fix: Mesh Boolean crash on Windows builds made with clang-cl (#16651)

Build without precompiled headers when the compiler is clang-cl, in both the slicer and the wxWidgets dependency, and add a CI check that fails if broken exception throw info comes back.

With a precompiled header, clang-cl can leave the copy constructor out of the throw info it emits for an exception type (llvm/llvm-project#53486, open since 2022 and still present in clang 22.1.3). The linker keeps one throw info per type for the whole binary. When it keeps one from a precompiled header file, a copy of that exception is bitwise, and the copy and the original free the same data.

Mesh Boolean hits this on every operation. mcut destroys a std::promise that was never set, which stores a broken_promise future_error in an exception_ptr. Freeing it corrupts the heap, and Windows ends the process with 0xC0000374. The 2.5.0-alpha release has broken throw info for 64 exception classes, including std::runtime_error, std::bad_alloc and boost exceptions.

scripts/check_exception_throw_info.ps1 runs after the Windows clang build and its uploads, before any deploy. It fails when an exception class has throw info both with and without a copy constructor, when OrcaSlicer.pdb is missing, or when it finds no exception classes at all. scripts/test_check_exception_throw_info.ps1 tests it on canned dumps.

build_win.bat now treats -l as --no-pch. The Windows ccache key drops the cl.exe version, which only mattered for precompiled headers.

The bug came in with #15428, which moved Windows CI to clang-cl. 2.4.2 was built with MSVC.

Fixes #16581

.github/workflows/build_orca.yml

@@ -65,15 +65,6 @@ jobs:
         shell: bash
         run: |
           leg="${{ runner.os }}-${{ inputs.arch || 'amd64' }}${{ runner.os == 'Windows' && format('-{0}', inputs.compiler) || '' }}"
-          # clang-cl refuses a precompiled header from another cl.exe build and ccache
-          # does not hash that build, so each one gets its own cache. The build number
-          # is read from cl.exe itself; the toolset directory keeps its name across patches.
-          if [ "${{ runner.os }}" = Windows ]; then
-            vswhere='/c/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/Installer/vswhere.exe'
-            toolset=$(tr -d '\r\n' < "$("$vswhere" -latest -products '*' -find 'VC\Auxiliary\Build\Microsoft.VCToolsVersion.default.txt' | tr -d '\r')")
-            cl=$("$vswhere" -latest -products '*' -find 'VC\Tools\MSVC\'"$toolset"'\**\cl.exe' | tr -d '\r' | head -1)
-            leg="$leg-vc$("$cl" 2>&1 | grep -o -E 'Version [0-9.]+' | cut -d' ' -f2)"
-          fi
           echo "CCACHE_LEG=$leg" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
           echo "CCACHE_ENTRY=ccache-$leg-${{ github.run_id }}-${{ github.run_attempt }}" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
 
@@ -552,6 +543,13 @@ jobs:
           name: OrcaSlicer_profile_validator_Windows_${{ env.ver }}
           path: ${{ github.workspace }}/build/src/Release/OrcaSlicer_profile_validator.exe
 
+      - name: Check exception throw info Win
+        if: runner.os == 'Windows' && inputs.compiler == 'clang'
+        working-directory: ${{ github.workspace }}
+        # After the uploads, so a failure still leaves the build and its PDB to inspect, and before any deploy.
+        shell: pwsh
+        run: scripts\check_exception_throw_info.ps1 -BuildDir $env:BUILD_DIR
+
       - name: Deploy Windows release portable
         if: github.repository == 'OrcaSlicer/OrcaSlicer' && github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' && runner.os == 'Windows' && !vars.SELF_HOSTED
         uses: ./.github/actions/deploy-nightly