 
+## Cornering Control Types
+
+- **Jerk**: Traditional method, sets a maximum speed for direction changes.
+- **[Junction Deviation](#junction-deviation)**: Modern method, calculates cornering speed based on acceleration and speed.
+
+## Key Effects
+
+- **Corner Control**: Lower values = smoother corners, better quality. Higher values = faster cornering, potential artifacts
+- **Print Speed**: Higher jerk reduces deceleration at direction changes, increasing overall speed
+- **Surface Quality**: Lower jerk minimizes vibrations and ringing, especially important for outer walls
+
+This setting overrides firmware jerk values when different motion types need specific settings. Orca limits jerk to not exceed the Printer's Motion Ability settings.
+
+> [!TIP]
+> Jerk can work in conjunction with [Pressure Advance](pressure-advance-calib), [Adaptive Pressure Advance](adaptive-pressure-advance-calib), and [Input Shaping](input-shaping-calib) to optimize print quality and speed.
+> It's recommended to follow the [calibration guide](calibration) order for best results.
+
+- [Cornering Control Types](#cornering-control-types)
+- [Key Effects](#key-effects)
 - [Default](#default)
   - [Outer wall](#outer-wall)
   - [Inner wall](#inner-wall)
@@ -18,6 +35,9 @@ Orca will limit the jerk to not exceed the jerk set in the Printer's Motion Abil
 
 Default Jerk value.
 
+> [!NOTE]
+> If this value is set to 0, the jerk will be set to the printer's default jerk.
+
 ### Outer wall
 
 Jerk for outer wall printing. This is usually set to a lower value than normal printing to ensure better quality.
@@ -62,3 +82,5 @@ JD = 0,4 \cdot \frac{\text{Jerk}^2}{\text{Accel.}}
 - [JD Explained and Visualized, by Paul Wanamaker](https://reprap.org/forum/read.php?1,739819)
 - [Computing JD for Marlin Firmware](https://blog.kyneticcnc.com/2018/10/computing-junction-deviation-for-marlin.html)
 - [Improving GRBL: Cornering Algorithm](https://onehossshay.wordpress.com/2011/09/24/improving_grbl_cornering_algorithm/)
+- [Pressure Advance Calibration](../../calibration/pressure-advance-calib.md)
+- [Adaptive Pressure Advance](../../calibration/adaptive-pressure-advance-calib.md)

doc/print_settings/speed/speed_settings_other_layers_speed.md

@@ -1,5 +1,16 @@
 # Other layers speed
 
+## Speed limitations
+
+> [!IMPORTANT]
+> Every speed setting is limited by several parameters like:
+>
+> - [Maximum Volumetric Speed](volumetric-speed-calib)
+> - Machine / Motion ability
+> - [Acceleration](speed-settings-acceleration)
+> - [Jerk settings](speed-settings-jerk)
+
+- [Speed limitations](#speed-limitations)
 - [Outer wall](#outer-wall)
 - [Inner wall](#inner-wall)
 - [Small perimeters](#small-perimeters)
@@ -14,46 +25,68 @@
 
 ## Outer wall
 
-Speed of outer wall which is outermost and visible. It's used to be slower than inner wall speed to get better quality.
+Speed of outer wall which is outermost and visible. It's used to be slower than [inner wall speed](#inner-wall) to get better quality and good layer adhesion.
+This setting is also limited by [Machine / Motion ability / Resonance avoidance speed settings](vfa-calib).
 
 ## Inner wall
 
-Speed of inner wall which is printed faster than outer wall to reduce print time.
+Speed of inner wall which is printed faster than outer wall to reduce print time but is still recommended to be slower than the [maximum volumetric speed](volumetric-speed-calib) to ensure good layer adhesion and reduce material internal stresses.
 
 ## Small perimeters
 
-This separate setting will affect the speed of perimeters having radius <= small_perimeter_threshold (usually holes). If expressed as percentage (for example: 80%) it will be calculated on the outer wall speed setting above.  
-Set to zero for auto.
+Speed of outer wall with theoretical radius <= [small perimeters threshold](#small-perimeters-threshold).
+Any shape (not only circles) will be considered as a small perimeter.
+
+If expressed as percentage (for example: 80%) it will be calculated on the [outer wall speed](#outer-wall).
+
+> [!NOTE]
+> Zero will use [50%](https://github.com/SoftFever/OrcaSlicer/blob/7d2a12aa3cbf2e7ca5d0523446bf1d1d4717f8d1/src/libslic3r/GCode.cpp#L4698) of [outer wall speed](#outer-wall).
 
 ### Small perimeters threshold
 
-This sets the threshold for small perimeter length.  
-Default threshold is 0mm.
+**Radius** in millimeters below which the speed of perimeters will be reduced to the [small perimeters speed](#small-perimeters).  
+To know the length of the perimeter, you can use the formula:
+
+```math
+\frac{\text{Perimeter Length}}{2\pi} \leq \text{Threshold}
+```
+
+For example, if the threshold is set to 5 mm, then the perimeter length must be less than or equal to 31.4 mm (2 * π * 5 mm) to be considered a small perimeter.
+
+- A Circle with a diameter of 10 mm will have a perimeter length of approximately 31.4 mm, which is equal to the threshold, so it will be considered a small perimeter.
+- A Cube of 10mm x 10mm will have a perimeter length of 40 mm, which is greater than the threshold, so it will not be considered a small perimeter.
+- A Cube of 5mm x 5mm will have a perimeter length of 20 mm, which is less than the threshold, so it will be considered a small perimeter.
+
+> [!NOTE]
+> Zero will disable [small perimeters speed](#small-perimeters) and will use the [outer wall speed](#outer-wall).
 
 ## Sparse infill
 
-Speed of sparse infill which is printed faster than solid infill to reduce print time.
+Speed of [sparse infill](strength_settings_infill#sparse-infill) which is printed faster than solid infill to reduce print time.  
+In case you are using your Infill Pattern as aesthetic feature, you may want to set it closer to the [outer wall speed](#outer-wall) to get better quality.
 
 ## Internal solid infill
 
-Speed of internal solid infill which is printed faster than top surface speed to reduce print time.
+Speed of internal solid infill, which fills the interior of the model with solid layers.  
+This is typically set faster than the [top surface speed](#top-surface) to optimize print time, while still ensuring adequate strength and layer adhesion. Adjusting this speed can help balance print quality and efficiency, especially for models requiring strong internal structures.  
+Solid infill is also considered when [infill % is set to 100%](strength_settings_infill#internal-solid-infill).
 
 ## Top surface
 
-Speed of top surface which is printed slower than internal solid infill to get better quality.
+Speed of the [topmost solid layers](strength_settings_top_bottom_shells) of the print. This is usually set similar to the [outer wall speed](#outer-wall) to achieve a smoother and higher-quality finish on visible surfaces. Lower speeds help minimize surface defects and improve the appearance of the final printed object.
 
 ## Gap infill
 
-Speed of gap infill which is printed faster than top surface speed to reduce print time.
+Speed of [gap infill](strength_settings_infill#apply-gap-fill), which is used to fill small gaps or holes in the print.
 
 ## Ironing speed
 
-Ironing speed, typically slower than the top surface speed to ensure a smooth finish.
+[Ironing](quality_settings_ironing) and [Support Ironing](support_settings_ironing) speed, typically slower than the top surface speed to ensure a smooth finish.
 
 ## Support
 
-Speed of support material which is printed slower than the main model to ensure proper adhesion and prevent sagging.
+Speed at which [support](support_settings_support) material is printed. Slower speeds help ensure that supports are stable and effective during the print process.
 
 ## Support interface
 
-Speed of support interface material which is printed slower than the main support material to ensure proper adhesion and prevent sagging.
+Speed for the support interface layers, which are the layers directly contacting the model. This is usually set even slower than the main [support speed](#support) to maximize surface quality where the support meets the model and to make support removal easier.

doc/print_settings/speed/speed_settings_overhang_speed.md

@@ -1,12 +1,21 @@
 # Overhang Speed
 
+- [Slow down for overhang](#slow-down-for-overhang)
+  - [Slow down for curled perimeters](#slow-down-for-curled-perimeters)
+  - [Overhang speed](#overhang-speed-1)
+- [Bridge speed](#bridge-speed)
+
 ## Slow down for overhang
 
 Enable this option to slow printing down for different overhang degree.
+This can help improve print quality and reduce issues like stringing or sagging.
 
 ### Slow down for curled perimeters
 
 Enable this option to slow down printing in areas where perimeters may have curled upwards. For example, additional slowdown will be applied when printing overhangs on sharp corners like the front of the Benchy hull, reducing curling which compounds over multiple layers.  
+
+![slow-down-for-curled-perimeters](https://github.com/SoftFever/OrcaSlicer/blob/main/doc/images/speed/slow-down-for-curled-perimeters.png)
+
 It is generally recommended to have this option switched on unless your printer cooling is powerful enough or the print speed slow enough that perimeter curling does not happen. If printing with a high external perimeter speed, this parameter may introduce slight artifacts when slowing down due to the large variance in print speeds. If you notice artifacts, ensure your pressure advance is tuned correctly.  
 
 > [!NOTE]
@@ -14,8 +23,12 @@ It is generally recommended to have this option switched on unless your printer
 
 ### Overhang speed
 
-This is the speed for various overhang degrees. Overhang degrees are expressed as a percentage of line width. 0 speed means no slowing down for the overhang degree range and wall speed is used.
+This is the speed for various overhang degrees. Overhang degrees are expressed as a percentage of [line width](quality_settings_line_width).  
+
+> [!NOTE]
+> 0 speed means no slowing down for the overhang degree range and wall speed is used.
 
 ## Bridge speed
 
-Set speed for external and internal bridges.
+Set speed for external and internal bridges.  
+It's usually recommended to increase internal bridge speed to reduce print time, while external bridge speed should be reduced to improve print quality.

doc/print_settings/speed/speed_settings_travel.md

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
 # Travel
 
-Travel speed is the speed at which the print head moves when not extruding filament. This speed is typically faster than the printing speed, as there is no need to carefully place material. However, setting the travel speed too high can lead to issues such as missed steps or ringing artifacts.
+![travel-lines](https://github.com/SoftFever/OrcaSlicer/blob/main/doc/images/speed/travel-lines.png?raw=true)
+
+Travel speed is the speed at which the print head moves when not extruding filament.  
+This speed is typically faster than the printing speed, as there is no need to carefully place material. However, setting the travel speed too high can lead to issues such as missed steps or ringing artifacts.