# Belt printing for OrcaSlicer
This merges the `belt-printer` branch into `main`. It adds support for
conveyor-belt ("infinite Z") printers like the BabyBelt Pro, the
IdeaFormer IR3 V2 and the CR-30 family, along with the things that had
to grow around it: tilted-plane slicing, supports that terminate on the
belt, belt-aware brims, a purge tower that works without a flat bed,
multi-colour belt prints, a preview that shows the part the way it was
designed, and starter profiles.
It has been a long road (the first attempt was #12733 back in March, the
pipeline has been rebuilt twice since) and a lot of people have put work
into it. Credits are at the bottom; please tell me if I've missed
anyone.
Closes#2628, closes#11344, closes#6885, closes#9004, closes#14188.
---
## How belt printing works
Slicers assume the bed sits on the XY plane and layers stack along Z. A
belt printer breaks that in two ways at once: the belt is tilted
(usually 45°) and the axis that advances the belt is the printer's Z, so
the "bed" lives on the XZ plane and is, in principle, infinitely long.
<img width="6360" height="2702" alt="A flat bed vs a tilted belt"
src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/3f5542f2-6dab-42bf-9233-f96d863b40c8"
/>
Rather than teach every part of the slicer about tilted beds, the branch
leaves the slicing engine alone and transforms what goes in and what
comes out. The pipeline has five steps.
<details>
<summary><b>The five steps in detail</b></summary>
### 1. Pre-slice rotation
The mesh is rotated by the belt angle before slicing
(`BeltSliceStrategy`, `BeltTransform`), so that the ordinary horizontal
slicer produces layers that are actually tilted planes relative to the
part. Rotation is about X by default (belt along Y); Y rotation and a Z
lift are supported too. A "global" mode rotates every object about one
common origin, which is what keeps several parts on one belt consistent
with each other.
### 2. Slice
Nothing special. The mesh is rotated, the slicer does what it always
does. This is the reason most of Orca's features (walls, infill, seams,
ironing, painting, …) just work on a belt without belt-specific code.
### 3. Supports
Supports are generated after slicing against a virtual floor: the belt
surface, expressed in the rotated frame (`BeltFloorContext`). Normal,
tree and organic supports all terminate on that plane instead of on Z=0,
and nothing may be generated below it. Painted supports and seams are
transformed with the same `trafo_sliced()` as the layers.
### 4. G-code back-transform
The G-code is rotated back into the model's Cartesian frame
(`BeltBackTransform`). A nice side effect: with step 5 switched off you
can slice at a non-standard angle and print the result on a normal
printer. The first belt-sliced Benchy was printed exactly that way, on a
Sovol SV08.
### 5. Machine frame
The printer doesn't know its bed is tilted. To make straight walls come
out straight, the axes are remapped (the default mapping is X → reversed
X, Y → Z, Z → Y) and the result is sheared and scaled:
```math
\begin{bmatrix} X \\ Y \\ Z \end{bmatrix}
\longrightarrow
\begin{bmatrix} X \\ \dfrac{Y}{\cos\alpha} \\ Z + Y\cdot\tan\alpha \end{bmatrix}
```
This lives in `GCodeWriter` behind a small `MachineKinematics` strategy
(`BeltKinematics` on belts, identity otherwise), so the writer itself
has one code path. The slicing angle and the machine angle can differ if
you want to, e.g. slice at 30° on a 45° machine — mind your nozzle
clearance if you do.
</details>
A short recording of the back-transform from the original PR:
https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/cdb9cc83-711d-48b7-9d86-a014a32c5e8e
---
## What had to change to make it work
Belt mode is gated on the `belt_printer` printer setting; with it off,
every code path below is the old one.
<details>
<summary><b>Slicing and geometry</b></summary>
- `PrintObjectSlice` / `PrintObject`: the rotation, Z lift and
per-object layer-grid shift, plus the invalidation that goes with them.
Modifiers and painted volumes are transformed with the same matrix as
the model.
- `FirstLayerPlane`: "the first layer" on a belt is a band along the
belt, not the first slicing layer. First-layer speed, line width and the
fan band are measured against it.
- `Print::validate`: clearance checks against the gantry instead of the
printable height; skirt, raft, draft shield, the classic prime tower,
arc fitting, spiral vase with brim, and scarf-joint seams are refused or
disabled on belts because each of them either doesn't exist on a belt or
moves the belt the wrong way (a scarf seam starts one layer low, which
on a belt is a 0.28 mm back-step into the previous layer at every seam).
- Z-hop defaults to 0 on belt profiles; a lift on a belt is a belt move.
</details>
<details>
<summary><b>Supports</b></summary>
- `SupportMaterial`, `TreeSupport`, `TreeSupport3D`, `TreeModelVolumes`:
a shared `BeltFloorContext` provides the belt plane; supports clip to
it, extension layers are numbered sequentially, and the first-layer
flange that used to be stamped under everything is gone.
- `build_plate_tilt_x/y` (from #12733) is now derived from the slicing
rotation in `Print::apply`, so GUI and CLI agree; it's capped below 90°.
- Organic supports that reach the belt no longer produce negative flow.
</details>
<details>
<summary><b>Brims (#15155)</b></summary>
A belt first layer is effectively a single line of contact, so a brim
matters more than usual. `BeltBrim` generates per-layer bands along the
belt plus an "apron" ahead of the part, in the object's brim filament.
Two belt-specific settings came with it: **Leading edge brim length**
(more lines on the side printed first) and **Extra brim width** (across
the belt), plus a **Leading edge only** brim type.
<img width="1849" height="1043" alt="belt brim"
src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/f963ed8e-53e7-48f8-a495-123cb9ae27f7"
/>
</details>
<details>
<summary><b>Multi-colour: the belt purge tower</b></summary>
The classic wipe tower can't exist on a belt (its G-code bypasses the
transform and it needs a flat bed to stand on). Instead the GUI
generates a long, thin "purge prism" beside the parts, flush with the
far edge of the belt, one per plate (`BeltPurgeTower.cpp`). It is a real
model object, so it is sliced like everything else, and
`Print::_plan_belt_purge` routes every filament change into it via
`flush_into_objects`. It's sized from the flush matrix, split into one
island per simultaneous tool change, snapped onto the parts' layer grid,
cut off after the last colour change and stripped of infill no change
claimed, so what prints is a good deal smaller than the model you see in
Prepare.
</details>
<details>
<summary><b>G-code generation and cooling</b></summary>
- `GCodeWriter` + `MachineKinematics`/`BeltKinematics`: the
back-transform, axis remap, shear and scale, lifts that are belt moves,
and the first-layer travel speed.
- `GCode.cpp` / `BeltGCode`: a belt header (slicing rotation, remaps,
machine tilt) that the preview reads back; it is written outside the
optional header block so printers with a BTT TFT thumbnail still get it.
Exclude-object outlines are emitted in the plate frame.
- `CoolingBuffer`: the "first layers" the fan stays off for are a band
above the belt, marked per extrusion segment by the generator
(`;_BELT_BAND_START/END`) and honoured on every layer.
- `GCodeProcessor`: belt header parsing, start-G-code Z handling, and
height checks that don't compare belt travel against the printable
height.
- `ToolOrdering` / `BeltPurge`: filament changes are detected by
scanning the ordering (an apron layer never carries the first-layer
flag).
</details>
<details>
<summary><b>GUI</b></summary>
- Printer settings tab: the belt group (slicing rotation, angle, global
mode, infinite Y, purge tower, floor settings). The axis remap and
pre-slice remap options are Develop-mode only.
- `ConfigManipulation`: everything that doesn't apply on a belt is
greyed out (skirt, raft, draft shield, the wipe tower group, scarf
seams, …).
- Preview: a "designed view" that back-transforms the toolpaths onto the
model so you see the part upright, with `B` toggling the raw
machine-frame G-code (`GCodeViewer`, `Shortcuts`). The tilt comes from
the belt header, so imported G-code behaves.
- Arrange: parts are packed from the end of the belt that prints first,
colours are grouped into runs so each filament change happens once, the
purge tower's strip and the brim width are reserved, and piles aimed at
an off-centre `best_object_pos` are clamped to the bed (`Arrange.cpp`,
`ArrangeJob.cpp`, one clamp in `libnest2d`).
- `PartPlate`: plate icons stay in the gap between plates on a long,
narrow bed; the plate is open along Y for containment tests on an
infinite-Y belt.
- Calibration: a belt temperature tower (overhang variant) that slices
correctly on a tilt.
- The old tilted-bed rendering in Prepare was dormant and has been
removed; the bed is shown as the slicing pipeline treats it.
</details>
<details>
<summary><b>Config options</b></summary>
Printer: `belt_printer`, `belt_printer_infinite_y`,
`belt_slice_rotation`, `belt_slice_rotation_angle`,
`belt_slice_rotation_global`, `belt_preslice_global`,
`belt_frame_tilt_decouple`, `belt_frame_tilt_angle`,
`belt_support_floor_mode`, `belt_support_floor_offset`,
`belt_support_z_offset_mode`, `enable_belt_purge_tower`,
`first_layer_plane`, `first_layer_plane_offset`,
`first_layer_plane_thickness`, `build_plate_tilt_x/y`,
`gcode_back_transform`, `gcode_remap_x/y/z`, `preslice_remap_x/y/z`,
`preslice_remap_global`.
Process: `belt_purge_tower_width`, `leading_brim_length`,
`extra_brim_width`, brim type `leading_edge_only`. Object:
`belt_purge_tower_object`.
All of them have defaults that leave non-belt printers untouched, and
old `belt_support_floor_mode` values map to `none`.
</details>
<details>
<summary><b>Tests</b></summary>
`tests/libslic3r/test_belt_brim.cpp` and `test_arrange.cpp`, and belt
cases in `fff_print` (`test_print.cpp`, `test_skirt_brim.cpp`,
`test_gcodewriter.cpp`, `test_gcode_processor.cpp`): scarf gate, fan
band, gantry clearance, organic supports on the belt, brim with and
without the purge tower, apron widths, machine mapping at non-45°
angles, first-travel lift, start-G-code Z, arrange clamp and colour
grouping. All three suites pass on Linux, and the tree-wide profile
check passes.
</details>
---
## Starter profiles
Three vendors ship belt profiles. Belt mode needs the printer settings
at **Advanced** or above to show its group.
<img alt="advanced mode"
src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/7a519ce5-b3b5-400c-a914-4f208bb577b0"
/>
| Printer | Vendor bundle | Nozzles | Processes | Filaments |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| **Generic Belt Printer** (`MyBeltPrinter`) | Custom | 0.2, 0.4, 0.6,
0.8 | 0.20mm Standard, 0.12mm Fine | library |
| **BabyBelt Pro** (Printcepts) | Printcepts | 0.4 | 0.20mm Standard |
Generic PLA, Generic PETG, eSUN PLA |
| **IdeaFormer IR3 V2** | IdeaFormer | 0.4 | 0.20mm Standard | Generic
PLA, Generic PETG, eSUN PLA |
To set up a printer that isn't listed: pick **Generic Belt Printer**,
set the belt width and length, save the profile, then copy in your
machine's start/end G-code and limits and tune from there.
<img alt="generic belt printer"
src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/90134d55-d6fe-4dba-8695-5ea44e78ec2b"
/>
<details>
<summary>BabyBelt Pro</summary>
<img width="2467" height="1392" alt="BabyBelt Pro"
src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/2b448cee-339e-43c9-964b-1ee9044044c7"
/>
</details>
---
## Contributions
### @HarrierPigeon
***Majority of design & implementation***
I did most of the work here by myself with AI tools (primarily Claude,
some Codex.)
PRs #12733, #12998, #14385, #15155, #15361, #15156, #15526, #16127
### The @Unlayered3D Team
***Rotation-Mode Pipeline***
The initial version of this sheared the model in the pre-slice pipeline.
Talking with them convinced me to switch to the current
rotate->slice->unrotate-> remap & shear method, which had significant
immediate improvements. Working with them has been a blast.
### @tommasobbianchi
***IdeaFormer IR3V2 Profile, eSUN PLA Tuning, G-Code Render / Preview***
TommyB came in at the perfect time to help keep me motivated and
contributed several things I hadn't had the werewithal to implemement
yet. Without their contributions and encouragement, we wouldn't be here
yet.
### The BabyBelt Community
**BabyBelt Pro** — @rexit1982 for the profile, and @RobMink of
Printcepts for the printer and a lot of patient testing.
**Field reports** — Many members of the BabyBelt community helped,
testing on their machines, providing G-Code and examples of issues, and
encouraging me to keep working on it. Among them:
- @RobMink - creator of the BabyBelt
- @rexit1982 - initial BabyBelt Pro profile, bug hunter
- @shubhracc - found a *lot* of technical bugs
- @NeoDLC - bug hunter
and BabyBelt Discord members who found bugs & gave feedback in no
particular order:
- @horatio42 - also provided a build machine while mine was down
- @HotCubCar - requested belt printer brim support
- Swap_File
- @Nyctelios
- Sup
- @matschi140
- @Rise-Run
- @shooby-dooby
### OrcaSlicer Maintainers
**Generic belt printer** — @SoftFever
**Keeping on top of upstream** @RF47 & @HanifKoh
**Review and fixes** — @HanifKoh (#15685 and the review on this PR).
Among them: plates after the first printed off the bed on belts; painted
supports and seams ignored the belt transform; support generation failed
at a 90° tilt; the object table crashed on the Support column on every
printer because tilt keys were in the per-object tables; apron brims
printed in the wrong filament; `build_plate_tilt` went stale outside the
GUI; the CLI reserved a wipe tower on belts; every G-code file was
treated as belt G-code because the config block carries the angle; tests
didn't compile on Clang/MSVC; plus a long list of smaller clean-ups and
the review questions that led to the clearance check, the header length
fix, the retired floor modes and the removal of the diagnostic logging.
### Additional Thanks
A special thanks to LDO Motors, who provided equipment for validating
multicolor, and my wife, who not only put up with with this obsession,
and the addition of three belt printers to our home, but has encouraged
me to keep going ever since I started this project six months ago.
---
## Known Issues
- The purge prism's first tool is chosen by the shared `ToolOrdering`
logic; on some layouts the print opens on the wrong filament and makes
one extra change at the thin tip of the prism (the "cannot absorb the
full purge volume" warning at a low height).
- Colour grouping in arrange is a soft cost: when the belt is too short
for clean runs, colours overlap rather than spill onto another plate.
- Three OrcaFilamentLibrary filaments still carry `filament_z_hop` 0.4;
belt profiles override it to 0.
Also: slicing at an angle other than the machine's (decoupled frame
tilt) is supported but not something the starter profiles exercise.
## Summary
Fixes#15944.
The plugin audit deny-list matched `secret`, `cert`, and
`conf` as substrings of every path component. This blocked
valid imports during plugin capability execution, for example
`numpy/__config__.py`, because `conf` appeared inside the
module filename.
This PR changes deny keyword matching to use whole path
components instead of substring matches. It keeps the
intended protections for sensitive locations and config
files, while allowing dependency and stdlib modules whose
names merely contain those strings.
## Changes
- Match denied path keywords as whole components instead of
substrings.
- Keep denying sensitive directory names such as:
- `secret`
- `secrets`
- `cert`
- `certs`
- `certificate`
- `certificates`
- `conf`
- `config`
- Keep denying config files by extension:
- `.conf`
- `.ini`
- Allow legitimate Python module/package paths such as:
- `numpy/__config__.py`
- `numpy/_core/_ufunc_config.py`
- `configparser.py`
- `sysconfig.py`
- `logging/config.py`
- `certifi/cacert.pem`
- Include the denied target and reason in `PermissionError`
messages when the audit hook blocks an operation.
- Remove an unused `<memory>` include from
`PluginAuditManager.hpp`.
## Why
The previous substring matching caused false positives for
common dependency and standard-library paths. It also made
failures hard to diagnose because the Python exception did
not include the refused path.
The new behavior is narrower: it blocks sensitive path
components and config file extensions without treating
unrelated names like `__config__.py`, `configparser.py`,
`Conference`, or `Concert` as secrets.
## Testing
- Added/updated unit coverage in
`tests/slic3rutils/test_plugin_audit.cpp` for:
- whole-component keyword matches
- `.conf` / `.ini` blocking
- case-insensitive matching
- false-positive paths from #15944
Plugin used for testing:
[orca_audit_numpy_config_repro.py](https://github.com/user-attachments/files/33143848/orca_audit_numpy_config_repro.py)
* Explain the texture displacement views that cannot be used, and show them
Checker and Distortion are views of a layer's unwrap, so they mean nothing on
any other mapping - but they were offered on all of them and simply drew
nothing when picked. Fade them out on anything but Unwrap (LSCM), with the
reason in the tooltip, and have a click bring the UV editor up on the view it
selected, since that pane is where the unwrap is actually worked on.
Neither view was visible even when it did apply. The overlay is built from the
base patch and drawn with a polygon offset, which biases depth values rather
than moving geometry, so it cannot win against the displaced preview standing
in front of it. Leave that preview out while a UV-check view is on and draw the
undisplaced surface instead, which is what the offset assumes and what the
mapping being inspected belongs to.
In the UV editor, a tool that cannot be used right now is faded rather than
disabled. A disabled window gets no mouse events on GTK or MSW, so every one of
those tools - Cut, Join, Unjoin, Clear seams, Clear UV edits, the select modes,
Snap, Frame - silently had no tooltip in the state where the user most needs to
know what is missing. Each now says what to do instead. The tile size, the
island statistics, the status line and the three select modes gained tooltips
of their own; the select modes now name the gestures they enable, which were
documented nowhere.
* UV editor: keep the mouse capture balanced
The canvas captured the mouse on every button press without checking whether
it already held one, released it in a single place, and handled no capture
loss at all. Two sequences leaked a capture: pressing a second button during a
drag nested a second one that the single release on button-up could not undo,
and a modal R/S skipped that release entirely while waiting for a confirming
click that may never come.
A leaked capture is not a local problem on macOS, where wxEVT_MOUSE_CAPTURE_LOST
is never sent and nothing recovers it. While any wx window holds a capture,
wxOSX routes every mouse event to that window and never calls through to
NSWindow, so the application stops seeing motion and enter/leave, and native
tooltips stop appearing anywhere in it.
Capture through grab_mouse()/drop_mouse() so there is at most one, give it back
on any button-up including a modal gesture (which tracks the pointer and needs
no capture), and cancel on wxEVT_MOUSE_CAPTURE_LOST: commit nothing, put back
what a modal rotate or scale already applied, and do not release a capture that
is already gone.
---------
Co-authored-by: ExPikaPaka <mrfsfyt@gmail.com>
Every BambuStudio project opened with a "BambuStudio Project" info dialog
(or, from BambuStudio 2.8.2, one saying the file is newer than the
compatible version and to update the software), followed by the
configuration-substitution dialogs for the project and its embedded
presets. None of them asks anything and all of them fire for every
BambuStudio file.
For BambuStudio projects (untagged files newer than 2.3.2, the existing
test) log the version with the unrecognized settings, and each replaced
value, instead. The geometry-only, invalid-values and G-code safety
dialogs stay, and other 3MFs are unchanged.
The Slice-plate hover popup (FilamentGroupPopup, a wxPopupTransientWindow)
takes the mouse capture while it is shown, and on macOS its OnIdle handler
reacquires that capture whenever the cursor sits outside the popup. If the
popup is still shown when the modal filament grouping dialog opens, wx routes
every dialog mouse event to the now-hidden popup, because WX_filterSendEvent
short-circuits to the capture window while GetCapture() is non-null. The
dialog's filament blocks never receive a mouse-down, so they can't be dragged
and the whole app looks frozen even though its modal loop is healthy and the
keyboard still works.
Dismiss the popup synchronously before the dialog opens: Dismiss() hides it
and releases the capture, and hiding it stops OnIdle from reacquiring. This is
a no-op where the popup is never shown (Linux, where the hover popup is
disabled, and any non-dual-nozzle printer).
A plugin enabled at startup loads before the main frame exists, so a
dock panel it opens from on_load was dropped by the one-shot CallAfter
that found no plater. Opened a moment later, before the frame was laid
out, the pane was sized against the unsized frame and track_docked_size
kept that width. Poll until the plater is shown on screen, then build
the pane; release the reserved id instead when the app is closing.
The bed-axes toggle added for the Design tab's reference planes reads
m_design_sketch_tool, which only exists under SLIC3R_CAD. Compute the
flag once and read the sketch tool inside the same guard as its other
uses.
The last headers with a using or namespace alias at namespace scope:
- TCPConsole.hpp imported boost::asio::ip::tcp into Slic3r::Utils for
two member declarations. The alias is now a private member of the
class.
- WebSocketClient.hpp declared four namespace aliases and a tcp alias
at global scope, each used only by the header. The names are spelled
out.
- Repair.hpp aliased CGAL::Polygon_mesh_processing as PMP in
Slic3r::tex2color. The three functions that use it declare the alias
themselves.
- PreciseSeam.hpp, Thumbnails.hpp and MarchingSquares.hpp used a
using-declaration or directive for one or two spots each; those spots
are qualified. Thumbnails.hpp's "PNG"sv default argument becomes
"PNG", which converts to the std::string_view parameter the same way.
- tests/sla_print/sla_test_utils.hpp had "using namespace Slic3r;" and
tests/filament_group/fg_test_serialization.hpp "using json =
nlohmann::json;" at global scope. The headers qualify their own names;
the two SLA test sources get the directive themselves.
Also removed: twelve type aliases in headers that nothing references
(ConflictObjName, CircleSqf, CircleSqd, TRawBuffer, DistanceFunction,
SamePair, ExtruderNozzleInfos, Vec2dEvent, Vec2dsEvent, Vec3dEvent,
t_option, t_optgroups, Plater::fs_path) and a duplicate
fn_ft_job_msg_destroy alias in FileTransferUtils.hpp.
46 files include the same header twice at file scope, outside any #if,
66 times in all:
Model.cpp included Model.hpp twice, Utils.hpp <algorithm> and
<string_view> twice, seven GUI headers <wx/dataview.h> and
<wx/artprov.h> twice. The second include of each is removed.
GCodeSender.cpp and GCodeSender.hpp have been commented out of
libslic3r/CMakeLists.txt since 2022 and their only two includes are
commented out as well. Both files go, with the commented lines, and
the CMake entry for SLA/SupportTreeIGL.cpp, a file that no longer
exists.
Guard the layer count and the per-object layer collection against an
object that is left without a layer to print on a belt (the counting
loop stepped before begin() and front() was taken of an empty vector).
Check the belt temperature tower's embossed model before the current
project is replaced, not after. Only invalidate the support step of
objects that own a belt brim when an object is added or removed. The
empty-layers test now counts an extrusion only where material is laid
down along a move. The BeltBrim.cpp SEQUENCING note says exactly which
layers are read, and the machine-frame scale is 1/|sin|.
Remove more code that nothing calls: the kinematics inverse
(to_logical, apply_axis_remap_inverse, to_build_volume and the state
kept for them), the world_coordinates(), is_active() and
belt_brim_areas_by_layer() accessors, the PrintConfig overload of
physical_tilt() and the DynamicPrintConfig overload of
compute_belt_height_and_floor(). Comments in GCode.hpp,
BeltSliceStrategy.hpp/.cpp and PrintObjectSlice.cpp that described the
retired pre-slice remap and plane-evaluator still did; the purge-tower
width tooltip named the wrong switch.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
The calibration fell back to the 230-190 tower when no embossed model
existed for the requested range, so the printed numbers did not match
the temperatures. Show an error naming the range and stop instead.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
update_fff() derives build_plate_tilt_x/y from the belt tilt on a belt
printer, so a value typed into those fields was silently overwritten.
Disable the two fields while belt_printer is on.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Since the slicing frame of a belt object starts at the belt below its
leading end, its first layers are empty. On a single part they carry
the brim bands; with several parts along the belt the later parts'
empty layers fall between the earlier parts' printing layers and were
written to the G-code as layer changes with no moves at all. The
preview numbers its layers (libvgcode::Layers) from the vertices it is
given and expects consecutive ids, so at the first such gap it stopped
creating layers and folded everything after it into the last one: the
top slider layer held nearly the whole print, the slider jumped every
other layer through the single-colour stretch before a second part on
another filament, and with the belt purge tower the whole print greyed
out while dragging.
Drop the belt layers that print nothing (no object, support or brim
content) in GCode::collect_layers_to_print, and renumber the layers
consecutively over the moves that exist when converting a result for
libvgcode, so a file with empty layers from any source still previews
correctly. The layer slider labels a belt layer with its print Z (the
slicer's layer Z, which increases along the belt) instead of libvgcode's
toolpath height, which on a tilted layer is wherever its last extrusion
ended; the slider assumes that list increases and showed "0 / max" on
alternate layers. The processor reads that print Z from the ";Z:" tag
non-BBL printers write (it only knew "; Z_HEIGHT:"), on belt printers
only, so nothing changes elsewhere. Regression test: two cubes 60 mm apart along the
belt produce no layer without an extrusion and the header's layer count
matches.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
The 02.08.02 series appended queue_plate_id to PrintParams and nothing
after it changed the ABI OrcaSlicer calls, so adding the field brings
the current layout up to 02.08.04. Make 02.08.04 the latest series and
drop 02.08.01 from the whitelist: its PrintParams no longer matches, and
its malformed bind table is refused by dyld on macOS 27, so it cannot
load there. A stored 02.08.01 falls back to the latest series through
the existing unsupported-version path.
The directive sat at global scope in a header that DeviceManager.hpp
includes, so most of the GUI compiled with all of std in the global
namespace. 42 files had come to rely on it, mostly for string, vector
and unordered_map, four of them for the ""sv and ""ms literals.
Those sites are qualified. GCodeViewer.cpp spelled the type as
std::vector<::string>, which only resolved through the directive. The
files that use the ""sv and ""ms literals get a file-scope
"using namespace std::string_view_literals;" or
"using namespace std::chrono_literals;", as other sources already do.
The "Show raw G-code (belt only)" toggle, retired in #16236, returns as
an item of the Preview canvas view menu (with its B shortcut), and only
there: no legend checkbox. Unlit, the preview shows the designed,
upright view; lit, the raw machine-frame G-code, which is what to look
at when checking the machine frame transforms. The toggle is view
only; exported G-code is the same either way.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
# Description
The default Orca Cloud API URL omits its scheme, so libcurl interprets
it as HTTP and follows the server redirect to HTTPS. Recent libcurl
versions intentionally do not forward the `Authorization` header across
protocol/port-changing redirects, causing Orca Cloud profile sync to
receive HTTP 401 `missing_authorization` responses and eventually log
the user out.
Use the HTTPS API URL directly. Besides restoring sync with current
libcurl versions, this improves security by preventing the bearer access
token from being sent in the initial unencrypted HTTP request.
# Screenshots/Recordings/Graphs
N/A — no UI changes.
## Tests
- `git diff --check`
- Confirmed with current libcurl that the scheme-less URL redirects and
loses the authorization header, while the direct HTTPS URL retains it
- ClipperUtils.hpp imported jtMiter, jtRound and jtSquare into the
global namespace for every includer. No code names them there.
- BBLStatusBar.hpp, BBLStatusBarBind.hpp, BBLStatusBarPrint.hpp,
BBLStatusBarSend.hpp and ProgressStatusBar.hpp re-exported their class
into Slic3r::GUI. Nothing refers to the class through that namespace.
- Jobs/SendJob.hpp, Jobs/BindJob.hpp, Jobs/UpgradeNetworkJob.hpp and
AuxiliaryDataViewModel.hpp declared "namespace fs = boost::filesystem;"
at global scope without using it.
Each of these headers put a using or namespace alias at global or
namespace scope, which every includer inherited:
- BBLTopbar.hpp: "using namespace Slic3r::GUI;" at global scope, reached
through MainFrame.hpp. Seven source files used GUI names unqualified
outside the namespace because of it, one of them as "::RadioBox".
- IMSlider.hpp and TickCode.hpp: "using namespace CustomGCode;" inside
Slic3r.
- ProjectTask.hpp, Jobs/PrintJob.hpp and ConfigWizard_private.hpp:
"namespace fs = boost::filesystem;". PresetBundle.cpp and GUI_App.cpp
had no alias of their own.
- VoronoiUtils.hpp: "using VD = Slic3r::Geometry::VoronoiDiagram;" at
global scope.
The headers now spell the names out. Source files that used them get
the qualifier, or a using of their own where there are many uses.
151 using-directives, using-declarations, type aliases and namespace
aliases in source and test files that nothing refers to: the name is
never used, it duplicates a using already in scope, or the code sits
inside the namespace it names. Each one was removed on its own and the
file still compiled, both as it is and with every header-level using
taken away, so none of them was only redundant because a header leaks
the same name.
With the using gone, 28 #include lines and one forward declaration had
no other reference left in their file (boost/optional.hpp without any
optional, property_tree headers without any ptree) and go with it.
No header is touched.
* Stop Leaking json Through Headers and Drop Includes Kept Only for the Name
AppConfig.hpp, DeviceManager.hpp and UserManager.hpp carried a global
"using namespace nlohmann;", json_diff.hpp a global "using json =
nlohmann::json;" and PrinterFileSystem.h a global "using nlohmann::json;".
Every file that included one of them, directly or not, could write a
bare json, and 63 did without declaring it.
The last two also made the include checker treat json_diff.hpp and
PrinterFileSystem.h as the headers that provide json, so they were
included from files that use nothing else from them: 57 of the 59
includers of json_diff.hpp never name json_diff.
The five statements are removed. Headers that use the type now spell
nlohmann::json, source files declare their own "using json =
nlohmann::json;", and the includes that only supplied the name are
dropped or replaced by <nlohmann/json.hpp>.
Eight files reached json_diff.hpp only through an include that is now
gone and with it lost that header's "using namespace std;". The std
names they used unqualified are qualified.
* Declare json in OrcaSlicer.cpp on Every Platform
OrcaSlicer.cpp had its "using namespace nlohmann;" and the json include
inside the Linux-only include block, so on Windows and macOS it took
json from AppConfig.hpp's global directive, which is gone. The include
and a "using json = nlohmann::json;" now sit outside the block.
Follow-up to #16195 and the review discussion on #14394 (yw4z's note
about the third column on the *Belt tilt* row). Removes the belt options
that are redundant or unused before the branch ships, so they never need
compatibility handling after a release, and fixes supports under a
leading overhang. Every removed key is on `handle_legacy()`'s ignore
list, so existing profiles and 3MFs load silently.
## Removed
- **`belt_slice_rotation_global`**, **`preslice_remap_global`**,
**`belt_preslice_global`** (*Global mesh transforms*) and
**`gcode_back_transform`** — the global mode and the back-transform are
what belt printing is; they are presumed on wherever the flags were
consulted (`PrintObjectSlice`, `BeltBackTransform`, `BeltGCode`,
`Print::process`, `PrintApply`, `GCodeViewer`). The *Belt tilt* row is
axis + angle only; the three `fdm_belt_common.json` drop the keys.
- **`preslice_remap_x/y/z`** — no profile used the pre-slice axis remap;
the belt tilt axis plus the G-code axis remap cover the machines that
exist, and its implementation only agreed with itself for a plain swap.
The forward transform is the rotation.
- **`belt_support_z_offset_mode`** and **`belt_support_floor_mode`** —
the first was never read by a generator; the second's only shipped value
(*Generator only*) is now the behaviour.
- **`first_layer_plane`**, **`first_layer_plane_offset`**,
**`first_layer_plane_thickness`** and `FirstLayerPlane.{cpp,hpp}` — the
first-layer band is measured from the belt surface and is one first
layer height thick.
- `belt_brim_instances_compatible()` and its validation warning:
instances along the belt get their brim.
## Supports under a leading overhang (the clipping at the object's local
Z = 0)
The slicing frame of a belt object started at its lowest vertex, but the
belt under the leading end of an overhang lies below that, so no
generator could reach it: normal supports stopped at the object's lowest
layer, and both tree generators carried extension hacks sized from the
pre-rotation bbox and capped at global Z = 0 (right only for the
trailing half of the belt). The frame now starts at the lowest
belt-floor point under the footprint, less a 10 mm margin along the belt
for the base of a support column, and the extensions are gone:
- **Normal supports** run in the object frame and get the global belt Z
offset shifted onto the result (as organic already did). With the offset
on the object layers, a top contact at negative Z turned the
intermediate-layer count negative and the generator allocated layers
until the kernel killed it — any overhang in the leading half of the
belt did this. The first-layer flange expansion is skipped on a belt
(the first support layer is the leading tip, not a flange).
- **Classic tree** nodes keep dropping until their whole circle is in
the belt, so a branch tapers to a tip on the belt instead of stopping a
radius above it.
- **Organic**: the belt is no longer a support blocker. A blocker is a
collision, and a branch descending onto one slides off it, down the belt
and ahead of the part; the belt is where branches end, which the
per-layer floor clipping already does.
Regression test *Belt supports reach the belt under a leading overhang*:
a cube with a fin whose underside is parallel to the layers, 20 mm ahead
of the cube and up to 41 mm of slicing Z above the belt, for normal,
organic and classic tree supports; the lowest support layer must sit on
the belt beneath its own lines.
The belt object height (the layer range) is now estimated from the box
of the mesh as placed on the bed. `raw_bounding_box()` has the
instance's Z offset removed, which was harmless for the old
rotated-extent estimate but not for one anchored at the belt floor (a
point's rotated z and the floor under it move in opposite directions
under a Z shift): with the first version of this change every part came
out as a wedge, sliced only up to its diagonal, in the GUI and CLI
alike. Caught by a GUI test pass; the leading-overhang test now also
checks that the whole part is sliced.
## Belt brim after the parallel support step
`belt_brim_obstacles()` reads every object's layers and support layers,
which another object's support step rebuilds (and now shifts) at the
same time. The brim is generated sequentially once the parallel step is
over (`PrintObject::generate_belt_brim()`). This is the race behind the
Windows arm64 segfault in *Belt brim of each object precedes its
perimeters on its own filament*.
## UI
- *Belt tilt* is two rows: the angle (Advanced) and the axis (Developer;
a profile-level kinematics choice). A shared line is shown by its first
option's mode, so they cannot share one.
- *Machine frame transforms* is five single-option rows (G-code remap X
/ Y / Z, Decouple machine-frame tilt, Machine-frame tilt angle — the
angle row only appears when decoupled) instead of two multi-column
lines; the remap fields got full labels since they stand alone now.
- The gravity indicator on the bed is a plain line along the up
direction (no cone, 60 % of the axes' length), per yw4z.
- The *Show raw G-code (belt only)* legend/canvas toggle and its `B`
shortcut are gone; the preview is the designed view.
Also carries the two-line `phong.fs` fix from #16226 (merges as a
no-op).
## Verification
- `libslic3r_tests` 1116 passed (92 648 assertions); `fff_print_tests`
351 passed (561 696 assertions).
- `scripts/clang_tidy_diff.py --base upstream/belt-printer`: no
findings.
- `scripts/orca_profile_tool.py check`: no profile references a removed
key.
- GUI target builds; a scripted GUI pass (xdotool) checked the settings
groups in every mode, slicing, export, instances, the purge tower,
calibration dialogs, the wizard, printer switching and 3MF round-trip.
The wiki pages (OrcaSlicer/OrcaSlicer_WIKI#374) get a follow-up dropping
the removed sections once this is in.
The slicing frame of a belt object started at its lowest vertex, but the
belt under the leading end of an overhang lies below that, by the
overhang's length times the tilt's shear. Every support generator works
in layers at z >= 0, so none of them could reach it: normal supports
stopped at the object's own lowest layer, and the two tree generators
each carried a stack of hacks to extend themselves below it (a post-hoc
copy of the lowest base area in TreeSupport, "virtual belt raft layers"
in TreeSupport3D/TreeModelVolumes), sized from the pre-rotation bbox
and capped at global z = 0, which is only right for the trailing half
of the belt.
Start the frame at the lowest belt-floor point under the footprint
instead, less a 10 mm margin along the belt for the base of a support
column (BeltSliceStrategy::apply_preslice_transforms and
BeltTransformPipeline::compute_belt_height_and_floor agree on it). The
layers between it and the first vertex come out empty, which belt
slicing already tolerates, and the generators need no extension at all:
- normal supports: the generator anchors its layer grid at the frame
origin, so run it in the object frame and shift the global belt Z
offset onto the result afterwards, as organic supports already did.
With the offset on the object layers a top contact at negative z
turned the intermediate-layer count negative and the generator
allocated layers until the kernel killed it (any overhang in the
leading half of the belt). Drop the first-layer flange expansion on a
belt: the first support layer is the leading tip of the support, not
a flange, and inflating it put lines in the air ahead of the belt.
- classic tree: a node now keeps dropping until its whole circle is in
the belt, so the branch tapers to a tip on the belt instead of
stopping, a radius above it, when its centre crosses.
- organic: the belt is no longer a support blocker. A blocker is a
collision, and a branch descending onto one slides off it, down the
tilted belt and ahead of the part; the belt is where branches end,
which the per-layer m_belt_floor clipping already does.
The belt brim is generated after the parallel support step instead of
inside it: belt_brim_obstacles() reads every object's layers and support
layers, which another object's support step rebuilds (and, now, shifts)
at the same time. This is the race behind the Windows arm64 segfault
in "Belt brim of each object precedes its perimeters on its own
filament".
Also: the belt tilt axis moves to Developer mode as its own row (a
shared line is shown by its first option's mode), first_layer_plane
band thickness, belt_support_floor_mode, belt_preslice_global and
gcode_back_transform are retired and presumed on, the gravity arrow is
a plain line along the up direction, and the "Show raw G-code (belt
only)" preview toggle is gone.
Regression test: "Belt supports reach the belt under a leading
overhang" slices a cube with a fin whose underside is parallel to the
layers, 20 mm ahead of the cube and up to 41 mm of slicing Z above the
belt, for normal, organic and classic tree supports, and checks that
the lowest support layer sits on the belt beneath its own lines.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Removed, with the keys added to handle_legacy()'s ignore list so saved
profiles and 3MFs keep loading:
- belt_slice_rotation_global and preslice_remap_global. Both were only
consulted when belt_preslice_global ("Global mesh transforms") was off,
which no profile does; belt_preslice_global is now the single global
mode and is presumed on everywhere the old flags were ORed in
(PrintObjectSlice, BeltBackTransform, BeltGCode, Print::process,
PrintApply). The Belt tilt row is axis + angle only.
- preslice_remap_x/y/z. No profile used the pre-slice axis remap; the belt
tilt axis plus the G-code axis remap cover the machines that exist, and
its implementation only agreed with itself for a plain swap (matrix
columns vs remap_bbox rows). BeltTransformPipeline::build_preslice_remap,
remap_bbox and has_preslice_remap are gone, the forward transform is the
rotation, and the G-code header no longer carries the remap.
- belt_support_z_offset_mode. Saved and invalidated steps, but no support
generator read it.
- first_layer_plane and first_layer_plane_offset, with FirstLayerPlane.cpp.
On every shipped configuration the band is measured from the belt
surface (GCode::belt_height_above_floor) and the evaluator was only
reached for an explicit XY/YZ/XZ choice or a non-zero offset, which
nobody set. first_layer_plane_thickness stays as the band unit,
relabelled "First layer band thickness".
UI: the Machine frame transforms group is five single-option rows (G-code
remap X / Y / Z, Decouple machine-frame tilt, Machine-frame tilt angle;
the angle row is shown only when decoupled) instead of two multi-column
lines, and the remap fields carry full labels.
Also carries the phong.fs struct fix from #16226 so the worktree build
links its shaders.
libslic3r_tests and fff_print_tests pass; clang-tidy diff check clean;
orca_profile_tool.py check clean.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
SoftFever